Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Lasers in Medical Science 5/2019

15.11.2018 | Original Article

Comparison of high-intensity laser therapy and combination of ultrasound treatment and transcutaneous nerve stimulation in patients with cervical spondylosis: a randomized controlled trial

verfasst von: M. Venosa, E. Romanini, R. Padua, S. Cerciello

Erschienen in: Lasers in Medical Science | Ausgabe 5/2019

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

The aim of the study was to compare the effect of high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) and a combination of ultrasound (US) treatment and transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) on pain, range of motion (ROM), and functional activity in patients with cervical spondylosis (CS). A total of 84 patients with a mean age of 51.54 years (52 women and 32 men) affected by CS were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. In group A (42 subjects), patients received 12 sessions of HILT plus exercise, while in group B (42 subjects), they received a combination of US, TENS, and exercise. The outcomes measured were cervical segment ROM, pain level measured by visual analogue scale (VAS), and functional activity measured by neck disability index (NDI) at the end of the therapy. The level of statistical significance was set as p < 0.05. In the two groups, cervical ROM, VAS, and functional scores showed significant changes. Both HILT plus exercise and US/TENS plus exercise effectively increased cervical ROM and reduced pain (with a significant greater decrease in group A). Statistically significant differences in NDI scores were observed after treatment sessions with better results for participants enrolled in group A (HILT plus exercise) Both therapeutic modalities demonstrated analgesic efficacy and improved function in patients affected by cervical spondylosis 4 weeks after the therapy. HILT plus exercise was more effective than US/TENS plus exercise. HILT can be promoted and used in this pathology with positive outcomes. However, further studies are needed to optimize the dose and duration of HILT therapy.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Cherkin DC, Eisenberg D, Sherman KJ, Barlow W, Kaptchuck TJ, Street J et al (2001) Randomized trial comparing traditional Chinese medical acupuncture, therapeutic massage, and self-care education for chronic low back pain. Arch Intern Med 161(8):1081–1088CrossRefPubMed Cherkin DC, Eisenberg D, Sherman KJ, Barlow W, Kaptchuck TJ, Street J et al (2001) Randomized trial comparing traditional Chinese medical acupuncture, therapeutic massage, and self-care education for chronic low back pain. Arch Intern Med 161(8):1081–1088CrossRefPubMed
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Hoving JL, Gross AR, Gasner D, Kay T, Kennedy C, Hondras MA et al (2001) A critical appraisal of review articles on the effectiveness of conservative treatment for neck pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 26(2):196–205CrossRef Hoving JL, Gross AR, Gasner D, Kay T, Kennedy C, Hondras MA et al (2001) A critical appraisal of review articles on the effectiveness of conservative treatment for neck pain. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 26(2):196–205CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Webb R, Brammah T, Lunt M, Urwin M, Allison T, Symmons D (2003) Prevalence and predictors of intense, chronic, and disabling neck and back pain in the UK general population. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 28(11):1995–1202 Webb R, Brammah T, Lunt M, Urwin M, Allison T, Symmons D (2003) Prevalence and predictors of intense, chronic, and disabling neck and back pain in the UK general population. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 28(11):1995–1202
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Abbott JH, Mercer SR (2002) The natural history of acute low back pain. New Zeal J Physio 30:8–16 Abbott JH, Mercer SR (2002) The natural history of acute low back pain. New Zeal J Physio 30:8–16
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Day RO, Rowett D, Roughead EE (1999) Towards the safer use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Qual Clin Pract 19:51–53CrossRefPubMed Day RO, Rowett D, Roughead EE (1999) Towards the safer use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. J Qual Clin Pract 19:51–53CrossRefPubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim DH, Choi JY, Kim BG et al (2016) Propesctive, randomized, and controlled trial on ketamine infusion during bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy: effects on postoperative pain and recovery profiles: a consort compliant article. Medicine (Baltimore) 95:e5485CrossRef Kim DH, Choi JY, Kim BG et al (2016) Propesctive, randomized, and controlled trial on ketamine infusion during bilateral axillo-breast approach (BABA) robotic or endoscopic thyroidectomy: effects on postoperative pain and recovery profiles: a consort compliant article. Medicine (Baltimore) 95:e5485CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee YH, Kim YS, Chung MJ et al (2016) Soft tissue necrosis in head and neck cancer patients after transoral robotic surgery or wide excision with primary closure followed by radiation therapy. Medicine (Baltimore) 95:e2852CrossRef Lee YH, Kim YS, Chung MJ et al (2016) Soft tissue necrosis in head and neck cancer patients after transoral robotic surgery or wide excision with primary closure followed by radiation therapy. Medicine (Baltimore) 95:e2852CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Jay K, Brandt M, Jakobsen MD et al (2016) Ten weeks of physical-cognitive-mindfulness training reduces fear-avoidance beliefs about work-related activity: randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 95:e3945CrossRef Jay K, Brandt M, Jakobsen MD et al (2016) Ten weeks of physical-cognitive-mindfulness training reduces fear-avoidance beliefs about work-related activity: randomized controlled trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 95:e3945CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat LandenLudvigsson M, Peolsson A, Peterson G et al (2017) Cost-effectiveness of neck-specific exercise with or without a behavioral approach versus physical activity prescription in the treatment of chronic whiplash-associated disorders: analyses of a randomized clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 96:e7274CrossRef LandenLudvigsson M, Peolsson A, Peterson G et al (2017) Cost-effectiveness of neck-specific exercise with or without a behavioral approach versus physical activity prescription in the treatment of chronic whiplash-associated disorders: analyses of a randomized clinical trial. Medicine (Baltimore) 96:e7274CrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Overmeer T, Peterson G, LaundenLudvigsson M et al (2016) The effect of neck-specific exercise with or without a behavioral approach on psychological factors in chronic whiplash-associated disorders: a randomized controlled trial with a 2-year follow-up. Medicine (Baltimore) 95:e4430CrossRef Overmeer T, Peterson G, LaundenLudvigsson M et al (2016) The effect of neck-specific exercise with or without a behavioral approach on psychological factors in chronic whiplash-associated disorders: a randomized controlled trial with a 2-year follow-up. Medicine (Baltimore) 95:e4430CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Yue JH, Zhang QH, Wang SL et al (2011) Research progress of electro-acupuncture treatment on cervical spondylosis radiculopathy in recent ten years. J Acupuncture Tuina Sci 2:127–132CrossRef Yue JH, Zhang QH, Wang SL et al (2011) Research progress of electro-acupuncture treatment on cervical spondylosis radiculopathy in recent ten years. J Acupuncture Tuina Sci 2:127–132CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Hedaya R (2017) Five herbs plus thiamine reduce pain and improve functional mobility in patients with pan: a pilot study. Altern Ther Health Med 23:14–19PubMed Hedaya R (2017) Five herbs plus thiamine reduce pain and improve functional mobility in patients with pan: a pilot study. Altern Ther Health Med 23:14–19PubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Alayat MS, Atya AM, Ali MM, Shosha TM (2014) Long-term effect of high-intensity laser therapy in the treatment of patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized blinded placebo-controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci 29:1065–1073CrossRefPubMed Alayat MS, Atya AM, Ali MM, Shosha TM (2014) Long-term effect of high-intensity laser therapy in the treatment of patients with chronic low back pain: a randomized blinded placebo-controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci 29:1065–1073CrossRefPubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Bjordal JM, Couppe C, Ljunggren AE (2001) Low level laser therapy for tendinopathy. Evidence of a dose-response pattern. PhysTher Rev 6:91–99 Bjordal JM, Couppe C, Ljunggren AE (2001) Low level laser therapy for tendinopathy. Evidence of a dose-response pattern. PhysTher Rev 6:91–99
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Dundar U, Turkmen U, Toktas H, Solak O, Ulasli AM (2015) Effect of high-intensity laser therapy in the management of myofascial pain syndrome of the trapezius: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Lasers Med Sci 30(1):325–332CrossRefPubMed Dundar U, Turkmen U, Toktas H, Solak O, Ulasli AM (2015) Effect of high-intensity laser therapy in the management of myofascial pain syndrome of the trapezius: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Lasers Med Sci 30(1):325–332CrossRefPubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Exelby L (1995) Mobilizations with movement: a personal view. Physiother 81(12):724–729CrossRef Exelby L (1995) Mobilizations with movement: a personal view. Physiother 81(12):724–729CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Mulligan BR (2010) Manual therapy: NAGS, SNAGS, MWMS etc. Wellington, N.Z.: Plane View Services Ltd Mulligan BR (2010) Manual therapy: NAGS, SNAGS, MWMS etc. Wellington, N.Z.: Plane View Services Ltd
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Uhl T, Carver TJ, Mattacola CG (2003) Shoulder musculature activation during upper extremity weight-bearing exercise. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 33(3):109–117CrossRefPubMed Uhl T, Carver TJ, Mattacola CG (2003) Shoulder musculature activation during upper extremity weight-bearing exercise. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 33(3):109–117CrossRefPubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Geraets JJ, Goossens ME, de Groot IJ, de Bruijn CP, de Bie RA, Dinant GJ, van der Heijden G, van den Heuvel WJ (2005) Effectiveness of a graded exercise therapy program for patients with chronic shoulder complaints. Aust J Physiother 51(2):87–94CrossRefPubMed Geraets JJ, Goossens ME, de Groot IJ, de Bruijn CP, de Bie RA, Dinant GJ, van der Heijden G, van den Heuvel WJ (2005) Effectiveness of a graded exercise therapy program for patients with chronic shoulder complaints. Aust J Physiother 51(2):87–94CrossRefPubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Vernon H, Mior S (1991) The neck disability index: a study of reliability and validity. J Manip Physiol Ther 14(7):409–415 Vernon H, Mior S (1991) The neck disability index: a study of reliability and validity. J Manip Physiol Ther 14(7):409–415
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Fairbank JC, Couper J, Davies JB, O’Brien JP (1980) The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire. Physiotherapy 66(8):271–273 Fairbank JC, Couper J, Davies JB, O’Brien JP (1980) The Oswestry low back pain disability questionnaire. Physiotherapy 66(8):271–273
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Vos CJ, Verhagen AP, Koes BW (2006) Reliability and responsiveness of the Dutch version of the Neck Disability Index in patients with acute neck pain in general practice. Eur Spine J 15(11):1729–1736CrossRefPubMed Vos CJ, Verhagen AP, Koes BW (2006) Reliability and responsiveness of the Dutch version of the Neck Disability Index in patients with acute neck pain in general practice. Eur Spine J 15(11):1729–1736CrossRefPubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat O’Riordan C, Clifford A, Van De Ven P, Nelson J. Chronic neckpain and exercise interventions: frequency, intensity, time, and typeprinciple. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014;95(4):770–783 O’Riordan C, Clifford A, Van De Ven P, Nelson J. Chronic neckpain and exercise interventions: frequency, intensity, time, and typeprinciple. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2014;95(4):770–783
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Rudolfsson T, Djupsjöbacka M, Häger C, Björklund M (2014) Effects of neck coordination exercise on sensorimotorfunction in chronic neckpain: a randomizedcontrolled trial. J Rehabil Med 46(9):908–914CrossRefPubMed Rudolfsson T, Djupsjöbacka M, Häger C, Björklund M (2014) Effects of neck coordination exercise on sensorimotorfunction in chronic neckpain: a randomizedcontrolled trial. J Rehabil Med 46(9):908–914CrossRefPubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Kheshie AR, Alayat MS, Ali MM (2014) High-intensity versus low-level laser therapy in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci 29:1371–1376CrossRefPubMed Kheshie AR, Alayat MS, Ali MM (2014) High-intensity versus low-level laser therapy in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci 29:1371–1376CrossRefPubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Karaca B (2016) Effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy in subacromial impingement syndrome. Photomed Laser Surg 34(6):223–228CrossRefPubMed Karaca B (2016) Effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy in subacromial impingement syndrome. Photomed Laser Surg 34(6):223–228CrossRefPubMed
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Saggini R, Bellomo RG, Cancelli F (2009) Hilterapia and chronic ankle pain syndrome - abstract from energy for health. Int J Inf Sci Cult 3:37–38 Saggini R, Bellomo RG, Cancelli F (2009) Hilterapia and chronic ankle pain syndrome - abstract from energy for health. Int J Inf Sci Cult 3:37–38
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Fiore P, Panza F, Cassatella G, Russo A, Frisardi V, Solfrizzi V, Ranieri M, Di Teo L, Santamato A (2011) Short-term effects of high-intensity laser therapy versus ultrasound therapy in the treatment of low back pain: a randomized controller trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 47(3):367–373PubMed Fiore P, Panza F, Cassatella G, Russo A, Frisardi V, Solfrizzi V, Ranieri M, Di Teo L, Santamato A (2011) Short-term effects of high-intensity laser therapy versus ultrasound therapy in the treatment of low back pain: a randomized controller trial. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 47(3):367–373PubMed
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Alayat MS, Aly TH, Elsayed AE, Fadil AS (2017) Efficacy of pulsed Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci 32(3):503–511CrossRefPubMed Alayat MS, Aly TH, Elsayed AE, Fadil AS (2017) Efficacy of pulsed Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of patients with knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci 32(3):503–511CrossRefPubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Štiglič-Rogoznica N, Stamenković D, Frlan-Vrogč L, Avancini-Dobrović V, Schnurrer-Luke VT (2011) Analgesic effect of high intensity laser therapy in knee osteoarthritis. Coll Antropol 35:183–185PubMed Štiglič-Rogoznica N, Stamenković D, Frlan-Vrogč L, Avancini-Dobrović V, Schnurrer-Luke VT (2011) Analgesic effect of high intensity laser therapy in knee osteoarthritis. Coll Antropol 35:183–185PubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Hagiwara S, Iwasaka H, Hasegawa A, Noguchi T (2008) Pre-irradiation of blood by gallium aluminum arsenide (830 nm) low-level laser enhances peripheral endogenous opioid analgesia in rats. Anesth Analg 107(3):1058–1063CrossRefPubMed Hagiwara S, Iwasaka H, Hasegawa A, Noguchi T (2008) Pre-irradiation of blood by gallium aluminum arsenide (830 nm) low-level laser enhances peripheral endogenous opioid analgesia in rats. Anesth Analg 107(3):1058–1063CrossRefPubMed
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Zati A, Valent A (2006) Physical therapy: new technologies in rehabilitation medicine (translated to English). Edizioni Minerva Medica: 162–85 Zati A, Valent A (2006) Physical therapy: new technologies in rehabilitation medicine (translated to English). Edizioni Minerva Medica: 162–85
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Samoilova KA, Zhevago NA, Petrishchev NN, Zimin AA (2008) Role of nitric oxide in the visible light-induced rapid increase of human skin microcirculation at the local and systemic levels: II. healthy volunteers. Photomed Laser Surg 26(5):443–449CrossRefPubMed Samoilova KA, Zhevago NA, Petrishchev NN, Zimin AA (2008) Role of nitric oxide in the visible light-induced rapid increase of human skin microcirculation at the local and systemic levels: II. healthy volunteers. Photomed Laser Surg 26(5):443–449CrossRefPubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Moriyama Y, Nguyen J, Akens M, Moriyama EH, Lilge L (2009) In vivo effects of low laser therapy on inducible nitric oxide synthase. Lasers Surg Med 41(3):227–231CrossRefPubMed Moriyama Y, Nguyen J, Akens M, Moriyama EH, Lilge L (2009) In vivo effects of low laser therapy on inducible nitric oxide synthase. Lasers Surg Med 41(3):227–231CrossRefPubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Bjordal JM, Johnson MI, Iverson V, Aimbire F, Lopes-Martins RAB (2006) Photoradiation in acute pain: a systematic review of possible mechanism of action and clinical effects in randomized placebo controlled trials. Photomed Laser Surg 24:158–168CrossRefPubMed Bjordal JM, Johnson MI, Iverson V, Aimbire F, Lopes-Martins RAB (2006) Photoradiation in acute pain: a systematic review of possible mechanism of action and clinical effects in randomized placebo controlled trials. Photomed Laser Surg 24:158–168CrossRefPubMed
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang X, Tian F, Reddy DD, Nalawade SS, Barrett DW, Gonzalez-Lima F, et al. (2017) Up-regulation of cerebral cytochrome-c-oxydase and hemodynamics by transcranial infrared laser stimulation a broadband near-infrared spectroscopy study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, p. 271678X17691783, Jan 01 Wang X, Tian F, Reddy DD, Nalawade SS, Barrett DW, Gonzalez-Lima F, et al. (2017) Up-regulation of cerebral cytochrome-c-oxydase and hemodynamics by transcranial infrared laser stimulation a broadband near-infrared spectroscopy study. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, p. 271678X17691783, Jan 01
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang X, Tian F, Soni SS, Gonzalez-Lima F, Liu H (2016) Interplay between up-regulation of cytochrome-c-oxidase and hemoglobin oxygenation induced by near-infrared laser. Sci Rep 6:30540CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Wang X, Tian F, Soni SS, Gonzalez-Lima F, Liu H (2016) Interplay between up-regulation of cytochrome-c-oxidase and hemoglobin oxygenation induced by near-infrared laser. Sci Rep 6:30540CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Wang X, Reddy DD, Nalawade SS, Pal S, Gonzalez-Lima F, Liu H (2018) Impact of heat on metabolic and hemodynamic changes in transcranial infrared laser stimulation measured by broadband near-infrared spectroscopy. Neurophotonics 5:011004PubMed Wang X, Reddy DD, Nalawade SS, Pal S, Gonzalez-Lima F, Liu H (2018) Impact of heat on metabolic and hemodynamic changes in transcranial infrared laser stimulation measured by broadband near-infrared spectroscopy. Neurophotonics 5:011004PubMed
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Lim W, Lee S, Kim I, Ching M, Kim M, Lim H, Park J, Kim O, Choi H (2007) The anti-inflammatory mechanism of 635 nm light-emitting-diode irradiation compared with existing COX inhibitors. Lasers Surg Med 39:614–621CrossRefPubMed Lim W, Lee S, Kim I, Ching M, Kim M, Lim H, Park J, Kim O, Choi H (2007) The anti-inflammatory mechanism of 635 nm light-emitting-diode irradiation compared with existing COX inhibitors. Lasers Surg Med 39:614–621CrossRefPubMed
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Monici M, Cialdai F, Fusi F, Romano G, Pratesi R (2009) Effects of pulsed Nd:YAG laser at molecular and cellular level. A study on the basis of Hilterapia. Energy for Health; International Journal of information and scientific culture; 3(3) Monici M, Cialdai F, Fusi F, Romano G, Pratesi R (2009) Effects of pulsed Nd:YAG laser at molecular and cellular level. A study on the basis of Hilterapia. Energy for Health; International Journal of information and scientific culture; 3(3)
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Štiglič-Rogoznica N, Stamenković D, Frlan-Vrogč L, Avancini-Dobrović V, Vrbanić TS (2011) Analgesic effect of high intensity laser therapy in knee osteoarthritis. Coll Antropol 35(suppl. 2):183–185PubMed Štiglič-Rogoznica N, Stamenković D, Frlan-Vrogč L, Avancini-Dobrović V, Vrbanić TS (2011) Analgesic effect of high intensity laser therapy in knee osteoarthritis. Coll Antropol 35(suppl. 2):183–185PubMed
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Alayat MS, Elsodany AM, El Fiky AA (2014) Efficacy of high and low level laser therapy in the treatment of Bell’s palsy: a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci 29:335–342CrossRefPubMed Alayat MS, Elsodany AM, El Fiky AA (2014) Efficacy of high and low level laser therapy in the treatment of Bell’s palsy: a randomized double blind placebo-controlled trial. Lasers Med Sci 29:335–342CrossRefPubMed
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Johnson MI (2014) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): research to support clinical practice. Oxford University Press, OxfordCrossRef Johnson MI (2014) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS): research to support clinical practice. Oxford University Press, OxfordCrossRef
45.
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Johnson MI (2001) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and TENS-like devices: do they provide pain relief? Pain Rev 8:121–158CrossRef Johnson MI (2001) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) and TENS-like devices: do they provide pain relief? Pain Rev 8:121–158CrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Sluka KA, Bjordal JM, Marchand S, Rakel BA (2013) What makes transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation work? Making sense of the mixed results in the clinical literature. Phys Ther 93(10):1397–1402CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Sluka KA, Bjordal JM, Marchand S, Rakel BA (2013) What makes transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation work? Making sense of the mixed results in the clinical literature. Phys Ther 93(10):1397–1402CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Johnson M, Martinson M (2007) Efficacy of electrical nerve stimulation for chronic musculoskeletal pain: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pain 130(1–2):157–165CrossRefPubMed Johnson M, Martinson M (2007) Efficacy of electrical nerve stimulation for chronic musculoskeletal pain: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Pain 130(1–2):157–165CrossRefPubMed
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Johnson MI, Bjordal JM (2011) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for the management of painful conditions: focus on neuropathic pain. Expert Rev Neurother 11(5):735–753CrossRefPubMed Johnson MI, Bjordal JM (2011) Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for the management of painful conditions: focus on neuropathic pain. Expert Rev Neurother 11(5):735–753CrossRefPubMed
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Jin DM, Xu Y, Geng DF, Yan TB (2010) Effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 89(1):10–15CrossRef Jin DM, Xu Y, Geng DF, Yan TB (2010) Effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation on symptomatic diabetic peripheral neuropathy: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Diabetes Res Clin Pract 89(1):10–15CrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Cruccu G, Aziz TZ, Garcia-Larrea L et al (2007) EFNS guidelines on neurostimulation therapy for neuropathic pain. Eur J Neurol 14(9):952–970CrossRefPubMed Cruccu G, Aziz TZ, Garcia-Larrea L et al (2007) EFNS guidelines on neurostimulation therapy for neuropathic pain. Eur J Neurol 14(9):952–970CrossRefPubMed
Metadaten
Titel
Comparison of high-intensity laser therapy and combination of ultrasound treatment and transcutaneous nerve stimulation in patients with cervical spondylosis: a randomized controlled trial
verfasst von
M. Venosa
E. Romanini
R. Padua
S. Cerciello
Publikationsdatum
15.11.2018
Verlag
Springer London
Erschienen in
Lasers in Medical Science / Ausgabe 5/2019
Print ISSN: 0268-8921
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-604X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-018-2682-7

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 5/2019

Lasers in Medical Science 5/2019 Zur Ausgabe

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

Thank you list 2018