Background
Materials and methods
Design
Participants and setting
Measures
Intervention
Data analysis
Results
Characteristics of patients
Variable | Groups | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Experimental (n = 36) Mean ± SD or n (%) | Control (n = 36) Mean ± SD or n (%) | ||
Age, mean ± SD, year | 63.44 ± 9.87 | 60.97 ± 14.23 | 0.39a |
Sex | |||
Male | 22(68.0) | 20(55.0) | 0.63b |
Female | 14(32.0) | 16(45.0) | |
Previous cardiac surgery | |||
Yes | 6(17.0) | 2(6.0) | 0.67b |
No | 30(87.0) | 34(94.0) | |
Previous coronary angiography | |||
Yes | 24(66.0) | 20(55.0) | 0.46b |
No | 12(44.0) | 16(45.0) |
Primary outcomes
Variable | Time | Study Group | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Experimental (n = 36) Mean ± SD | Control (n = 36) Mean ± SD | |||
Groin pain measurement | Before TFA | 2.69 ± 1.00 | 2.61 ± 1.00 | 0.74a |
Immediately after TFA | 2.75 ± 0.80 | 2.56 ± 0.80 | 0.31a | |
1st hour after TFA | 2.78 ± 0.98 | 2.42 ± 1.02 | 0.13a | |
2nd hour after TFA | 2.36 ± 0.79 | 3.17 ± 0.69 | < 0.001a | |
3rd hour after TFA | 2.06 ± 0.67 | 3.28 ± 0.74 | < 0.001a | |
4th hour after TFA | 1.72 ± 0.56 | 3.39 ± 0.79 | < 0.001a | |
5th hour after TFA | 1.53 ± 0.60 | 3.56 ± 0.77 | < 0.001a | |
6th hour after TFA | 1.36 ± 0.48 | 3.28 ± 0.81 | < 0.001a | |
Between group (F = 71.53, P < 0.001) b | F = 29.53, P < 0.001b | F = 12.95, P < 0.001b | ||
Back pain measurement | Before TFA | 2.19 ± 0.98 | 2.47 ± 0.87 | 0.21a |
Immediately after TFA | 2.33 ± 0.86 | 2.19 ± 0.62 | 0.43a | |
1st hour after TFA | 2.50 ± 0.91 | 2.64 ± 1.07 | 0.55a | |
2nd hour after TFA | 2.42 ± 0.87 | 3.28 ± 0.70 | < 0.001a | |
3rd hour after TFA | 1.89 ± 0.70 | 3.68 ± 0.78 | < 0.001a | |
4th hour after TFA | 1.75 ± 0.64 | 4.11 ± 0.85 | < 0.001a | |
5th hour after TFA | 1.44 ± 0.55 | 4.03 ± 0.91 | < 0.001a | |
6th hour after TFA | 1.25 ± 0.50 | 3.81 ± 1.06 | < 0.001a | |
Between group (F = 45.127, P < 0.001)b | F = 20.98, P < 0.001b | F = 31.89, P < 0.001b | ||
Leg pain measurement | Before TFA | 2.14 ± 0.71 | 2.50 ± 1.08 | 0.370a |
Immediately after TFA | 2.50 ± 0.77 | 2.50 ± 0.84 | 1.00a | |
1st hour after TFA | 2.58 ± 0.90 | 2.86 ± 1.17 | 0.26a | |
2nd hour after TFA | 2.28 ± 0.74 | 3.17 ± 0.69 | < 0.001a | |
3rd hour after TFA | 1.92 ± 0.55 | 3.28 ± 0.74 | < 0.001a | |
4th hour after TFA | 1.64 ± 0.68 | 3.39 ± 0.76 | < 0.001a | |
5th hour after TFA | 1.58 ± 0.55 | 3.56 ± 0.77 | < 0.001a | |
6th hour after TFA | 1.44 ± 0.55 | 3.28 ± 0.81 | < 0.001a | |
Between group (F = 84.50, P < 0.001)b | F = 20.41, P < 0.001b | F = 10.28, P < 0.001b |
Secondary outcomes
Variable | Time | Study group | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Experimental (n = 36) Mean ± SD | Control (n = 36) Mean ± SD | |||
Pulse rate, BPM | Before TFA | 76.64 ± 10.59 | 75.50 ± 10.35 | 0.955a |
Immediately after TFA | 76.31 ± 7.5 | 78.83 ± 10.03 | 0.241a | |
1st hour after TFA | 75.33 ± 10.53 | 76.19 ± 10.60 | 0.731a | |
2nd hour after TFA | 75.23 ± 14.23 | 75.69 ± 10.45 | 0.876a | |
3rd hour after TFA | 76.42 ± 6.86 | 75.50 ± 10.35 | 0.659a | |
4th hour after TFA | 77.69 ± 6.64 | 76.19 ± 10.60 | 0.955a | |
5th hour after TFA | 76.58 ± 7.65 | 74.03 ± 10.26 | 0.235a | |
6th hour after TFA | 76.14 ± 6.87 | 76.36 ± 10.55 | 0.916a | |
Between group (F = 0.103, P = 0.749)b | F = 0.42, P = 0.7b | F = 4.15, P = 0.1b | ||
Respiration rate, bpm | Before TFA | 18.30 ± 2.40 | 19.30 ± 1.77 | 0.55a |
Immediately after TFA | 18.31 ± 2.13 | 18.25 ± 1.77 | 0.042a | |
1st hour after TFA | 18.39 ± 1.47 | 19.31 ± 1.80 | 0.021a | |
2nd hour after TFA | 19.31 ± 1.21 | 19.56 ± 1.15 | 0.374a | |
3rd hour after TFA | 18.83 ± 0.94 | 19.36 ± 1.77 | 0.120a | |
4th hour after TFA | 18.67 ± 2.30 | 19.36 ± 1.77 | 0.157a | |
5th hour after TFA | 19.72 ± 2.27 | 19.31 ± 1.80 | 0.392a | |
6th hour after TFA | 18.56 ± 1.42 | 19.56 ± 1.57 | 1a | |
Between group (F = 2.492, P = 0.119)b | F = 3.96, P = 0.07b | F = 0.87, P = 0.41b | ||
Body temperature, ºC | Before TFA | 36.31 ± 0.46 | 36.50 ± 0.50 | 0.095a |
Immediately after TFA | 36.47 ± 0.50 | 36.42 ± 0.50 | 0.641a | |
1st hour after TFA | 36.42 ± 0.50 | 36.36 ± 0.48 | 0.634a | |
2nd hour after TFA | 36.64 ± 0.48 | 36.50 ± 0.50 | 0.240a | |
3rd hour after TFA | 36.67 ± 0.53 | 36.36 ± 0.48 | 0.013a | |
4th hour after TFA | 36.58 ± 0.55 | 36.50 ± 0.50 | 0.508a | |
5th hour after TFA | 36.56 ± 0.50 | 36.50 ± 0.50 | 0.642a | |
6th hour after TFA | 36.64 ± 0.48 | 36.36 ± 0.48 | 0.018a | |
Between group (F = 2.759, P = 0.101)b | F = 2.15, P = 0.14b | F = 1.09, P = 0.3b | ||
Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | Before TFA | 142.08 ± 16.01 | 143.19 ± 17.10 | 0.777a |
Immediately after TFA | 142.03 ± 14.23 | 141.36 ± 15.82 | 0.851a | |
1st hour after TFA | 146.64 ± 17.61 | 143.56 ± 18.73 | 0.474a | |
2nd hour after TFA | 142.44 ± 14.44 | 141.94 ± 16.23 | 0.891a | |
3rd hour after TFA | 142.31 ± 13.35 | 141.00 ± 18.06 | 0.729a | |
4th hour after TFA | 142.53 ± 12.56 | 143.19 ± 17.10 | 0.851a | |
5th hour after TFA | 140.86 ± 10.89 | 141.94 ± 16.23 | 0.741a | |
6th hour after TFA | 135.53 ± 17.21 | 143.56 ± 18.73 | 0.062a | |
Between group (F = 0.04, P = 0.84)b | F = 2.01, P = 0.11b | F = 1.16, P = 0.29b | ||
Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | Before TFA | 81.80 ± 6.34 | 81.10 ± 8.57 | 0.674a |
Immediately after TFA | 80.00 ± 6.21 | 81.00 ± 8.26 | 0.574a | |
1st hour after TFA | 82.30 ± 14.73 | 81.40 ± 8.45 | 0.755a | |
2nd hour after TFA | 82.40 ± 5.69 | 79.70 ± 7.12 | 0.081a | |
3rd hour after TFA | 82.10 ± 5.15 | 81.10 ± 8.57 | 0.518a | |
4th hour after TFA | 80.50 ± 6.51 | 81.40 ± 8.45 | 0.586a | |
5th hour after TFA | 83.70 ± 5.44 | 79.70 ± 7.12 | 0.09a | |
6th hour after TFA | 82.20 ± 5.59 | 81.10 ± 8.57 | 0.507a | |
Between group (F = 0.60, P = 0.44)b | F = 0.61, P = 0.59b | F = 1.73, P = 1.96b |