Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Journal of Neural Transmission 12/2012

01.12.2012 | Neurology and Preclinical Neurological Studies - Review article

Considerations for measuring iron in post-mortem tissue of Parkinson’s disease patients

verfasst von: Dominic J. Hare, Manfred Gerlach, Peter Riederer

Erschienen in: Journal of Neural Transmission | Ausgabe 12/2012

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Redox-active iron is considered to be an important factor in the pathology and progression of several neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson’s disease. The various roles of iron in normal physiology and its prevalence in the wider environment present numerous challenges to both accurate measurement and interpretation of brain iron levels. This review will discuss considerations for the analysis of iron in post-mortem samples, including how contamination, sample preparation and methods of analysis may influence results. In addition, several important factors influencing interpretation of iron levels will be considered.
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Andrási E, Igaz S, Szoboszlai N, Farkas É, Ajtony Z (1999) Several methods to determine heavy metals in the human brain. Spectrochim Acta B 54:819–825CrossRef Andrási E, Igaz S, Szoboszlai N, Farkas É, Ajtony Z (1999) Several methods to determine heavy metals in the human brain. Spectrochim Acta B 54:819–825CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ashoka S, Peake BM, Bremner G, Hageman KJ, Reid MR (2009) Comparison of digestion methods for ICP-MS determination of trace elements in fish tissues. Anal Chim Acta 653:191–199PubMedCrossRef Ashoka S, Peake BM, Bremner G, Hageman KJ, Reid MR (2009) Comparison of digestion methods for ICP-MS determination of trace elements in fish tissues. Anal Chim Acta 653:191–199PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Becker JS, Niehren S, Matusch A, Wu B, Hsieh HF, Kumtabtim U, Hamester M, Plaschke-Schlütter S, Salber D (2010) Scaling down the bioimaging of metals by laser microdissection inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LMD-ICP-MS). Int J Mass Spectrom 294:1–6CrossRef Becker JS, Niehren S, Matusch A, Wu B, Hsieh HF, Kumtabtim U, Hamester M, Plaschke-Schlütter S, Salber D (2010) Scaling down the bioimaging of metals by laser microdissection inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (LMD-ICP-MS). Int J Mass Spectrom 294:1–6CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bohic S, Murphy K, Paulus W, Cloetens P, Salomé M, Susini J, Double K (2008) Intracellular chemical imaging of the developmental phases of human neuromelanin using synchrotron X-ray microspectroscopy. Anal Chem 80:9557–9566PubMedCrossRef Bohic S, Murphy K, Paulus W, Cloetens P, Salomé M, Susini J, Double K (2008) Intracellular chemical imaging of the developmental phases of human neuromelanin using synchrotron X-ray microspectroscopy. Anal Chem 80:9557–9566PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bornhorst JA, Hunt JW, Urry FM, McMillin GA (2005) Comparison of sample preservation methods for clinical trace element analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Am J Clin Pathol 123:578–583PubMedCrossRef Bornhorst JA, Hunt JW, Urry FM, McMillin GA (2005) Comparison of sample preservation methods for clinical trace element analysis by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Am J Clin Pathol 123:578–583PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Braak H, Tredici KD, Rüb U, de Vos RAI, Jansen Steur ENH, Braak E (2003) Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s disease. Neurobiol Aging 24:197–211PubMedCrossRef Braak H, Tredici KD, Rüb U, de Vos RAI, Jansen Steur ENH, Braak E (2003) Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson’s disease. Neurobiol Aging 24:197–211PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bush VJ, Moyer TP, Batts KP, Parisi JE (1995) Essential and toxic element concentrations in fresh and formalin-fixed human autopsy tissues. Clin Chem 41:284–294PubMed Bush VJ, Moyer TP, Batts KP, Parisi JE (1995) Essential and toxic element concentrations in fresh and formalin-fixed human autopsy tissues. Clin Chem 41:284–294PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Castellani RJ, Siedlak SL, Perry G, Smith MA (2000) Sequestration of iron by Lewy bodies in Parkinson’s disease. Acta Neuropathol 100:111–114PubMedCrossRef Castellani RJ, Siedlak SL, Perry G, Smith MA (2000) Sequestration of iron by Lewy bodies in Parkinson’s disease. Acta Neuropathol 100:111–114PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Chuaanusorn W, Webb J, Macey DJ, Pootrakul P, StPierre TG (1997) The effect of histological processing on the form of iron in iron-loaded human tissues. BBA Mol Basis Dis 1360:255–261CrossRef Chuaanusorn W, Webb J, Macey DJ, Pootrakul P, StPierre TG (1997) The effect of histological processing on the form of iron in iron-loaded human tissues. BBA Mol Basis Dis 1360:255–261CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Clegg M, Keen C, Lönnerdal B, Hurley L (1981) Influence of ashing techniques on the analysis of trace elements in animal tissue. Biol Trace Elem Res 3:107–115CrossRef Clegg M, Keen C, Lönnerdal B, Hurley L (1981) Influence of ashing techniques on the analysis of trace elements in animal tissue. Biol Trace Elem Res 3:107–115CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Cornelis R, Hoste J, Versieck J (1982) Potential interferences inherent in neutron-activation analysis of trace elements in biological materials. Talanta 29:1029–1034PubMedCrossRef Cornelis R, Hoste J, Versieck J (1982) Potential interferences inherent in neutron-activation analysis of trace elements in biological materials. Talanta 29:1029–1034PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dexter DT, Wells FR, Lees AJ, Agid F, Agid Y, Jenner P, Marsden CD (1989) Increased nigral iron content and alterations in other metal ions occurring in brain in Parkinson’s disease. J Neurochem 52:1830–1836PubMedCrossRef Dexter DT, Wells FR, Lees AJ, Agid F, Agid Y, Jenner P, Marsden CD (1989) Increased nigral iron content and alterations in other metal ions occurring in brain in Parkinson’s disease. J Neurochem 52:1830–1836PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Dexter DT, Carayon A, Javoy-Agid F, Agid Y, Wells FR, Daniel SE, Lees AJ, Jenner P, Marsden CD (1991) Alterations in the levels of iron, ferritin and other trace metals in Parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases affecting the basal ganglia. Brain 114:1953–1975PubMedCrossRef Dexter DT, Carayon A, Javoy-Agid F, Agid Y, Wells FR, Daniel SE, Lees AJ, Jenner P, Marsden CD (1991) Alterations in the levels of iron, ferritin and other trace metals in Parkinson’s disease and other neurodegenerative diseases affecting the basal ganglia. Brain 114:1953–1975PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Double KL, Gerlach M, Schünemann V, Trautwein AX, Zecca L, Gallorini M, Youdim MBH, Riederer P, Ben-Shachar D (2003) Iron-binding characteristics of neuromelanin of the human substantia nigra. Biochem Pharmacol 66:489–494PubMedCrossRef Double KL, Gerlach M, Schünemann V, Trautwein AX, Zecca L, Gallorini M, Youdim MBH, Riederer P, Ben-Shachar D (2003) Iron-binding characteristics of neuromelanin of the human substantia nigra. Biochem Pharmacol 66:489–494PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Engstrom E, Stenberg A, Senioukh S, Edelbro R, Baxter DC, Rodushkin I (2004) Multi-elemental characterization of soft biological tissues by inductively coupled plasma-sector field mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 521:123–135CrossRef Engstrom E, Stenberg A, Senioukh S, Edelbro R, Baxter DC, Rodushkin I (2004) Multi-elemental characterization of soft biological tissues by inductively coupled plasma-sector field mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 521:123–135CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Faucheux BA, Martin ME, Beaumont C, Hunot S, Hauw JJ, Agid Y, Hirsch EC (2002) Lack of up-regulation of ferritin is associated with sustained iron regulatory protein-1 binding activity in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson’s disease. J Neurochem 83:320–330PubMedCrossRef Faucheux BA, Martin ME, Beaumont C, Hunot S, Hauw JJ, Agid Y, Hirsch EC (2002) Lack of up-regulation of ferritin is associated with sustained iron regulatory protein-1 binding activity in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson’s disease. J Neurochem 83:320–330PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Faucheux BA, Martin ME, Beaumont C, Hauw JJ, Agid Y, Hirsch EC (2003) Neuromelanin associated redox-active iron is increased in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson’s disease. J Neurochem 86:1142–1148PubMedCrossRef Faucheux BA, Martin ME, Beaumont C, Hauw JJ, Agid Y, Hirsch EC (2003) Neuromelanin associated redox-active iron is increased in the substantia nigra of patients with Parkinson’s disease. J Neurochem 86:1142–1148PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Fenton HJH (1894) Oxidation of tartaric acid in presence of iron. Chem Soc J 65:899–909CrossRef Fenton HJH (1894) Oxidation of tartaric acid in presence of iron. Chem Soc J 65:899–909CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gałazka-Friedman J, Bauminger ER, Friedman A, Barcikowska M, Hechel D, Nowik I (1996) Iron in parkinsonian and control substantia nigra—a mössbauer spectroscopy study. Mov Disord 11:8–16PubMedCrossRef Gałazka-Friedman J, Bauminger ER, Friedman A, Barcikowska M, Hechel D, Nowik I (1996) Iron in parkinsonian and control substantia nigra—a mössbauer spectroscopy study. Mov Disord 11:8–16PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gellein K, Flaten TP, Erikson KM, Aschner M, Syversen T (2008) Leaching of trace elements from biological tissue by formalin fixation. Biol Trace Elem Res 121:221–225PubMedCrossRef Gellein K, Flaten TP, Erikson KM, Aschner M, Syversen T (2008) Leaching of trace elements from biological tissue by formalin fixation. Biol Trace Elem Res 121:221–225PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gerlach M, Ben-Shachar D, Riederer P, Youdim MBH (1994) Altered brain metabolism of iron as a cause of neurodegenerative diseases? J Neurochem 63:793–807PubMedCrossRef Gerlach M, Ben-Shachar D, Riederer P, Youdim MBH (1994) Altered brain metabolism of iron as a cause of neurodegenerative diseases? J Neurochem 63:793–807PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gerlach M, Double K, Riederer P, Hirsch E, Jellinger K, Jenner P, Trautwein A, Youdim MBH (1997) Letter to the editor: iron in the parkinsonian substantia nigra. Mov Disord 12:256–263CrossRef Gerlach M, Double K, Riederer P, Hirsch E, Jellinger K, Jenner P, Trautwein A, Youdim MBH (1997) Letter to the editor: iron in the parkinsonian substantia nigra. Mov Disord 12:256–263CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gerlach M, Double K, Götz M, Youdim M, Riederer P (2006a) The role of iron in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. In: Sigel A, Sigel H, Sigel R (eds) Neurodegenerative diseases and metal ions: metal ions in life science, vol 1. Wiley, Chichester, pp 125–149CrossRef Gerlach M, Double K, Götz M, Youdim M, Riederer P (2006a) The role of iron in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. In: Sigel A, Sigel H, Sigel R (eds) Neurodegenerative diseases and metal ions: metal ions in life science, vol 1. Wiley, Chichester, pp 125–149CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gerlach M, Double KL, Youdim MBH, Riederer P (2006b) Potential sources of increased iron in the substantia nigra of parkinsonian patients. J Neural Transm Suppl 70:133–142 Gerlach M, Double KL, Youdim MBH, Riederer P (2006b) Potential sources of increased iron in the substantia nigra of parkinsonian patients. J Neural Transm Suppl 70:133–142
Zurück zum Zitat Gorell JM, Ordidge RJ, Brown GG, Deniau J-C, Buderer NM, Helpern JA (1995) Increased iron-related MRI contrast in the substantia nigra in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology 45:1138–1143PubMedCrossRef Gorell JM, Ordidge RJ, Brown GG, Deniau J-C, Buderer NM, Helpern JA (1995) Increased iron-related MRI contrast in the substantia nigra in Parkinson’s disease. Neurology 45:1138–1143PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gutteridge JMC, Rowley DA, Halliwell B (1981) Superoxide-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of iron salts—detection of free iron in biological-systems by using bleomycin-dependent degradation of dna. Biochem J 199:263–265PubMed Gutteridge JMC, Rowley DA, Halliwell B (1981) Superoxide-dependent formation of hydroxyl radicals in the presence of iron salts—detection of free iron in biological-systems by using bleomycin-dependent degradation of dna. Biochem J 199:263–265PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Gutteridge JMC, Cao W, Chevion M (1991) Bleomycin-detectable iron in brain-tissue. Free Rad Res Commun 11:317–320CrossRef Gutteridge JMC, Cao W, Chevion M (1991) Bleomycin-detectable iron in brain-tissue. Free Rad Res Commun 11:317–320CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Gwozdz R, Grass F (2004) Contamination by human fingers: the Midas touch. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 259:173–176CrossRef Gwozdz R, Grass F (2004) Contamination by human fingers: the Midas touch. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 259:173–176CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hallgren B, Sourander P (1958) The effect of age on the non-haemin iron in the human brain. J Neurochem 3:41–51PubMedCrossRef Hallgren B, Sourander P (1958) The effect of age on the non-haemin iron in the human brain. J Neurochem 3:41–51PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hare D, Reedy B, Grimm R, Wilkins S, Volitakis I, George J, Cherny RA, Bush AI, Finkelstein DI, Doble P (2009) Quantitative elemental bio-imaging of Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn in 6-hydroxydopamine Parkinsonism mouse models. Metallomics 1:53–58CrossRef Hare D, Reedy B, Grimm R, Wilkins S, Volitakis I, George J, Cherny RA, Bush AI, Finkelstein DI, Doble P (2009) Quantitative elemental bio-imaging of Mn, Fe, Cu and Zn in 6-hydroxydopamine Parkinsonism mouse models. Metallomics 1:53–58CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hare DJ, George JL, Grimm R, Wilkins S, Adlard PA, Cherny RA, Bush AI, Finkelstein DI, Doble P (2010) Three-dimensional elemental bio-imaging of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and P in a 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned mouse brain. Metallomics 2:745–753PubMedCrossRef Hare DJ, George JL, Grimm R, Wilkins S, Adlard PA, Cherny RA, Bush AI, Finkelstein DI, Doble P (2010) Three-dimensional elemental bio-imaging of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn and P in a 6-hydroxydopamine lesioned mouse brain. Metallomics 2:745–753PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hare D, Austin C, Doble P (2012a) Quantification strategies for elemental imaging of biological samples using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Analyst 137:1527–1537PubMedCrossRef Hare D, Austin C, Doble P (2012a) Quantification strategies for elemental imaging of biological samples using laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Analyst 137:1527–1537PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hare DJ, Lee JK, Beavis AD, van Gramberg A, George J, Adlard PA, Finkelstein DI, Doble PA (2012b) Three-dimensional atlas of iron, copper, and zinc in the mouse cerebrum and brainstem. Anal Chem 84:3990–3997PubMedCrossRef Hare DJ, Lee JK, Beavis AD, van Gramberg A, George J, Adlard PA, Finkelstein DI, Doble PA (2012b) Three-dimensional atlas of iron, copper, and zinc in the mouse cerebrum and brainstem. Anal Chem 84:3990–3997PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Harrison WW, Netsky MG, Brown MD (1968) Trace elements in human brain: copper, zinc, iron, and magnesium. Clin Chim Acta 21:55PubMedCrossRef Harrison WW, Netsky MG, Brown MD (1968) Trace elements in human brain: copper, zinc, iron, and magnesium. Clin Chim Acta 21:55PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Hoenig M (2001) Preparation steps in environmental trace element analysis—facts and traps. Talanta 54:1021–1038PubMedCrossRef Hoenig M (2001) Preparation steps in environmental trace element analysis—facts and traps. Talanta 54:1021–1038PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Kakhlon O, Cabantchik ZI (2002) The labile iron pool: characterization, measurement, and participation in cellular processes. Free Rad Biol Med 33:1037–1046PubMedCrossRef Kakhlon O, Cabantchik ZI (2002) The labile iron pool: characterization, measurement, and participation in cellular processes. Free Rad Biol Med 33:1037–1046PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Laxen DPH, Harrison RM (1981) Cleaning methods for polythene containers prior to the determination of trace-metals in fresh-water samples. Anal Chem 53:345–350CrossRef Laxen DPH, Harrison RM (1981) Cleaning methods for polythene containers prior to the determination of trace-metals in fresh-water samples. Anal Chem 53:345–350CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lhermitte J, Kraus WM, McAlpine D (1924) On the occurrence of abnormal deposits of iron in the brain in Parkinsonism with special reference to its localisation. J Neurol Psychopathol 5:195–208PubMedCrossRef Lhermitte J, Kraus WM, McAlpine D (1924) On the occurrence of abnormal deposits of iron in the brain in Parkinsonism with special reference to its localisation. J Neurol Psychopathol 5:195–208PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lux F, Bereznai T, Haeberlin ST (1987) Minimization of the blank values in the neutron-activation analysis of biological samples considering the whole procedure. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 112:161–168CrossRef Lux F, Bereznai T, Haeberlin ST (1987) Minimization of the blank values in the neutron-activation analysis of biological samples considering the whole procedure. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 112:161–168CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat McRae R, Bagchi P, Sumalekshmy S, Fahrni CJ (2009) In situ imaging of metals in cells and tissues. Chem Rev 109:4780–4827PubMedCrossRef McRae R, Bagchi P, Sumalekshmy S, Fahrni CJ (2009) In situ imaging of metals in cells and tissues. Chem Rev 109:4780–4827PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Moody JR, Lindstrom RM (1977) Selection and cleaning of plastic containers for storage of trace element samples. Anal Chem 49:2264–2267CrossRef Moody JR, Lindstrom RM (1977) Selection and cleaning of plastic containers for storage of trace element samples. Anal Chem 49:2264–2267CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Owen AD, Schapira AHV, Jenner P, Marsden CD (1997) Indices of oxidative stress in Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. J Neural Trans Suppl 51:167–173 Owen AD, Schapira AHV, Jenner P, Marsden CD (1997) Indices of oxidative stress in Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease and dementia with Lewy bodies. J Neural Trans Suppl 51:167–173
Zurück zum Zitat Panayi AE, Spyrou NM, Ubertalli LC, White MA, Part P (1999) Determination of trace elements in porcine brain by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, and instrumental neutron activation analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 71–72:529–540PubMedCrossRef Panayi AE, Spyrou NM, Ubertalli LC, White MA, Part P (1999) Determination of trace elements in porcine brain by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry, electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry, and instrumental neutron activation analysis. Biol Trace Elem Res 71–72:529–540PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Quintana C, Bellefqih S, Laval JY, Guerquin-Kern JL, Wu TD, Avila J, Ferrer I, Arranz R, Patino C (2006) Study of the localization of iron, ferritin, and hemosiderin in Alzheimer’s disease hippocampus by analytical microscopy at the subcellular level. J Struct Biol 153:42–54PubMedCrossRef Quintana C, Bellefqih S, Laval JY, Guerquin-Kern JL, Wu TD, Avila J, Ferrer I, Arranz R, Patino C (2006) Study of the localization of iron, ferritin, and hemosiderin in Alzheimer’s disease hippocampus by analytical microscopy at the subcellular level. J Struct Biol 153:42–54PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rahil-Khazen R, Bolann BJ, Myking A, Ulvik RJ (2002a) Multi-element analysis of trace element levels in human autopsy tissues by using inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry technique (ICP-AES). J Trace Elem Med Biol 16:15–25PubMedCrossRef Rahil-Khazen R, Bolann BJ, Myking A, Ulvik RJ (2002a) Multi-element analysis of trace element levels in human autopsy tissues by using inductively coupled atomic emission spectrometry technique (ICP-AES). J Trace Elem Med Biol 16:15–25PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Rahil-Khazen R, Bolann BJ, Ulvik RJ (2002b) Correlations of trace element levels within and between different normal autopsy tissues analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Biometals 15:87–98PubMedCrossRef Rahil-Khazen R, Bolann BJ, Ulvik RJ (2002b) Correlations of trace element levels within and between different normal autopsy tissues analyzed by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). Biometals 15:87–98PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Riederer P, Sofic E, Rausch WD, Schmidt B, Reynolds GP, Jellinger K, Youdim MBH (1989) Transition-metals, ferritin, glutathione, and ascorbic-acid in parkinsonian brains. J Neurochem 52:515–520PubMedCrossRef Riederer P, Sofic E, Rausch WD, Schmidt B, Reynolds GP, Jellinger K, Youdim MBH (1989) Transition-metals, ferritin, glutathione, and ascorbic-acid in parkinsonian brains. J Neurochem 52:515–520PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Schapira AH, Jenner P (2011) Etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord 26:1049–1055PubMedCrossRef Schapira AH, Jenner P (2011) Etiology and pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. Mov Disord 26:1049–1055PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Schrag M, Dickson A, Jiffry A, Kirsch D, Vinters HV, Kirsch W (2010) The effect of formalin fixation on the levels of brain transition metals in archived samples. Biometals 23:1123–1127PubMedCrossRef Schrag M, Dickson A, Jiffry A, Kirsch D, Vinters HV, Kirsch W (2010) The effect of formalin fixation on the levels of brain transition metals in archived samples. Biometals 23:1123–1127PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sian-Hülsmann J, Mandel S, Youdim MBH, Riederer P (2011) The relevance of iron in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. J Neurochem 118:939–957PubMedCrossRef Sian-Hülsmann J, Mandel S, Youdim MBH, Riederer P (2011) The relevance of iron in the pathogenesis of Parkinson’s disease. J Neurochem 118:939–957PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Sofic E, Riederer P, Heinsen H, Beckmann H, Reynolds GP, Hebenstreit G, Youdim MBH (1988) Increased iron (III) and total iron content in post mortem substantia nigra of parkinsonian brain. J Neural Transm 74:199–205PubMedCrossRef Sofic E, Riederer P, Heinsen H, Beckmann H, Reynolds GP, Hebenstreit G, Youdim MBH (1988) Increased iron (III) and total iron content in post mortem substantia nigra of parkinsonian brain. J Neural Transm 74:199–205PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Versieck J (1983) Biological sample collection and preparation for trace element analysis. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 2:110–113CrossRef Versieck J (1983) Biological sample collection and preparation for trace element analysis. TrAC Trends Anal Chem 2:110–113CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Versieck J, Barbier F, Cornelis R, Hoste J (1982) Sample contamination as a source of error in trace-element analysis of biological samples. Talanta 29:973–984PubMedCrossRef Versieck J, Barbier F, Cornelis R, Hoste J (1982) Sample contamination as a source of error in trace-element analysis of biological samples. Talanta 29:973–984PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Versieck J, Vanballenberghe L, De Kesel A, Van Renterghem D (1987) Accuracy of biological trace-element determinations. Biol Trace Elem Res 12:45–54CrossRef Versieck J, Vanballenberghe L, De Kesel A, Van Renterghem D (1987) Accuracy of biological trace-element determinations. Biol Trace Elem Res 12:45–54CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Wypijewska A, Galazka-Friedman J, Bauminger ER, Wszolek ZK, Schweitzer KJ, Dickson DW, Jaklewicz A, Elbaum D, Friedman A (2010) Iron and reactive oxygen species activity in parkinsonian substantia nigra. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 16:329–333PubMedCrossRef Wypijewska A, Galazka-Friedman J, Bauminger ER, Wszolek ZK, Schweitzer KJ, Dickson DW, Jaklewicz A, Elbaum D, Friedman A (2010) Iron and reactive oxygen species activity in parkinsonian substantia nigra. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 16:329–333PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Xu X, Wang Q, Zhang M (2008) Age, gender, and hemispheric differences in iron deposition in the human brain: an in vivo MRI study. Neuroimage 40:35–42PubMedCrossRef Xu X, Wang Q, Zhang M (2008) Age, gender, and hemispheric differences in iron deposition in the human brain: an in vivo MRI study. Neuroimage 40:35–42PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zecca L, Pietra R, Goj C, Mecacci C, Radice D, Sabbioni E (1994) Iron and other metals in neuromelanin, substantia nigra, and putamen of human brain. J Neurochem 62:1097–1101PubMedCrossRef Zecca L, Pietra R, Goj C, Mecacci C, Radice D, Sabbioni E (1994) Iron and other metals in neuromelanin, substantia nigra, and putamen of human brain. J Neurochem 62:1097–1101PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zecca L, Gallorini M, Schünemann V, Trautwein AX, Gerlach M, Riederer P, Vezzoni P, Tampellini D (2001) Iron, neuromelanin and ferritin content in the substantia nigra of normal subjects at different ages: consequences for iron storage and neurodegenerative processes. J Neurochem 76:1766–1773PubMedCrossRef Zecca L, Gallorini M, Schünemann V, Trautwein AX, Gerlach M, Riederer P, Vezzoni P, Tampellini D (2001) Iron, neuromelanin and ferritin content in the substantia nigra of normal subjects at different ages: consequences for iron storage and neurodegenerative processes. J Neurochem 76:1766–1773PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zecca L, Stroppolo A, Gatti A, Tampellini D, Toscani M, Gallorini M, Giaveri G, Arosio P, Santambrogio P, Fariello RG (2004a) The role of iron and copper molecules in the neuronal vulnerability of locus coeruleus and substantia nigra during aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:9843PubMedCrossRef Zecca L, Stroppolo A, Gatti A, Tampellini D, Toscani M, Gallorini M, Giaveri G, Arosio P, Santambrogio P, Fariello RG (2004a) The role of iron and copper molecules in the neuronal vulnerability of locus coeruleus and substantia nigra during aging. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101:9843PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zecca L, Youdim MBH, Riederer P, Connor JR, Crichton RR (2004b) Iron, brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders. Nat Rev Neurosci 5:863–873PubMedCrossRef Zecca L, Youdim MBH, Riederer P, Connor JR, Crichton RR (2004b) Iron, brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders. Nat Rev Neurosci 5:863–873PubMedCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Zecca L, Zucca FA, Toscani M, Adorni F, Giaveri G, Rizzio E, Gallorini M (2005) Iron, copper and their proteins in substantia nigra of human brain during aging. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 263:733–737CrossRef Zecca L, Zucca FA, Toscani M, Adorni F, Giaveri G, Rizzio E, Gallorini M (2005) Iron, copper and their proteins in substantia nigra of human brain during aging. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 263:733–737CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Considerations for measuring iron in post-mortem tissue of Parkinson’s disease patients
verfasst von
Dominic J. Hare
Manfred Gerlach
Peter Riederer
Publikationsdatum
01.12.2012
Verlag
Springer Vienna
Erschienen in
Journal of Neural Transmission / Ausgabe 12/2012
Print ISSN: 0300-9564
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-1463
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00702-012-0898-4

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 12/2012

Journal of Neural Transmission 12/2012 Zur Ausgabe

Basic Neurosciences, Genetics and Immunology - Original Article

Swainsonine as a lysosomal toxin affects dopaminergic neurons

Neurology and Preclinical Neurological Studies - Short communication

The history of the research of iron in parkinsonian substantia nigra

Leitlinien kompakt für die Neurologie

Mit medbee Pocketcards sicher entscheiden.

Seit 2022 gehört die medbee GmbH zum Springer Medizin Verlag

Sind Frauen die fähigeren Ärzte?

30.04.2024 Gendermedizin Nachrichten

Patienten, die von Ärztinnen behandelt werden, dürfen offenbar auf bessere Therapieergebnisse hoffen als Patienten von Ärzten. Besonders gilt das offenbar für weibliche Kranke, wie eine Studie zeigt.

Akuter Schwindel: Wann lohnt sich eine MRT?

28.04.2024 Schwindel Nachrichten

Akuter Schwindel stellt oft eine diagnostische Herausforderung dar. Wie nützlich dabei eine MRT ist, hat eine Studie aus Finnland untersucht. Immerhin einer von sechs Patienten wurde mit akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall diagnostiziert.

Niedriger diastolischer Blutdruck erhöht Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Komplikationen

25.04.2024 Hypotonie Nachrichten

Wenn unter einer medikamentösen Hochdrucktherapie der diastolische Blutdruck in den Keller geht, steigt das Risiko für schwere kardiovaskuläre Ereignisse: Darauf deutet eine Sekundäranalyse der SPRINT-Studie hin.

Frühe Alzheimertherapie lohnt sich

25.04.2024 AAN-Jahrestagung 2024 Nachrichten

Ist die Tau-Last noch gering, scheint der Vorteil von Lecanemab besonders groß zu sein. Und beginnen Erkrankte verzögert mit der Behandlung, erreichen sie nicht mehr die kognitive Leistung wie bei einem früheren Start. Darauf deuten neue Analysen der Phase-3-Studie Clarity AD.

Update Neurologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.