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Erschienen in: Osteoporosis International 2/2019

07.01.2019 | LETTER TO THE EDITOR

Correspondence in response to OSIN-D-18-00831 quantifying imminent risk

verfasst von: J.A. Kanis, H. Johansson, N.C. Harvey, M. Lorentzon, E. Liu, F. Borgström, E.V. McCloskey

Erschienen in: Osteoporosis International | Ausgabe 2/2019

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Excerpt

We thank Drs. Geusens and van den Bergh for their interest in our paper. We agree that quantifying imminent risk is an important next step. However, there are several factors that need to be considered that impact on such a development, including the following:
  • The recency of a sentinel fracture. As we report [1], the magnitude of “imminent” risk reduces with time, and thus the timing of the index fracture prior to assessment, be it one day, one week or one year, is critical.
  • The age at fracture. A prior fracture history is a significant risk factor for fracture at all ages, but the relative risk is highest at younger ages and decreases progressively with age [2].
  • Age dependency of imminent risk. A recent population-based study showed that the phenomenon of immediate risk was also age-dependent, the transient effect being more evident at older ages [3].
  • The site of sentinel fracture [1].
  • Sex. The difference in risk is greater for men than for women for all ages [1]
  • The non-linear mortality following a hip or vertebral fracture [4, 5].
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Kanis JA, Johansson H, Odén A, Harvey NC, Gudnason V, Sanders K, Sigurdsson G, Siggeirsdottir K, Borgström F, McCloskey EV (2018) Characteristics of recurrent fractures. Osteoporos Int 29:1747–1757CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kanis JA, Johansson H, Odén A, Harvey NC, Gudnason V, Sanders K, Sigurdsson G, Siggeirsdottir K, Borgström F, McCloskey EV (2018) Characteristics of recurrent fractures. Osteoporos Int 29:1747–1757CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
2.
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Zurück zum Zitat Johansson H, Siggeirsdóttir K, Harvey NC, Odén A, Gudnason V, McCloskey E, Sigurdsson G, Kanis JA (2017) Imminent risk of fracture after fracture. Osteoporos Int 28:775–780CrossRefPubMed Johansson H, Siggeirsdóttir K, Harvey NC, Odén A, Gudnason V, McCloskey E, Sigurdsson G, Kanis JA (2017) Imminent risk of fracture after fracture. Osteoporos Int 28:775–780CrossRefPubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat Kanis JA, Oden A, Johnell O, De Laet C, Jonsson B, Oglesby AK (2003) The components of excess mortality after hip fracture. Bone 32:468–473CrossRefPubMed Kanis JA, Oden A, Johnell O, De Laet C, Jonsson B, Oglesby AK (2003) The components of excess mortality after hip fracture. Bone 32:468–473CrossRefPubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat Kanis JA, Oden A, Johnell O, De Laet C, Jonsson B (2004) Excess mortality after hospitalisation for vertebral fractures. Osteoporos Int 15:108–112CrossRefPubMed Kanis JA, Oden A, Johnell O, De Laet C, Jonsson B (2004) Excess mortality after hospitalisation for vertebral fractures. Osteoporos Int 15:108–112CrossRefPubMed
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Zurück zum Zitat Kanis JA, Odén A, McCloskey EV, Johansson H, Wahl D, Cyrus Cooper C, on behalf of the IOF Working Group on Epidemiology and Quality of Life (2012) A systematic review of hip fracture incidence and probability of fracture worldwide. Osteoporos Int 23:2239–2256CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kanis JA, Odén A, McCloskey EV, Johansson H, Wahl D, Cyrus Cooper C, on behalf of the IOF Working Group on Epidemiology and Quality of Life (2012) A systematic review of hip fracture incidence and probability of fracture worldwide. Osteoporos Int 23:2239–2256CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
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Zurück zum Zitat Kanis JA, on behalf of the World Health Organization Scientific Group (2007) Assessment of osteoporosis at the primary health-care level. Technical Report. World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield. Accessed https://www.shef.ac.uk/FRAX/reference.aspx 2 October 2018 Kanis JA, on behalf of the World Health Organization Scientific Group (2007) Assessment of osteoporosis at the primary health-care level. Technical Report. World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield. Accessed https://​www.​shef.​ac.​uk/​FRAX/​reference.​aspx 2 October 2018
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Kanis JA, Harvey NC, Cooper C, Johansson H, Odén A, McCloskey EV (2016) A systematic review of intervention thresholds based on FRAX. Arch Osteoporos 11:25CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Kanis JA, Harvey NC, Cooper C, Johansson H, Odén A, McCloskey EV (2016) A systematic review of intervention thresholds based on FRAX. Arch Osteoporos 11:25CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
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Zurück zum Zitat National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2017) TA 464: Bisphosphonates for treating osteoporosis. Technology appraisal guidance 464. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, London. nice.org.uk/guidance/ta464 National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2017) TA 464: Bisphosphonates for treating osteoporosis. Technology appraisal guidance 464. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence, London. nice.​org.​uk/guidance/ta464
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Metadaten
Titel
Correspondence in response to OSIN-D-18-00831 quantifying imminent risk
verfasst von
J.A. Kanis
H. Johansson
N.C. Harvey
M. Lorentzon
E. Liu
F. Borgström
E.V. McCloskey
Publikationsdatum
07.01.2019
Verlag
Springer London
Erschienen in
Osteoporosis International / Ausgabe 2/2019
Print ISSN: 0937-941X
Elektronische ISSN: 1433-2965
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-018-4796-y

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