Introduction
Methods
Study design and population
Statistics
Results
Variables | COPD (n = 810) | Non COPD (n = 14,876) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Age, years—median, IQR) | 68 (61–76) | 62 (54–71) | < 0.001 |
Age > 75 year—n. (%) | 229 (28.3) | 2711 (18.2) | < 0.001 |
Male gender—n. (%) | 603 (74.4) | 11,269 (75.8) | 0.398 |
Diabetes mellitus—n (%) | 235 (29.0) | 3526 (23.7) | 0.001 |
Hypertension—n (%) | 545 (67.3) | 8095 (54.4) | < 0.001 |
Hypercholesterolemia—n (%) | 412 (50.9) | 5824 (39.2) | < 0.001 |
Active smoker—n (%) | 567 (70.0) | 7963 (53.5) | < 0.001 |
Family history of CAD—n (%) | 150 (18.5) | 3013 (20.3) | 0.231 |
Previous STEMI—n (%) | 127 (15.7) | 1374 (9.2) | < 0.001 |
Previous PCI—n (%) | 160 (19.8) | 1781 (12.0) | < 0.001 |
Previous CABG—n (%) | 20 (2.5) | 242 (1.6) | 0.068 |
Geographic area | < 0.001 | ||
Europe n (%) | 725 (89.5) | 11,692 (78.6) | |
Latin-America—n (%) | 61 (7.5) | 1289 (8.7) | |
South East Asia—n (%) | 21 (2.6) | 1272 (8.6) | |
North Africa—n (%) | 3 (0.4) | 623 (4.2) | |
Referral to primary PCI hospital | 0.388 | ||
Ambulance (from community)—n (%) | 383 (47.5) | 7136 (48.0) | |
HUB—n (%) | 215 (26.5) | 4175 (28.1) | |
Spoke—n (%) | 210 (25.9) | 3565 (24.0) | |
Time delays | |||
Ischemia time, minutes—median (IQR)* | 210 (129–370) | 210 (121–379) | 0.786 |
Total Ischemia time > 12 h—n (%) | 89 (11.0) | 1527 (10.3) | 0.510 |
Door-to-balloon time, minutes—median (IQR)* | 40 (26–60) | 40 (25–70) | 0.709 |
Door-to-balloon time > 30 min (%)—n (%) | 506 (62.5) | 9102 (61.2) | 0.465 |
Clinical presentation | |||
Anterior STEMI—n (%) | 335 (41.4) | 6940 (46.7) | 0.003 |
Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest—n (%) | 48 (5.9) | 908 (6.1) | 0.953 |
Cardiogenic shock—n (%) | 83 (10.2) | 1081 (7.3) | 0.007 |
Rescue PCI for failed thrombolysis—n (%) | 50 (6.2) | 1049 (7.1) | 0.340 |
Variables | COPD (n = 810) | Non COPD (n = 14,876) | P-value |
---|---|---|---|
Radial access (%) | 648 (80.0) | 1456 (77.0) | 0.048 |
Culprit vessel | 0.009 | ||
Left main—n (%) | 17 (2.1) | 224 (1.5) | |
LAD—n (%) | 328 (40.5) | 6872 (46.2) | |
Circumflex—n (%) | 151 (18.6) | 2134 (14.3) | |
RCA—n (%) | 308 (38.0) | 5532 (37.2) | |
Anterolateral branch—n (%) | 2 (0.2) | 39 (0.3) | |
SVG—n (%) | 4 (0.5) | 75 (0.5) | |
In-stent thrombosis—n (%) | 48 (5.9) | 560 (3.8) | 0.002 |
Multivessel disease—n (%) | 426 (52.6) | 7371 (49.5) | 0.239 |
Preprocedural TIMI 0 flow—n (%) | 513 (63.3) | 9967 (67.0) | 0.031 |
Thrombectomy—n (%) | 151 (18.6) | 2412 (16.2) | 0.069 |
Stenting—n (%) | 753 (93.0) | 13,647 (91.7) | 0.456 |
Drug-eluting stent—n (%) | 730 (90.1) | 13,163 (88.5) | 0.153 |
Postprocedural TIMI 3 flow—n (%) | 745 (92.0) | 13,692 (92.0) | 0.954 |
Gp IIb–IIIa inhibitors/Cangrelor—n (%) | 189 (23.3) | 3050 (20.5) | 0.053 |
Bivalirudin—n (%) | 2 (0.2) | 33 (0.2) | 0.883 |
Mechanical support—n (%) | 32 (4.0) | 459 (3.1) | 0.169 |
Additional PCI | 0.584 | ||
During the index procedure—n (%) | 75 (9.3) | 1305 (8.8) | |
Staged—n (%) | 94 (11.6) | 1583 (10.6) | |
DAPT therapy—n (%) | 795 (98.1) | 14,717 (98.9) | 0.038 |