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Erschienen in:
01.01.2008 | Original Paper
Cyclooxygenase-2 expression on ifosfamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis in rats
Erschienen in: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology | Ausgabe 1/2008
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Purpose
Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is a limiting side effect of chemotherapy with ifosfamide (IFS). In this study, we investigated the participation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) upon ifosfamide-induced HC.
Methods
Male Wistar rats (150–200 g; six rats per group) were treated with saline, IFS (400 mg/kg, i.p.) and analyzed by changes in bladder wet weight, macroscopic and microscopic parameters, and COX-2 expression. In other groups etoricoxib (selective COX-2 inhibitor), indomethacin (non-selective COX inhibitor), thalidomide (selective TNF-α inhibitor), pentoxifyllin (non-selective TNF-α inhibitor) were added 1 h before IFS administration. The classical protocol using three doses of Mesna was also evaluated and compared with two extra doses of etoricoxib or indomethacin.
Results
COX-2 was expressed significantly 24 h after IFS administration mainly in myofibroblasts and mast cells evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Treatment 1 h before IFS injection with etoricoxib, indomethacin, thalidomide, and pentoxifylline reduced COX-2 expression and some macroscopic and microscopic parameters in IFS-induced HC. Moreover, addition of etoricoxib or indomethacin with the last two doses of Mesna was more efficient than three doses of Mesna alone when evaluated microscopically.
Conclusions
COX-2 participates in the pathogenesis of IFS-induced HC and the treatment with COX and TNF-α inhibitors reduced COX-2 expression. The addition of COX-inhibitors to the last two doses of Mesna represents a new therapeutic strategy of preventing HC.