Background
Methods
Sample
Instruments
Data analysis
Targeting
Ordering of item thresholds
Item fit
Differential item functioning (DIF)
Local independence
Unidimensionality
Reliability
Rasch model based (logit) scores and their benefit
Results
Descriptive characteristics of the sample
Characteristics |
n (%) |
---|---|
PWD: | |
Sex | |
Male | 682 (47.8) |
Female | 746 (52.2) |
Age | |
< 73 | 352 (24.6) |
73–78 | 334 (23.4) |
79–83 | 352 (24.6) |
> 83 | 390 (27.3) |
Ethnicity | |
White/White British | 1343 (94.0) |
Other ethnicity | 78 (5.5) |
Missing | 7 |
Deprivation quintilesa
| |
1 – least deprived | 349 (24.9) |
2 | 299 (21.4) |
3 | 280 (20.0) |
4 | 253 (18.1) |
5 – most deprived | 219 (15.6) |
Missing | 28 |
Cognitive functionb
| |
MMSE score < 24 | 701 (58.7) |
MMSE score ≥ 24 | 494 (41.3) |
Missing | 233 |
Number of comorbiditiesc
| |
0 | 315 (22.1) |
1 | 376 (26.3) |
2 | 332 (23.2) |
3 | 232 (16.2) |
4 or more | 173 (12.2) |
Missing | 6 |
Carer: | |
Sex | |
Male | 312 (30.5) |
Female | 710 (69.5) |
Age (y) | |
< 57 | 245 (24.0) |
57–67 | 254 (24.9) |
68–76 | 272 (26.6) |
> 76 | 251 (24.6) |
Ethnicity | |
White/White British | 958 (95.2) |
Other ethnicity | 48 (4.8) |
Missing | 16 |
Relationship | |
Husband/wife/partner | 615 (61.0) |
Son/daughter | 295 (29.2) |
Son/daughter-in-law | 25 (2.5) |
Sibling | 14 (1.4) |
Other relative | 28 (2.8) |
Friend | 16 (1.6) |
Neighbour | 7 (0.7) |
Other | 9 (0.9) |
Missing | 13 |
Living with relative/friend | |
Yes | 683 (68.0) |
No | 321 (32.0) |
Missing | 18 |
Overall fit to the model
Targeting
Original item sets (DEMQOL and DEMQOL-Proxy)
Smaller item sets (DEMQOL and DEMQOL-Proxy)
Ordering of item thresholds
Original item sets (DEMQOL and DEMQOL-Proxy)
Smaller item sets (DEMQOL and DEMQOL-Proxy)
Item fit
Original item sets (DEMQOL and DEMQOL-Proxy)
Item | Location | Fit Residual | ChiSq |
p
| DIF | Item residual correlations | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r
| Correlation with item | ||||||
1. Cheerful | 0.480 | 0.452 | 2.08 | 0.99 |
ns
| 0.36, 0.27, 0.21, 0.20, 0.07, 0.04 | 3, 5, 10, 6, 12, 7 |
2. Worried or anxious | 0.160 | 0.413 | 6.07 | 0.73 |
ns
| 0.22, 0.18, 0.10, 0.08, 0.01, 0.01 | 9, 4, 7, 14, 11, 12 |
3. Enjoying life | 0.322 | 1.340 | 4.46 | 0.88 | ns | 0.36, 0.30, 0.25, 0.21, 0.06, 0.05, 0.04 | 1, 10, 6, 5, 12, 8, 7 |
4. Frustrated | 0.352 | −0.645 | 2.86 | 0.97 |
ns
| 0.18, 0.17, 0.15, 0.14, 0.07, 0.07 | 2, 11, 12, 9, 7, 13 |
5. Confident | 0.578 | 1.129 | 5.46 | 0.79 |
ns
| 0.27, 0.21, 0.18, 0.18, 0.02 | 1, 3, 6, 10, 9 |
6. Full of energy | 1.244 |
4.014
| 11.68 | 0.23 |
ns
| 0.53, 0.25, 0.20, 0.18, 0.07, 0.01 | 10, 3, 1, 5, 13, 12 |
7. Sad | −0.108 | −1.561 | 6.79 | 0.66 |
ns
| 0.17, 0.15, 0.15, 0.10, 0.07, 0.04, 0.04, 0.01 | 12, 8, 9, 2, 4, 1, 3, 11 |
8. Lonely | −0.380 | 0.916 | 3.25 | 0.95 |
ns
| 0.39, 0.15, 0.14, 0.05, 0.04 | 20, 7, 12, 3, 9 |
9. Distressed | −0.563 |
−3.047
| 9.83 | 0.36 |
ns
| 0.22, 0.15, 0.14, 0.10, 0.07, 0.04, 0.02 | 2, 7, 4, 12, 11, 8, 5 |
10. Lively | 1.340 |
5.076
| 17.35 | 0.04 |
ns
| 0.53, 0.30, 0.21, 0.18, 0.02, 0.01 | 6, 3, 1, 5, 12, 13 |
11. Irritable | −0.177 | −0.343 | 2.89 | 0.97 |
ns
| 0.17, 0.15, 0.07, 0.04, 0.01, 0.01 | 4, 12, 9, 13, 2, 7 |
12. Fed-up | 0.227 | −2.171 | 6.69 | 0.67 |
ns
| 0.17, 0.15, 0.15, 0.14, 0.10, 0.07, 0.06, 0.04, 0.02, 0.01, 0.01 | 7, 4, 11, 8, 9, 1, 3, 13, 10, 2, 6 |
13. Things you wanted but couldn’t | 0.633 | 1.526 | 7.15 | 0.62 |
ns
| 0.07, 0.07, 0.04, 0.04, 0.01, 0.01 | 4, 6, 11, 12, 10, 26 |
14. Forgetting happened recently | 0.454 | −0.907 | 3.93 | 0.92 |
ns
| 0.21, 0.18, 0.12, 0.12, 0.11, 0.08, 0.04, 0.04 | 17, 19, 15, 18, 2, 24, 27 |
15. Forgetting who people are | −0.197 |
3.299
| 8.56 | 0.48 |
ns
| 0.17, 0.15, 0.13, 0.13, 0.12, 0.08, 0.06 | 17, 16, 18, 19, 14, 24, 26 |
16. Forgetting what day it is | −0.034 |
3.399
| 7.23 | 0.61 |
ns
| 0.18, 0.15, 0.11, 0.07, 0.05, 0.03 | 17, 15, 14, 19, 18, 26 |
17. Thoughts being muddled | −0.046 | −1.890 | 4.96 | 0.84 |
ns
| 0.28, 0.21, 0.18, 0.18, 0.17, 0.12, 0.07 | 19, 14, 16, 18, 15, 24, 27 |
18. Difficulty making decisions | −0.267 |
−2.999
| 7.47 | 0.59 |
ns
| 0.20, 0.18, 0.13, 0.12, 0.06, 0.05, 0.02, 0.01, 0.01 | 19, 17, 15, 14, 24, 16, 21, 23, 25 |
19. Poor concentration | 0.117 | −1.781 | 5.91 | 0.75 |
ns
| 0.28, 0.20, 0.18, 0.13, 0.08, 0.07, 0.05, 0.02, 0.02, 0.01 | 17, 18, 14, 15, 24, 16, 28, 25, 27, 21 |
20. Not having enough company | −0.572 | −0.572 | 2.85 | 0.97 |
ns
| 0.39, 0.10, 0.09, 0.04, 0.03 | 8, 22, 25, 23, 21 |
21. Get on with people close to you | −0.567 | −0.592 | 3.87 | 0.92 |
ns
| 0.46, 0.15. 0.10, 0.09, 0.03, 0.02, 0.02, 0.01, 0.01 | 22, 24, 23, 25, 20, 18, 27, 19, 28 |
22. Getting the affection you want | −0.663 | 0.959 | 5.59 | 0.78 |
ns
| 0.46, 0.11, 0.10, 0.10, 0.07, 0.02, 0.02, 0.01 | 21, 25, 20, 23, 24, 26, 28, 27 |
23. People not listening to you | −0.630 | −1.712 | 4.10 | 0.90 |
ns
| 0.21, 0.10, 0.10, 0.09, 0.04, 0.02, 0.01 | 24, 21, 22, 25, 20, 28, 18 |
24. Making yourself understood | −0.490 | −1.645 | 4.00 | 0.91 |
ns
| 0.21, 0.15, 0.12, 0.09, 0.08, 0.08, 0.07, 0.06, 0.04, 0.02, 0.01 | 23, 21, 17, 25, 15, 19, 22, 18, 14, 28, 26 |
25. Getting help when needed | −0.663 |
−3.235
| 6.27 | 0.71 |
ns
| 0.11, 0.09, 0.09, 0.09, 0.09, 0.06, 0.04, 0.02, 0.02, 0.01 | 22, 20, 21, 23, 24, 28, 26, 19, 27, 18 |
26. Getting to the toilet in time | −0.429 |
2.661
| 15.41 | 0.08 |
ns
| 0.06, 0.04, 0.03, 0.02, 0.02, 0.02, 0.01, 0.01 | 15, 25, 16, 6, 22, 28, 13, 24 |
27. How you feel in yourself | −0.170 |
−5.376
| 19.98 | 0.02 |
ns
| 0.22, 0.07, 0.04, 0.02, 0.02, 0.02, 0.01 | 28, 17, 14, 19, 21, 25, 22 |
28. Overall health | 0.047 | −2.102 | 7.97 | 0.54 |
ns
| 0.22, 0.06, 0.05, 0.02, 0.02, 0.02, 0.02, 0.01 | 27, 25, 19, 22, 23, 24, 26, 21 |
Item | Location | Fit Residual | ChiSq |
p
| DIF | Item residual correlations | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r
| Correlation with item | ||||||
1. Cheerful | 0.154 | −0.545 | 6.31 | 0.71 |
ns
| 0.42, 0.36, 0.28, 0.27, 0.22, 0.20, 0.11, 0.07 | 8, 6, 4, 11, 5, 10, 9, 7 |
2. Worried or anxious | 0.469 | −0.437 | 8.04 | 0.53 |
ns
| 0.34, 0.32, 0.28, 0.21, 0.17, 0.12, 0.04 | 3, 7, 5, 10, 9, 12, 6 |
3. Frustrated | 0.410 | −1.346 | 7.24 | 0.61 |
ns
| 0.34, 0.34, 0.31, 0.29, 0.25, 0.08, 0.05 | 2, 9, 10, 7, 5, 12, 6 |
4. Full of energy | 1.439 |
3.763
| 19.31 | 0.02 |
ns
| 0.66, 0.28, 0.26, 0.19, 0.07, 0.06 | 8, 4, 11, 6, 31, 10 |
5. Sad | --0.485 |
−2.889
| 15.30 | 0.08 |
ns
| 0.39, 0.31, 0.28, 0.25, 0.22, 0.17, 0.15, 0.09, 0.06, 0.02 | 10, 7, 2, 3, 1, 9, 6, 11, 8, 28 |
6. Content | 0.332 | 0.831 | 6.14 | 0.73 |
ns
| 0.36, 0.26, 0.23, 0.19, 0.19, 0.15, 0.07, 0.05, 0.04 | 1, 8, 11, 4, 10, 5, 9, 3, 2 |
7. Distressed | --0.564 |
−3.147
| 14.07 | 0.12 |
ns
| 0.32, 0.31, 0.29, 0.25, 0.23, 0.09, 0.07, 0.01 | 2, 5, 3, 10, 9, 6, 1, 16 |
8. Lively | 1.299 |
4.383
| 23.41 | 0.01 |
ns
| 0.66, 0.42, 0.37, 0.26, 0.11, 0.06, 0.02 | 4, 1, 11, 6, 10, 5, 31 |
9. Irritable | --0.094 | 0.040 | 4.74 | 0.86 | PWD sex PWD age Relation | 0.34, 0.30, 0.23, 0.17, 0.17, 0.11, 0.07 | 3, 10, 7, 2, 5, 1, 6 |
10. Fed-up | 0.126 |
−3.633
| 16.44 | 0.06 |
ns
| 0.39, 0.31, 0.30, 0.25, 0.21, 0.20, 0.19, 0.11, 0.10, 0.06, 0.03 | 5, 3, 9, 7, 2, 1, 6, 8, 11, 4, 28 |
11. Things to look forward to | 0.470 |
4.110
| 26.13 | 0.00 |
ns
| 0.37, 0.27, 0.26, 0.23, 0.05, 0.01 | 8, 1, 4, 6, 28, 17 |
12. Memory in general | 0.503 | 1.733 | 7.16 | 0.62 |
ns
| 0.18, 0.12, 0.09, 0.08, 0.04, 0.04, 0.02, 0.01 | 14, 2, 15, 3, 18, 31, 13, 29 |
13. Forgetting happened long ago | −0.587 |
4.393
| 19.07 | 0.02 |
ns
| 0.16, 0.06, 0.05, 0.04, 0.03, 0.02, 0.02, 0.02 | 15, 16, 27, 25, 14, 12, 20, 24 |
14. Forgetting happened recently | 1.257 | 0.481 | 1.98 | 0.99 |
ns
| 0.30, 0.26, 0.26, 0.18, 0.18, 0.06, 0.03, 0.03, 0.01 | 15, 17, 18, 12, 19, 16, 13, 27, 26 |
15. Forgetting people’s names | 0.523 |
2.785
| 10.10 | 0.34 |
ns
| 0.30, 0.17, 0.16, 0.12, 0.09, 0.09, 0.07, 0.07, 0.02, 0.01 | 14, 17, 13, 16, 12, 18, 19, 20, 27, 25 |
16. Forgetting where he/she is | −0.984 | −1.341 | 5.45 | 0.79 |
ns
| 0.24, 0.18, 0.12, 0.09, 0.06, 0.06, 0.05, 0.03, 0.01 | 17, 18, 12, 19, 13, 14, 20, 23, 7 |
17. Forgetting what day it is | 0.301 | 1.954 | 5.52 | 0.79 | Severity | 0.30, 0.26, 0.24, 0.17, 0.17, 0.04, 0.01 | 18, 14, 16, 15, 19, 23, 11 |
18. Thoughts being muddled | 0.437 |
−3.998
| 23.64 | 0.00 |
ns
| 0.39, 0.30, 0.26, 0.18, 0.17, 0.09, 0.04, 0.03 | 19, 17, 14, 16, 20, 15, 12, 26 |
19. Difficulty making decisions | 0.299 |
−3.794
| 16.87 | 0.05 |
ns
| 0.39, 0.19, 0.18, 0.17, 0.09, 0.09, 0.07, 0.03, 0.02 | 18, 20, 14, 17, 16, 26, 15, 27, 25 |
20. Making him/herself understood | −0.334 |
3.519
| 0.54 | 1.00 |
ns
| 0.19, 0.17, 0.07, 0.05, 0.05, 0.02, 0.02, 0.01, 0.01 | 19, 18, 15, 16, 27, 13, 25, 21, 24 |
21. Keeping him/herself clean | −0.860 | 1.746 | 7.57 | 0.58 |
ns
| 0.64, 0.13, 0.09, 0.05, 0.04, 0.03, 0.01, 0.01 | 22, 23, 24, 31, 29, 26, 20, 30 |
22. Keeping him/herself looking nice | −0.814 | 2.051 | 6.38 | 0.70 |
ns
| 0.64, 0.15, 0.08, 0.05, 0.05, 0.02, 0.01, 0.01 | 21, 23, 29, 24, 31, 30, 25, 27 |
23. Getting from the shops | −0.615 | −1.029 | 2.99 | 0.96 |
ns
| 0.26, 0.15, 0.13, 0.11, 0.09, 0.06, 0.04, 0.03 | 24, 22, 21, 25, 27, 26, 17, 16 |
24. Using money to pay | −0.688 | −0.991 | 5.64 | 0.78 |
ns
| 0.49, 0.26, 0.11, 0.09, 0.08, 0.05, 0.02, 0.01 | 25, 23, 27, 21, 26, 22, 13, 20 |
25. Looking after finances | −0.418 | 1.519 | 9.45 | 0.40 |
ns
| 0.49, 0.17, 0.11, 0.05, 0.04, 0.02, 0.02, 0.01, 0.01 | 24, 27, 23, 26, 13, 19, 20, 15, 22 |
26. Things taking longer | 0.246 |
−3.239
| 12.97 | 0.16 |
ns
| 0.15, 0.15, 0.09, 0.09, 0.08, 0.08, 0.06, 0.05, 0.03, 0.03, 0.01 | 27, 30, 19, 29, 24, 31, 23, 25, 18, 21, 14 |
27. Getting in touch with people | −0.593 | −1.469 | 5.18 | 0.82 |
ns
| 0.17, 0.15, 0.14, 0.11, 0.10, 0.09, 0.06, 0.05, 0.05, 0.03, 0.03, 0.02, 0.01 | 25, 26, 29, 24, 28, 23, 30, 13, 20, 14, 19, 15, 22 |
28. Not having enough company | −0.487 | 0.784 | 5.75 | 0.76 | PWD sex Carer age Relation | 0.10, 0.05, 0.03, 0.02 | 27, 11, 10, 5 |
29. Not able help other people | −0.593 | 0.668 | 3.07 | 0.96 |
ns
| 0.41, 0.14, 0.09, 0.09, 0.08, 0.04, 0.01 | 30, 27, 26, 28, 22, 21, 12 |
30. Not playing useful part | −0.368 |
−3.119
| 10.01 | 0.35 |
ns
| 0.41, 0.15, 0.11, 0.06, 0.02, 0.01 | 29, 26, 28, 27, 22, 21 |
31. His/her physical health | 0.218 | 0.854 | 2.33 | 0.99 |
ns
| 0.18, 0.14, 0.08, 0.07, 0.05, 0.05, 0.04, 0.02 | 30, 29, 26, 4, 21, 22, 12, 8 |
Smaller item sets (DEMQOL and DEMQOL-Proxy)
Item | Location | Fit Residual | ChiSq |
p
| DIF | Item residual correlations | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r
| Correlation with item | ||||||
2. Worried or anxious | 0.349 | 0.886 | 3.54 | 0.94 |
ns
| 0.21, 0.15, 0.08, 0.02 | 9, 4, 7, 14 |
4. Frustrated | 0.546 | 0.257 | 2.66 | 0.98 |
ns
| 0.15, 0.15, 0.14, 0.12, 0.06, 0.06 | 2, 11, 12, 7, 13 |
7. Sad | 0.080 | −0.255 | 6.58 | 0.68 |
ns
| 0.18, 0.15, 0.14, 0.08, 0.06, 0.01 | 12, 8, 9, 2, 4, 11 |
8. Lonely | −0.206 | 2.222 | 5.59 | 0.78 |
ns
| 0.40, 0.15, 0.15, 0.04 | 20, 7, 12, 9 |
9. Distressed | −0.391 | −2.395 | 7.04 | 0.63 |
ns
| 0.21, 0.14, 0.12, 0.10, 0.05, 0.04 | 2, 7, 4, 12, 11, 8 |
11. Irritable | 0.007 | 0.361 | 1.66 | 1.00 |
ns
| 0.15, 0.14, 0.05, 0.02, 0.01 | 4, 12, 9, 11, 7 |
12. Fed-up | 0.425 | 0.361 | 2.20 | 0.99 |
ns
| 0.18, 0.15, 0.14, 0.14, 0.10, 0.04 | 7, 8, 4, 11, 9, 13 |
13. Things you wanted but couldn’t | 0.829 |
4.077
| 12.51 | 0.19 |
ns
| 0.06, 0.04, 0.02, 0.01 | 4, 12, 11, 26 |
14. Forgetting happened recently | 0.654 | −1.100 | 4.43 | 0.88 |
ns
| 0.15, 0.12, 0.08, 0.06, 0.06, 0.02 | 17, 19, 18, 15, 16, 2 |
15. Forgetting who people are | −0.043 |
2.511
| 6.68 | 0.67 |
ns
| 0.11, 0.10, 0.08, 0.07, 0.06, 0.02, 0.02 | 17, 16, 18, 19, 15, 24, 26 |
16. Forgetting what day it is | 0.135 |
4.339
| 11.45 | 0.25 |
ns
| 0.12, 0.10, 0.06, 0.03, 0.02, 0.02 | 17, 15, 14, 19, 18, 26 |
17. Thoughts being muddled | 0.126 | −2.376 | 8.27 | 0.51 |
ns
| 0.22, 0.15, 0.13, 0.12, 0.11, 0.06, 0.03 | 19, 14, 18, 16, 15, 24, 27 |
18. Difficulty making decisions | −0.103 |
−2.777
| 8.08 | 0.53 |
ns
| 0.16, 0.13, 0.08, 0.08, 0.02, 0.02 | 19, 17, 14, 15, 16, 24 |
19. Poor concentration | 0.298 | −2.338 | 6.86 | 0.65 |
ns
| 0.22, 0.16, 0.12, 0.07, 0.03, 0.02 | 17, 18, 14, 15, 16, 24 |
20. Not having enough company | −0.415 | −0.981 | 5.01 | 0.83 |
ns
| 0.40, 0.07, 0.07, 0.02 | 8, 22, 25, 23 |
21. Get on with people close to you | −0.422 | −1.291 | 5.21 | 0.82 |
ns
| 0.41, 0.11, 0.06, 0.06 | 22, 24, 23, 25 |
22. Getting the affection you want | −0.525 | 0.328 | 6.63 | 0.68 |
ns
| 0.41, 0.07, 0.07, 0.07, 0.03 | 21, 20, 23, 25, 24 |
23. People not listening to you | −0.479 | −0.989 | 5.73 | 0.77 |
ns
| 0.17, 0.07, 0.06, 0.04, 0.02 | 24, 22, 21, 25, 20 |
24. Making yourself understood | −0.337 | −1.792 | 4.27 | 0.89 |
ns
| 0.17, 0.11, 0.06, 0.06, 0.03, 0.02, 0.02, 0.02 | 23, 21, 17, 25, 22, 15, 18, 19 |
25. Getting help when needed | −0.511 |
−2.833
| 5.07 | 0.83 |
ns
| 0.07, 0.07, 0.06, 0.06, 0.04, 0.03, 0.02 | 20, 22, 21, 24, 23, 28, 26 |
26. Getting to the toilet in time | −0.267 |
3.543
| 17.96 | 0.04 |
ns
| 0.02, 0.02, 0.02, 0.01 | 15, 16, 25, 13 |
27. How you feel in yourself | 0.016 |
−4.440
| 14.24 | 0.11 |
ns
| 0.21, 0.03 | 28, 17 |
28. Overall health | 0.232 | −1.848 | 6.27 | 0.71 |
ns
| 0.21, 0.03 | 27, 25 |
Item | Location | Fit Residual | ChiSq |
p
| DIF | Item residual correlations | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
r
| Correlation with item | ||||||
2. Worried or anxious | 0.637 | 0.278 | 3.76 | 0.93 |
ns
| 0.33, 0.32, 0.29, 0.23, 0.16, 0.08 | 3, 7, 5, 10, 9, 12 |
3. Frustrated | 0.574 | −0.677 | 4.27 | 0.89 |
ns
| 0.34, 0.33, 0.33, 0.29, 0.26, 0.04 | 9, 2, 10, 7, 5, 12 |
5. Sad | −0.330 | −1.455 | 7.01 | 0.64 |
ns
| 0.42, 0.32, 0.29, 0.26, 0.20, 0.06, 0.01 | 10, 7, 2, 3, 9, 28, 31 |
7. Distressed | −0.425 | −2.095 | 6.48 | 0.69 |
ns
| 0.32, 0.32, 0.29, 0.27, 0.24 | 2, 5, 3, 10, 9 |
9. Irritable | 0.052 | 0.919 | 3.07 | 0.96 | PWD sex PWD age Relation | 0.34, 0.32, 0.24, 0.20 | 3, 10, 7, 5 |
10. Fed-up | 0.287 | −1.249 | 3.05 | 0.96 |
ns
| 0.42, 0.33, 0.32, 0.27, 0.23, 0.08, 0.02 | 5, 3, 9, 7, 2, 28, 31 |
12. Memory in general | 0.664 | 1.529 | 6.49 | 0.69 |
ns
| 0.13, 0.08, 0.04, 0.04, 0.03 | 14, 2, 3, 15, 31 |
13. Forgetting happened long ago | −0.467 |
4.704
| 19.16 | 0.02 |
ns
| 0.13, 0.04, 0.01 | 15, 16, 27 |
14. Forgetting happened recently | 1.462 | 0.373 | 4.66 | 0.86 |
ns
| 0.26, 0.22, 0.22, 0.14, 0.13, 0.05 | 15, 17, 18, 19, 12, 16 |
15. Forgetting people’s names | 0.684 |
2.627
| 8.42 | 0.49 |
ns
| 0.26, 0.14, 0.13, 0.10, 0.04, 0.04, 0.03, 0.03 | 14, 17, 13, 16, 12, 18, 19, 20 |
16. Forgetting where he/she is | −0.866 | −0.539 | 5.87 | 0.75 |
ns
| 0.23, 0.16, 0.10, 0.07, 0.05, 0.04, 0.03 | 17, 18, 15, 19, 14, 13, 20 |
17. Forgetting what day it is | 0.451 | 2.045 | 4.86 | 0.85 | Severity | 0.27, 0.23, 0.22, 0.14, 0.14 | 18, 16, 14, 15, 19 |
18. Thoughts being muddled | 0.604 |
−3.813
| 25.07 | 0.00 | Age | 0.36, 0.27, 0.22, 0.16, 0.14, 0.04 | 19, 17, 14, 16, 20, 15 |
19. Difficulty making decisions | 0.458 |
−3.475
| 15.15 | 0.09 |
ns
| 0.36, 0.16, 0.14, 0.14, 0.07, 0.05, 0.03 | 18, 20, 14, 17, 16, 26, 15 |
20. Making him/herself understood | −0.201 | 2.456 | 3.60 | 0.94 |
ns
| 0.16, 0.14, 0.03, 0.03, 0.01 | 19, 18, 15, 16, 27 |
21. Keeping him/herself clean | −0.744 | 2.423 | 7.96 | 0.54 |
ns
| 0.64, 0.10, 0.06, 0.04, 0.02, 0.02 | 22, 23, 24, 31, 26, 29 |
22. Keeping him/herself looking nice | −0.702 | 2.008 | 9.74 | 0.37 |
ns
| 0.64, 0.11, 0.05, 0.05, 0.02 | 21, 23, 29, 31, 24 |
23. Getting from the shops | −0.501 | −0.922 | 3.61 | 0.94 |
ns
| 0.23, 0.11, 0.10, 0.07, 0.06, 0.03 | 24, 22, 21, 25, 27, 26 |
24. Using money to pay | −0.578 | −1.365 | 5.59 | 0.78 |
ns
| 0.47, 0.23, 0.08, 0.06, 0.04, 0.02 | 25, 23, 27, 21, 26, 22 |
25. Looking after finances | −0.304 | 0.915 | 9.25 | 0.41 |
ns
| 0.47, 0.13, 0.07 | 24, 27, 23 |
26. Things taking longer | 0.402 |
−2.987
| 13.39 | 0.15 |
ns
| 0.13, 0.11, 0.07, 0.07, 0.05, 0.04, 0.03, 0.02 | 30, 27, 29, 31, 19, 24, 23, 21 |
27. Getting in touch with people | −0.472 | −1.684 | 6.39 | 0.70 |
ns
| 0.13, 0.11, 0.11, 0.08, 0.08, 0.06, 0.03, 0.01, 0.01 | 25, 26, 29, 24, 27, 23, 30, 13, 20 |
28. Not having enough company | −0.352 | 2.197 | 7.79 | 0.56 | PWD sex Carer age Relation | 0.10, 0.08, 0.08, 0.08, 0.06, 0.01 | 30, 10, 27, 29, 5, 31 |
29. Not able help other people | −0.472 | 1.136 | 5.80 | 0.76 |
ns
| 0.39, 0.14, 0.11, 0.08, 0.07, 0.05, 0.02 | 30, 31, 27, 28, 26, 22, 21 |
30. Not playing useful part | −0.231 | −2.067 | 8.27 | 0.51 |
ns
| 0.39, 0.18, 0.13, 0.10, 0.03 | 29, 31, 26, 28, 27 |
31. His/her physical health | 0.369 |
2.762
| 9.22 | 0.42 |
ns
| 0.18, 0.14, 0.07, 0.05, 0.04, 0.03, 0.02, 0.01 | 30, 29, 26, 22, 21, 12, 10, 5 |