Introduction
Method
Study setting
Patients and methods
Inclusion and exclusion criteria for selecting of sample
Direct medical costs
Direct nonmedical costs
Indirect costs
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Number of days because of disability of the patient and companions including time spent receiving outpatient and inpatient services such as travel time, days of hospitalization, number of days of recovery after discharge.
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Job loss as a result of illness.
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Number of days spent in the hospital and nursing at home, number of days of disability of family, relatives, and friends due to patient care.
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The rate (percentage) of decrease in patient income due to illness.
Results
Determinants of AIDS
Demographic characteristics | Male number(percentage) | Female number (percentage) | |
---|---|---|---|
90(57.32) | 67 (42.68) | ||
Age | Under 5 years | 0 | 2 (2.99) |
5 to 17 years | 5 (5.56) | 6 (8.96) | |
18 to 29 years | 2 (2.22) | 6 (8.96) | |
30 to 59 years | 75 (83.33) | 49 (73.13) | |
upper 60 years | 8 (8.89) | 4 (5.97) | |
Place of residence of the patient in terms of urban/rural | Urban | 85(94.44) | 59(88.06) |
Rural | 5(5.56) | 8(11.94) | |
Marital status | married | 44(48.89) | 40(59.70) |
Divorced | 22(24.44) | 6(8.96) | |
deceased wife | 4(4.44) | 13(19.44) | |
Single | 20(20.22) | 8(11.94) | |
Education | illiterate | 3(3.33) | 9(13.43) |
High school | 61(67.78) | 41(61.19) | |
diploma | 23(25.56) | 15((22.39) | |
College education | 3(3.33) | 2(2.99) | |
Job change due to disease | yes | 16(17.78) | 8(11.94) |
no | 74(82.22) | 59(88.06) | |
Unemployment due to HIV | yes | 14(15.56) | 8(11.94) |
no | 76(84.44) | 59(88.06) | |
Having insurance | yes | 70(77.78) | 59(88.06) |
no | 20(22.22) | 8(11.94) | |
Insurance type | no insurance | 20(22.22) | 8(11.94) |
Iranian health insurance | 48(53.33) | 41(61.19) | |
social security insurance | 20(22.22) | 17(25.37) | |
Armed forces insurance | 2(2.22) | 1(1.49) | |
Supplementary insurance | yes | 8(8.89) | 4(5.97) |
no | 82(91.11) | 63(94.03) | |
Head of Household | yes | 62(68.89) | 14(20.90) |
no | 28(31.11) | 53(79.10) | |
Fixed place to live | yes | 87(96.67) | 64(95.52) |
no | 3(3.33) | 3(4.48) |
Characteristics | Male | Female | |
---|---|---|---|
number (percentage) | number (percentage) | ||
90(57.32) | 67 (42.68) | ||
Stage of the disease | 1 | 76(84.44) | 59(88.06) |
2 | 6(6.67) | 4(5.97) | |
3 | 6(6.67) | 4(5.97) | |
4 | 2(2.22) | 0 |
Characteristics | Male | Female | |
---|---|---|---|
number (percentage) | number (percentage) | ||
90(57.32) | 67 (42.68) | ||
Transmission category | Injecting drug use | 32(35.56) | 1(1.49) |
Unsafe sex | 40(44.44) | 8(11.94) | |
Transmission through an infected spouse | 3(3.33) | 41(61.19) | |
Transmission from Mother-to-child | 6(6.67) | 9(13.43) | |
Transmitted through blood | 2(2.22) | 3(4.48) | |
Transmission through dental visits | 1(1.11) | 0 | |
Transmission through tattoos | 0 | 1(1.49) | |
Unknown | 6(6.67) | 4(5.97) |
Characteristics | male | female | |
---|---|---|---|
number (percentage) | number (percentage) | ||
90(57.32) | 67 (42.68) | ||
Having a history of addiction | yes | 60(66.67) | 5(7.46) |
no | 30(33.33) | 62(92.54) | |
Having a history of injection | yes | 39(43.33) | 3(4.48) |
no | 51(56.67) | 64(95.52) | |
Having a history of joint injection | yes | 29(32.22) | 2(2.99) |
no | 61(67.78) | 65(97.01) | |
Having a prison record | yes | 54(60.00) | 4(5.97) |
no | 36(40.00) | 63(94.03) | |
Having unsafe sex | yes | 57(63.33) | 13(19.40) |
no | 33(36.67) | 54(80.60) | |
History of sexual relations with non-spouse | yes | 55(61.11) | 12(17.91) |
no | 35(38.89) | 55(82.09) | |
Having multiple sexual partners | yes | 35(38.89) | 8(11.94) |
no | 55(61.11) | 59(88.06) | |
History of venereal disease | yes | 8(8.89) | 2(2.99) |
no | 82(91.11) | 65(97.01) |
Cost
Type of service | Average direct medical costs per patient)patient share( | Average direct medical costs per patient )Government Share( | Total direct medical costs )Patient share( | Total direct medical costs )Government share( | Total direct medical costs )Patient and government costs( |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Specialist visit | 2.07 ± 3.58 | 3.02 ± 1.17 | 303.95 | 471.37 | 775.33 |
Medicine | 25.46 ± 53.27 | 44.51 ± 15.15 | 3350.65 | 6988.67 | 10339.32 |
Psychologist | 0 | 9.18 ± 0.74 | 0 | 1193.77 | 1193.77 |
Midwife visit | 0.12 ± 0.43 | 1.07 ± 0.57 | 3.58 | 30.21 | 33.79 |
Experiments | 5.41 ± 13.34 | 60.89 ± 55.69 | 636.60 | 8464.61 | 9101.22 |
Dental | 62.52 ± 77.87 | 0 | 770.52 | 0 | 770.52 |
Emergency services | 5.65 ± 4.75 | 0 | 130.01 | 0 | 130.01 |
Radiology | 18.68 ± 22.48 | 0 | 276.68 | 0 | 276.68 |
Sonography | 5.92 ± 6.26 | 0 | 44.37 | 0 | 44.37 |
Physiotherapy | 132.88 ± 159.69 | 0 | 398.64 | 0 | 398.64 |
Hospitalization | 116.48 ± 147.90 | 5.51 ± 19.86 | 1485.67 | 71.63 | 1557.31 |
Chemotherapy | 130.73 ± 0 | 0 | 130.73 | 0 | 130.73 |
Condom | 1.59 ± 2.62 | 4.18 ± 4.07 | 130.98 | 355.66 | 486.64 |
Methadone | 8.43 ± 0.82 | 46.41 ± 5.08 | 210.60 | 1253.08 | 1463.68 |
Type of service | Total number of days lost | Average per patient(day) | Average cost lost during 6 months per patient | Total cost lost during 6 months |
---|---|---|---|---|
Days lost due to illness (patient) | 4989 | 31.7 | 848.28 ± 1696.90 | 11583.48 |
Days lost due to illness (accompanying the patient) | 48 | 0.3 | 8.40 ± 27.07 | 57.06 |
Days lost due to illness (Caring for the patient) | 371 | 2.3 | 37.23 ± 310.34 | 1154.01 |
Total | 5408 | 34.4 | 745.49 | 12794.56 |
Type of service | Addiction | No addiction |
---|---|---|
Direct medical costs(Patient share) | 65.05 ± 115.83 | 51.31 ± 106.03 |
Direct medical costs(Government share) | 129.57 ± 70.6 | 113.11 ± 55.44 |
Direct nonmedical costs(Patient share) | 23.07 ± 67.50 | 31.65 ± 44.30 |
Direct nonmedical costs(Government share) | 0 | 0 |
Days lost due to illness(patient) | 1313.33 ± 2039.29 | 519.72 ± 1322.05 |
Days lost due to illness (accompanying the patient) | 1.70 ± 7.09 | 13.14 ± 34.14 |
Days lost due to illness (Caring for the patient) | 41.65 ± 287.18 | 34.11 ± 327.22 |
The percentage of attracting income to HIV AIDS | 0.2 ± 0.33 | 0.19 ± 0.3 |
The percentage of income reduction due to HIV AIDS | 0.44 ± 0.42 | 0.18 ± 0.33 |