Background
Methods
Data source and settings
Study population
Data collection and patient outcomes
Prognostic variable selection, handling missing data, and sample size estimation
Statistical analysis
Results
Patient characteristics
Parameters | Total (N = 740) | Final diagnosis | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
OBGY diseases (N = 65) | Menstrual pain (N = 51) | Digestive diseases (N = 489) | Urological diseases (N = 31) | Others (N = 104) | ||
Age, median, (IQR) | 30 (23.0–39.0) | 30 (22.0–40.5) | 24 (20.0–32.0) | 30 (23.0–39.0) | 33 (24.0–41.0) | 31 (23.0–39.75) |
< 20 years, n, (%) | 76 (10.3%) | 3 (4.6%) | 6 (11.8%) | 56 (11.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 11 (10.6%) |
20–29 | 278 (37.6%) | 25 (38.5) | 28 (54.9%) | 176 (36.0%) | 12 (38.7%) | 37 (35.6%) |
30–39 | 205 (27.7%) | 19 (29.2%) | 9 (17.6%) | 136 (27.8%) | 11 (35.5%) | 30 (28.8%) |
> 40 | 181 (24.5%) | 18 (27.7%) | 8 (15.7%) | 121 (24.7%) | 8 (25.8%) | 26 (25.0%) |
How to visit | ||||||
Walk in, n, (%) | 591 (79.9%) | 47 (72.3%) | 16 (31.4%) | 412 (84.3%) | 26 (83.9%) | 14 (13.5%) |
Ambulance | 149 (20.1%) | 18 (27.7%) | 35 (68.6%) | 77 (15.7%) | 5 (16.1%) | 90 (86.5%) |
Past medical history of OBGY diseases | ||||||
Yes, n, (%) | 153 (20.7%) | 32 (49.2%) | 14 (27.5%) | 84 (17.2%) | 4 (12.9%) | 19 (18.3%) |
No | 587 (79.3%) | 33 (50.8%) | 37 (72.5%) | 405 (82.8%) | 27 (87.1%) | 85 (81.7%) |
Other symptoms | ||||||
Digestive symptoms, n, (%) | 292 (39.5%) | 7 (10.8%) | 5 (9.8%) | 250 (51.1%) | 8 (25.8%) | 22 (21.2%) |
Fever | 32 (4.3%) | 2 (3.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 26 (5.3%) | 1 (3.2%) | 3 (2.9%) |
Nothing | 386 (52.2%) | 56 (86.2%) | 45 (88.2%) | 203 (41.5%) | 13 (41.9%) | 68 (65.4%) |
Other | 30 (4.1%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (2.0%) | 10 (2.0%) | 9 (29.0%) | 11 (10.6%) |
Atypical genital bleeding, n, (%) | 2 (0.3%) | 1 (1.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.0%) |
Peritoneal irritation signs, n, (%) | 119 (16.1%) | 30 (46.2%) | 2 (3.9%) | 79 (16.2%) | 2 (6.5%) | 6 (5.8%) |
Admission, n, (%) | 81 (10.9%) | 22 (33.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 56 (11.5%) | 1 (3.2%) | 2 (1.9%) |
Emergency operation, n, (%) | 38 (5.1%) | 14 (21.5%) | 0 (0.0%) | 24 (4.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Details of OBGY diseases | N = 65 |
---|---|
Rupture of ovarian tumor | 12 (18.5%) |
PID | 12 (18.5%) |
Ovarian bleeding | 8 (12.3%) |
Adnexal torsion | 7 (10.8%) |
Uterine myoma | 6 (9.2%) |
Ovulation pain | 5 (7.7%) |
Ectopic pregnancy | 3 (4.6%) |
Malignant tumor | 1 (1.5%) |
Abortion | 1 (1.5%) |
Other | 10 (15.4%) |
Performance and internal validation of the model
Predictors | β coefficient | CORs (95% CI) | β coefficient | AORs (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Past history of OBGY disease | 0.75 | 4.44 (2.63–7.50) | 0.65 | 3.69 (2.11–6.47) |
Noother symptoms | 0.88 | 5.78 (2.90–11.54) | 0.80 | 4.95 (2.43–10.10) |
Peritoneal irritation signs | 0.87 | 5.64 (3.30–9.65) | 0.80 | 4.96 (2.80–8.79) |
Score cut off | TP | FP | TN | FN | Sensitivity (95%CI) | Specificity (95%CI) | LR+ (95%CI) | LR- (95%CI) | PPV (95%CI) | NPV (95%CI) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3/2 | 15 | 9 | 666 | 50 | 0.23 (0.13–0.33) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 17.30 (7.88–37.99) | 0.78 (0.68–0.89) | 0.63 (0.43–0.82) | 0.93 (0.91–0.95) |
2/1 | 39 | 119 | 556 | 26 | 0.60 (0.48–0.72) | 0.82 (0.79–0.85) | 3.40 (2.63–4.40) | 0.49 (0.36–0.66) | 0.25 (0.18–0.31) | 0.96 (0.94–0.97) |
1/0 | 63 | 411 | 264 | 2 | 0.97 (0.92–1.00) | 0.39 (0.35–0.43) | 1.59 (1.48–1.71) | 0.08 (0.02–0.31) | 0.13 (0.10–0.16) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) |