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07.01.2016 | Original Article

Dispositional Mindfulness Predicts Enhanced Smoking Cessation and Smoking Lapse Recovery

verfasst von: Whitney L. Heppner, Ph.D., Claire Adams Spears, Ph.D., Virmarie Correa-Fernández, Ph.D., Yessenia Castro, Ph.D., Yisheng Li, Ph.D., Beibei Guo, Ph.D., Lorraine R. Reitzel, Ph.D., Jennifer Irvin Vidrine, Ph.D., Carlos A. Mazas, Ph.D., Ludmila Cofta-Woerpel, Ph.D., Paul M. Cinciripini, Ph.D., Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Ph.D., David W. Wetter, Ph.D.

Erschienen in: Annals of Behavioral Medicine | Ausgabe 3/2016

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Abstract

Background

Although mindfulness has been hypothesized to promote health behaviors, no research has examined how dispositional mindfulness might influence the process of smoking cessation.

Purpose

The current study investigated dispositional mindfulness, smoking abstinence, and recovery from a lapse among African American smokers.

Methods

Participants were 399 African Americans seeking smoking cessation treatment (treatments did not include any components related to mindfulness). Dispositional mindfulness and other psychosocial measures were obtained pre-quit; smoking abstinence was assessed 3, 31 days, and 26 weeks post-quit.

Results

Individuals higher in dispositional mindfulness were more likely to quit smoking both initially and over time. Moreover, among individuals who had lapsed at day 3, those higher in mindfulness were more likely to recover abstinence by the later time points. The mindfulness-early abstinence association was mediated by lower negative affect, lower expectancies to regulate affect via smoking, and higher perceived social support.

Conclusions

Results suggest that mindfulness might enhance smoking cessation among African American smokers by operating on mechanisms posited by prominent models of addiction.

We also explored the possibility that trait mindfulness might moderate the effects of treatment (palmtop computer-delivered treatment vs. treatment-as-usual) on abstinence. In an unadjusted model predicting abstinence over time, the Treatment Group X MAAS effect was not significant (OR = 0.70, p = 0.237, 95 % CI = 0.39, 1.26). The Treatment Group X MAAS effect was also not significant when controlling for time (OR = 0.66, p = 0.23, 95 % CI = 0.33, 1.31), or when adjusting for demographics and tobacco use (OR = .79, p = 0.43, 95 % CI = 0.44, 1.41). The effect of MAAS on abstinence remained significant in all models (all OR’s > 1.55, all p’s < 0.05).

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Titel: Dispositional Mindfulness Predicts Enhanced Smoking Cessation and Smoking Lapse Recovery
verfasst von: Whitney L. Heppner, Ph.D.
Claire Adams Spears, Ph.D.
Virmarie Correa-Fernández, Ph.D.
Yessenia Castro, Ph.D.
Yisheng Li, Ph.D.
Beibei Guo, Ph.D.
Lorraine R. Reitzel, Ph.D.
Jennifer Irvin Vidrine, Ph.D.
Carlos A. Mazas, Ph.D.
Ludmila Cofta-Woerpel, Ph.D.
Paul M. Cinciripini, Ph.D.
Jasjit S. Ahluwalia, Ph.D.
David W. Wetter, Ph.D.
Publikationsdatum: 07.01.2016
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Annals of Behavioral Medicine / Ausgabe 3/2016
Print ISSN: 0883-6612
Elektronische ISSN: 1532-4796
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12160-015-9759-3

Springer Medizin

Dispositional Mindfulness Predicts Enhanced Smoking Cessation and Smoking Lapse Recovery