nach oben

Erschienen in:

2020 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

5. Dissoziative Anfälle

verfasst von : Stoyan Popkirov

Erschienen in: Funktionelle neurologische Störungen

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Zusammenfassung

Dissoziative Anfälle sind plötzlich auftretende und zeitlich begrenzte Störungen der Wahrnehmung und der Bewegungskontrolle, die äußerlich anderen neurologischen Paroxysmen wie epileptischen Anfällen oder Synkopen ähneln können. Allerdings liegt dissoziativen Anfällen weder eine neuronale Hypersynchronisation noch eine zerebrale Minderdurchblutung zugrunde, sondern eine komplexe neurokognitive Dysfunktion. Sie machen etwa 10 % aller „Krampfanfälle“ im Rettungsdienst aus und sind eine häufige Diagnose an Epilepsie-Zentren. Die Diagnose erfolgt anhand der charakteristischen Semiologie. Entsprechend dem klinischen Bild kann eine weiterführende Diagnostik mittels Video-EEG und Kipptisch-Untersuchung zur sicheren Abgrenzung von anderen neurologischen Paroxysmen notwendig sein. Die Ätiologie ist multifaktoriell. Moderne Krankheitsmodelle sehen in den Anfällen eine maladaptive Verhaltensschablone, die unter bestimmten Umständen (z. B. Belastung oder Suggestion) reflexartig ausgeführt wird. Psychotherapie gilt als Mittel der Wahl.

Asadi-Pooya AA (2015) Neurobiological origin of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a review of imaging studies. Epilepsy Behav 52(Pt A):256–259. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.09.020CrossRefPubMed

Asadi-Pooya AA, Tinker J, Fletman EW (2017) How variable are psychogenic nonepileptic seizures? A retrospective semiological study. J Neurol Sci 377:85–87. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jns.2017.03.054CrossRefPubMed

Avbersek A, Sisodiya S (2010) Does the primary literature provide support for clinical signs used to distinguish psychogenic nonepileptic seizures from epileptic seizures? J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 81(7):719–725. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2009.197996CrossRefPubMed

Bahrami Z, Homayoun M, Asadi-Pooya AA (2019) Why is psychogenic nonepileptic seizure diagnosis missed? A retrospective study. Epilepsy Behav 97:135–137. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2019.06.001CrossRefPubMed

Benbadis SR (2005) A spell in the epilepsy clinic and a history of „chronic pain“ or „fibromyalgia“ independently predict a diagnosis of psychogenic seizures. Epilepsy Behav 6(2):264–265. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2004.12.007CrossRefPubMed

Benbadis SR, Allen Hauser W (2000) An estimate of the prevalence of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Seizure 9(4):280–281. https://doi.org/10.1053/seiz.2000.0409CrossRefPubMed

Benbadis SR, Siegrist K, Tatum WO, Heriaud L, Anthony K (2004) Short-term outpatient EEG video with induction in the diagnosis of psychogenic seizures. Neurology 63(9):1728–1730. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000143273.18099.50CrossRefPubMed

Bermeo-Ovalle A, Kanner AM (2018) Comorbidities in Psychogenic Nonepileptic Seizures. In: Gates and Rowan’s Nonepileptic Seizures. S 245–256. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316275450.024

Bonini F, McGonigal A, Trebuchon A, Gavaret M, Bartolomei F, Giusiano B, Chauvel P (2014) Frontal lobe seizures: from clinical semiology to localization. Epilepsia 55(2):264–277. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12490CrossRefPubMed

Bowman ES (2018) Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Abuse, and Trauma. In: Gates and Rowan’s Nonepileptic Seizures. S 231–244. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316275450.023

Bowman ES, Markand ON (1996) Psychodynamics and psychiatric diagnoses of pseudoseizure subjects. Am J Psychiatry 153(1):57–63. https://doi.org/10.1176/ajp.153.1.57CrossRefPubMed

Breuer J, Freud S (1895) Studien über Hysterie. F. Deuticke, Wien

Brigo F, Igwe SC, Erro R, Bongiovanni LG, Marangi A, Nardone R, Tinazzi M, Trinka E (2015) Postictal serum creatine kinase for the differential diagnosis of epileptic seizures and psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: a systematic review. J Neurol 262(2):251–257. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-014-7369-9CrossRefPubMed

Brigo F, Storti M, Lochner P, Tezzon F, Fiaschi A, Bongiovanni LG, Nardone R (2012) Tongue biting in epileptic seizures and psychogenic events: an evidence-based perspective. Epilepsy Behav 25(2):251–255. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2012.06.020CrossRefPubMed

Briquet P (1859) Traité clinique et thérapeutique de l’hystérie. J.-B, Baillière et fils

Brown RJ, Reuber M (2016) Towards an integrative theory of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES). Clin Psychol Rev 47:55–70. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2016.06.003CrossRefPubMed

Bullock KD, Mirza N, Forte C, Trockel M (2015) Group dialectical-behavior therapy skills training for conversion disorder with seizures. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 27(3):240–243. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.13120359CrossRefPubMed

Carlson P, Nicholson Perry K (2017) Psychological interventions for psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: A meta-analysis. Seizure 45:142–150. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2016.12.007CrossRefPubMed

Chen DK, So YT, Fisher R, Therapeutics, Technology Assessment Subcommittee of the American Academy of N (2005) Use of serum prolactin in diagnosing epileptic seizures: report of the therapeutics and technology assessment subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology 65(5):668–675. https://doi.org/10.1212/01.wnl.0000178391.96957.d0

Crimlisk HL, Bhatia K, Cope H, David A, Marsden CD, Ron MA (1998) Slater revisited: 6 year follow up study of patients with medically unexplained motor symptoms. BMJ 316(7131):582–586. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.316.7131.582CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Dhiman V, Sinha S, Rawat VS, Harish T, Chaturvedi SK, Satishchandra P (2013) Semiological characteristics of adults with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNESs): an attempt towards a new classification. Epilepsy Behav 27(3):427–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2013.03.005CrossRefPubMed

Dickson JM, Dudhill H, Shewan J, Mason S, Grunewald RA, Reuber M (2017) Cross-sectional study of the hospital management of adult patients with a suspected seizure (EPIC2). BMJ Open 7(7):e015696. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2016-015696CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Driver-Dunckley E, Stonnington CM, Locke DE, Noe K (2011) Comparison of psychogenic movement disorders and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: is phenotype clinically important? Psychosomatics 52(4):337–345. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psym.2011.01.008CrossRefPubMed

Duncan R (2017) Long-term outcomes. In: Dworetzky BA, Baslet GC (Hrsg) Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: toward the integration of care. Oxford University Press, New York, S 279–289

Duncan R, Razvi S, Mulhern S (2011) Newly presenting psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: incidence, population characteristics, and early outcome from a prospective audit of a first seizure clinic. Epilepsy Behav 20(2):308–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2010.10.022CrossRefPubMed

Duwicquet C, de Toffol B, Corcia P, Bonnin M, El-Hage W, Biberon J (2017) Are the clinical classifications for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures reliable? Epilepsy Behav 77:53–57. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.09.013CrossRefPubMed

Dworetzky BA, Baslet GC, Rathod J, Benbadis SR (2017) Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures toward the integration of care. In: Diagnostic Challenges for the Neurologist. https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190265045.003.0007

Elliott JO, Charyton C (2014) Biopsychosocial predictors of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. Epilepsy Res 108(9):1543–1553. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.09.003CrossRefPubMed

Fiszman A, Alves-Leon SV, Nunes RG, D’Andrea I, Figueira I (2004) Traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a critical review. Epilepsy Behav 5(6):818–825. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2004.09.002CrossRefPubMed

Fritzsche K, Baumann K, Gotz-Trabert K, Schulze-Bonhage A (2013) Dissociative seizures: a challenge for neurologists and psychotherapists. Dtsch Arztebl Int 110(15):263–268. https://doi.org/10.3238/arztebl.2013.0263CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Goldstein LH, Chalder T, Chigwedere C, Khondoker MR, Moriarty J, Toone BK, Mellers JD (2010) Cognitive-behavioral therapy for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a pilot RCT. Neurology 74(24):1986–1994. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3181e39658CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Goldstein LH, Mellers JD (2006) Ictal symptoms of anxiety, avoidance behaviour, and dissociation in patients with dissociative seizures. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 77(5):616–621. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2005.066878CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Goldstein LH, Mellers JD, Landau S, Stone J, Carson A, Medford N, Reuber M, Richardson M, McCrone P, Murray J, Chalder T (2015) Cognitive behavioural therapy vs standardised medical care for adults with dissociative non-epileptic seizures (CODES): a multicentre randomised controlled trial protocol. BMC Neurol 15:98. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12883-015-0350-0

Hall-Patch L, Brown R, House A, Howlett S, Kemp S, Lawton G, Mayor R, Smith P, Reuber M, collaborators N (2010) Acceptability and effectiveness of a strategy for the communication of the diagnosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsia 51(1):70–78. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02099.xCrossRefPubMed

Hendrickson R, Popescu A, Dixit R, Ghearing G, Bagic A (2014) Panic attack symptoms differentiate patients with epilepsy from those with psychogenic nonepileptic spells (PNES). Epilepsy Behav 37:210–214. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2014.06.026CrossRefPubMed

Indranada AM, Mullen SA, Duncan R, Berlowitz DJ, Kanaan RAA (2018) The association of panic and hyperventilation with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Seizure 59:108–115. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2018.05.007CrossRefPubMed

Izadyar S, Shah V, James B (2018) Comparison of postictal semiology and behavior in psychogenic nonepileptic and epileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav 88:123–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.08.020CrossRefPubMed

Jenkins L, Cosgrove J, Chappell P, Kheder A, Sokhi D, Reuber M (2016) Neurologists can identify diagnostic linguistic features during routine seizure clinic interactions: results of a one-day teaching intervention. Epilepsy Behav 64(Pt A):257–261. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.08.008CrossRefPubMed

Jungilligens J, Wellmer J, Schlegel U, Kessler H, Axmacher N, Popkirov S (2019) Impaired emotional and behavioural awareness and control in patients with dissociative seizures. Psychol Med:1–9. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291719002861

Kandler R, Lawrence S, Pang C, Lai M, Whitehead K (2018) Optimising the use of EEG in non-epileptic attack disorder: results of a UK national service evaluation. Seizure 55:57–65. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2018.01.005CrossRefPubMed

Kapur J, Elm J, Chamberlain JM, Barsan W, Cloyd J, Lowenstein D, Shinnar S, Conwit R, Meinzer C, Cock H, Fountain N, Connor JT, Silbergleit R (2019) Randomized trial of three anticonvulsant medications for status epilepticus. N Engl J Med 381(22):2103–2113. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1905795CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Kemp S, Graham CD, Chan R, Kitchingman H, Vickerman K, Reuber M (2018) The frequency and management of seizures during psychological treatment among patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and epilepsy. Epilepsia 59(4):844–853. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.14040CrossRefPubMed

Kutlubaev MA, Xu Y, Hackett ML, Stone J (2018) Dual diagnosis of epilepsy and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: systematic review and meta-analysis of frequency, correlates, and outcomes. Epilepsy Behav 89:70–78. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2018.10.010CrossRefPubMed

Kuyk J, Jacobs LD, Aldenkamp AP, Meinardi H, Spinhoven P, van Dyck R (1995) Pseudo-epileptic seizures: hypnosis as a diagnostic tool. Seizure 4(2):123–128CrossRefPubMed

LaFrance WC, Bjønæs H (2019) Designing treatment plans based on etiology of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. In: Schachter SC, LaFrance JWC (Hrsg) Gates and Rowan’s Nonepileptic Seizures, 4. Aufl. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, S. 283–299. https://doi.org/10.1017/9781316275450.029

LaFrance WC, Jr., Baird GL, Barry JJ, Blum AS, Frank Webb A, Keitner GI, Machan JT, Miller I, Szaflarski JP, Consortium NESTT (2014) Multicenter pilot treatment trial for psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Psychiatry 71(9):997–1005. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.817CrossRef

LaFrance WC Jr, Baker GA, Duncan R, Goldstein LH, Reuber M (2013) Minimum requirements for the diagnosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: a staged approach: a report from the international league against epilepsy nonepileptic seizures task force. Epilepsia 54(11):2005–2018. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12356CrossRefPubMed

LaFrance WC, Jr., Benbadis SR (2011) Differentiating frontal lobe epilepsy from psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Neurol Clin 29 (1):149–162, ix. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ncl.2010.10.005

Ludwig L, Pasman JA, Nicholson T, Aybek S, David AS, Tuck S, Kanaan RA, Roelofs K, Carson A, Stone J (2018) Stressful life events and maltreatment in conversion (functional neurological) disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis of case-control studies. Lancet Psychiatry 5(4):307–320. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30051-8CrossRefPubMed

Matin N, Young SS, Williams B, LaFrance WC, Jr., King JN, Caplan D, Chemali Z, Weilburg JB, Dickerson BC, Perez DL (2017) Neuropsychiatric associations with gender, illness duration, work disability, and motor subtype in a U.S. functional neurological disorders clinic population. J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci 29 (4):375–382. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.neuropsych.16110302

McGonigal A, Bartolomei F (2014) Parietal seizures mimicking psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsia 55(1):196–197. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.12465CrossRefPubMed

McKenzie PS, Oto M, Graham CD, Duncan R (2011) Do patients whose psychogenic non-epileptic seizures resolve, ‚replace‘ them with other medically unexplained symptoms? Medically unexplained symptoms arising after a diagnosis of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 82(9):967–969. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp.2010.231886CrossRefPubMed

McSweeney M, Reuber M, Levita L (2017) Neuroimaging studies in patients with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: a systematic meta-review. Neuroimage Clin 16:210–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2017.07.025CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Myers L, Vaidya-Mathur U, Lancman M (2017) Prolonged exposure therapy for the treatment of patients diagnosed with psychogenic non-epileptic seizures (PNES) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Epilepsy Behav 66:86–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.10.019CrossRefPubMed

Oto M, Espie CA, Duncan R (2010) An exploratory randomized controlled trial of immediate versus delayed withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic attacks (PNEAs). Epilepsia 51(10):1994–1999. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02696.xCrossRefPubMed

Oto MM (2017) The misdiagnosis of epilepsy: appraising risks and managing uncertainty. Seizure 44:143–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2016.11.029CrossRefPubMed

Ponnusamy A, Marques JL, Reuber M (2012) Comparison of heart rate variability parameters during complex partial seizures and psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsia 53(8):1314–1321. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03518.xCrossRefPubMed

Popkirov S, Asadi-Pooya AA, Duncan R, Gigineishvili D, Hingray C, Kanner AM, LaFrance WC Jr, Pretorius C, Reuber M (2019a) The aetiology of psychogenic non-epileptic seizures: risk factors and comorbidities. Epileptic Disord 21(6):529–547. https://doi.org/10.1684/epd.2019.1107CrossRefPubMed

Popkirov S, Carson AJ, Stone J (2018) Scared or scarred: could ‚dissociogenic‘ lesions predispose to nonepileptic seizures after head trauma? Seizure 58:127–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2018.04.009CrossRefPubMed

Popkirov S, Gronheit W, Schlegel U, Wellmer J (2014) Recurrent loss of consciousness despite DDD pacing: psychogenic pseudosyncope in a 19-year-old man. Clin Res Cardiol 103(9):755–757. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00392-014-0711-5CrossRefPubMed

Popkirov S, Gronheit W, Wellmer J (2015a) Hyperventilation and photic stimulation are useful additions to a placebo-based suggestive seizure induction protocol in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsy Behav 46:88–90. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.04.020CrossRefPubMed

Popkirov S, Gronheit W, Wellmer J (2015b) A systematic review of suggestive seizure induction for the diagnosis of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Seizure 31:124–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2015.07.016CrossRefPubMed

Popkirov S, Jungilligens J, Gronheit W, Wellmer J (2017) Diagnosing psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: video-EEG monitoring, suggestive seizure induction and diagnostic certainty. Epilepsy Behav 73:54–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2017.05.027CrossRefPubMed

Popkirov S, Stone J, Derry CP (2019b) Abnormal sleep in patients with epileptic or dissociative (non-epileptic) seizures: a polysomnography study. Eur J Neurol 26(2):255–260. https://doi.org/10.1111/ene.13798CrossRefPubMed

Reuber M (2017) Communicating the diagnosis. In: Dworetzky BA, Baslet GC (Hrsg) Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: toward the integration of care. https://doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190265045.003.0010

Reuber M (2019) Dissociative (non-epileptic) seizures: tackling common challenges after the diagnosis. Pract Neurol. https://doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2018-002177CrossRefPubMed

Reuber M, Fernandez G, Bauer J, Helmstaedter C, Elger CE (2002) Diagnostic delay in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Neurology 58(3):493–495. https://doi.org/10.1212/wnl.58.3.493CrossRefPubMed

Reuber M, Jamnadas-Khoda J, Broadhurst M, Grunewald R, Howell S, Koepp M, Sisodiya S, Walker M (2011) Psychogenic nonepileptic seizure manifestations reported by patients and witnesses. Epilepsia 52(11):2028–2035. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2011.03162.xCrossRefPubMed

Reuber M, Pukrop R, Mitchell AJ, Bauer J, Elger CE (2003) Clinical significance of recurrent psychogenic nonepileptic seizure status. J Neurol 250(11):1355–1362. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-003-0224-zCrossRefPubMed

Rockliffe-Fidler C, Willis M (2019) Explaining dissociative seizures: a neuropsychological perspective. Pract Neurol. https://doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2018-002100CrossRefPubMed

Schwabe M, Howell SJ, Reuber M (2007) Differential diagnosis of seizure disorders: a conversation analytic approach. Soc Sci Med 65(4):712–724. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.03.045CrossRefPubMed

Seneviratne U, Minato E, Paul E (2017) How reliable is ictal duration to differentiate psychogenic nonepileptic seizures from epileptic seizures? Epilepsy Behav 66:127–131. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2016.10.024CrossRefPubMed

Senf-Beckenbach P, Devine J, Hoheisel M (2020) Behandlung psychogener nicht epileptischer Anfälle: Psychoedukation und Körperwahrnehmung bei Dissoziation. Hogrefe, Göttingen

Shepard MA, Silva A, Starling AJ, Hoerth MT, Locke DE, Ziemba K, Chong CD, Schwedt TJ (2016) Patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures report more severe migraine than patients with epilepsy. Seizure 34:78–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2015.12.006CrossRefPubMed

Sigurdardottir KR, Olafsson E (1998) Incidence of psychogenic seizures in adults: a population-based study in Iceland. Epilepsia 39(7):749–752CrossRefPubMed

Specht U (2007) Fahreignung bei psychogenen nicht-epileptischen Anfällen. Z Epileptologie 20(4):208–216. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10309-007-0275-8CrossRef

Stone J, Carson A, Duncan R, Roberts R, Warlow C, Hibberd C, Coleman R, Cull R, Murray G, Pelosi A, Cavanagh J, Matthews K, Goldbeck R, Smyth R, Walker J, Sharpe M (2010) Who is referred to neurology clinics? – the diagnoses made in 3781 new patients. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 112(9):747–751. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clineuro.2010.05.011CrossRefPubMed

Stone J, Carson AJ (2013) The unbearable lightheadedness of seizing: wilful submission to dissociative (non-epileptic) seizures. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 84(7):822–824. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2012-304842CrossRefPubMed

Stone J, Warlow C, Sharpe M (2012) Functional weakness: clues to mechanism from the nature of onset. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 83(1):67–69. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2011-300125CrossRefPubMed

Syed TU, LaFrance WC Jr, Kahriman ES, Hasan SN, Rajasekaran V, Gulati D, Borad S, Shahid A, Fernandez-Baca G, Garcia N, Pawlowski M, Loddenkemper T, Amina S, Koubeissi MZ (2011) Can semiology predict psychogenic nonepileptic seizures? A prospective study. Ann Neurol 69(6):997–1004. https://doi.org/10.1002/ana.22345CrossRefPubMed

Szaflarski JP, Ficker DM, Cahill WT, Privitera MD (2000) Four-year incidence of psychogenic nonepileptic seizures in adults in Hamilton County, OH. Neurology 55(10):1561–1563

Tannemaat MR, van Niekerk J, Reijntjes RH, Thijs RD, Sutton R, van Dijk JG (2013) The semiology of tilt-induced psychogenic pseudosyncope. Neurology 81(8):752–758. https://doi.org/10.1212/WNL.0b013e3182a1aa88CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Teodoro T, Edwards MJ, Isaacs JD (2018) A unifying theory for cognitive abnormalities in functional neurological disorders, fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome: systematic review. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 89(12):1308–1319. https://doi.org/10.1136/jnnp-2017-317823CrossRefPubMed

van der Kruijs SJ, Vonck KE, Langereis GR, Feijs LM, Bodde NM, Lazeron RH, Carrette E, Boon PA, Backes WH, Jansen JF, Aldenkamp AP, Cluitmans PJ (2016) Autonomic nervous system functioning associated with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: analysis of heart rate variability. Epilepsy Behav 54:14–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yebeh.2015.10.014CrossRefPubMed

Vein AM, Djukova GM, Vorobieva OV (1994) Is panic attack a mask of psychogenic seizures? – A comparative analysis of phenomenology of psychogenic seizures and panic attacks. Funct Neurol 9(3):153–159

Viarasilpa T, Panyavachiraporn N, Osman G, Akioyamen NO, Wasade VS, Barkley G, Mayer SA (2020) Intubation for psychogenic non-epileptic attacks: frequency, risk factors, and impact on outcome. Seizure 76:17–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2019.12.025CrossRef

Walsh S, Levita L, Reuber M (2018) Comorbid depression and associated factors in PNES versus epilepsy: systematic review and meta-analysis. Seizure 60:44–56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seizure.2018.05.014CrossRefPubMed

Walther K, Volbers B, Erdmann L, Dogan Onugoren M, Gollwitzer S, Kasper BS, Kurzbuch K, Lang J, Schwab S, Schwarz M, Hamer HM (2019) Psychological long-term outcome in patients with psychogenic nonepileptic seizures. Epilepsia 60(4):669–678. https://doi.org/10.1111/epi.14682CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Dissoziative Anfälle
verfasst von: Stoyan Popkirov
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Buch: Funktionelle neurologische Störungen
Print ISBN: 978-3-662-61271-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-662-61272-9

Copyright-Jahr: 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-61272-9_5

Neu in den Fachgebieten Neurologie und Psychiatrie

Einjährige Valaciclovir-Therapie schützt nicht vor Zoster-Rezidiv

24.03.2025
Herpes zoster
Nachrichten

Die Zoster Eye Disease Study (ZEDS) liefert gleich zwei ernüchternde Erkenntnisse: Eine einjährige Therapie mit niedrig dosiertem Valaciclovir kann weder einen Herpes zoster ophthalmicus (HZO) noch eine Post-Zoster-Neuralgie (PZN) verhindern.

MCI-Screening per Handy und Smartwatch? Könnte klappen

21.03.2025
Leichte neurokognitive Störung
Nachrichten

Handys und Smartwatches könnten niedrigschwellige Tools sein, um eine beginnende Demenz zu erfassen. In einer US-Studie ließ sich damit eine leichte kognitive Beeinträchtigung (MCI) gut nachweisen. Auch waren gerade die älteren Teilnehmenden sehr motiviert.

Demenz-Leitlinie aktualisiert

13.03.2025
Demenz
Nachrichten

Empfohlen wird jetzt auch eine Musiktherapie sowie bei unklarem diagnostischem Befund ein Tau-PET, und Depressive mit leichten kognitiven Störungen sollten eine Verhaltenstherapie erhalten – das sind einige wichtige Änderungen der aktuellen S3-Leitlinie Demenzen.

Wer hat Angst vorm elektromagnetischen Feld?

12.03.2025
Psychosomatik in der Hausarztpraxis
Nachrichten

Ist elektromagnetische Strahlung auch unterhalb von gesetzlichen Grenzwerten gesundheitsschädlich? Ein kleiner Teil der Ärzteschaft hält das für möglich, wobei eher an psychosomatische Effekte gedacht wird, wie eine deutsche Studie nahelegt. Das selbst eingeschätzte Wissen zum Thema ist indes gering.