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01.06.2013 | Article

Distinct and opposing roles for the phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinase catalytic subunits p110α and p110β in the regulation of insulin secretion from rodent and human beta cells

verfasst von: J. Kolic, A. F. Spigelman, G. Plummer, E. Leung, C. Hajmrle, T. Kin, A. M. J. Shapiro, J. E. Manning Fox, P. E. MacDonald

Erschienen in: Diabetologia | Ausgabe 6/2013

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis

Phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinases (PI3Ks) regulate beta cell mass, gene transcription, and function, although the contribution of the specific isoforms is unknown. As reduced type 1A PI3K signalling is thought to contribute to impaired insulin secretion, we investigated the role of the type 1A PI3K catalytic subunits α and β (p110α and -β) in insulin granule recruitment and exocytosis in rodent and human islets.

Methods

The p110α and p110β subunits were inhibited pharmacologically or by small hairpin (sh)RNA-mediated knockdown, and were directly infused or overexpressed in mouse and human islets, beta cells and INS-1 832/13 cells. Glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS), single-cell exocytosis, Ca²⁺ signalling, plasma membrane granule localisation, and actin density were monitored.

Results

Inhibition or knockdown of p110α increased GSIS. This was not due to altered Ca²⁺ responses, depolymerisation of cortical actin or increased cortical granule density, but to enhanced Ca²⁺-dependent exocytosis. Intracellular infusion of recombinant PI3Kα (p110α/p85β) blocked exocytosis. Conversely, knockdown (but not pharmacological inhibition) of p110β blunted GSIS, reduced cortical granule density and impaired exocytosis. Exocytosis was rescued by direct intracellular infusion of recombinant PI3Kβ (p110β/p85β) even when p110β catalytic activity was inhibited. Conversely, both the wild-type p110β and a catalytically inactive mutant directly facilitated exocytosis.

Conclusions/interpretation

Type 1A PI3K isoforms have distinct and opposing roles in the acute regulation of insulin secretion. While p110α acts as a negative regulator of beta cell exocytosis and insulin secretion, p110β is a positive regulator of insulin secretion through a mechanism separate from its catalytic activity.

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Titel: Distinct and opposing roles for the phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinase catalytic subunits p110α and p110β in the regulation of insulin secretion from rodent and human beta cells
verfasst von: J. Kolic
A. F. Spigelman
G. Plummer
E. Leung
C. Hajmrle
T. Kin
A. M. J. Shapiro
J. E. Manning Fox
P. E. MacDonald
Publikationsdatum: 01.06.2013
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Diabetologia / Ausgabe 6/2013
Print ISSN: 0012-186X
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-0428
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-013-2882-4

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