Background
Methods
Study population
Xiangya Hospital Health Management Center Study
Xiangya Osteoarthritis Study I (XO Study I)
Blood biochemical analysis
Assessment of radiographic knee chondrocalcinosis
Statistical analysis
Results
Xiangya Hospital Health Management Center Study
Tertiles of serum Mg (mmol/L) | |||
---|---|---|---|
1 (≤0.86) | 2 (0.87–0.91) | 3 (≥0.92) | |
Number | 4633 | 3720 | 4278 |
Median Mg level (mmol/L) | 0.83 | 0.89 | 0.95 |
Sex (female, %) | 45.3 | 42.5 | 40.9 |
Age (years) | 52.1 ± 8.1 | 52.4 ± 8.1 | 52.5 ± 7.9 |
40–49 (%) | 43.5 | 41.1 | 39.5 |
50–59 (%) | 37.5 | 39.5 | 40.4 |
60–69 (%) | 15.2 | 15.9 | 17.2 |
≥70 (%) | 3.8 | 3.5 | 2.9 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.5 ± 3.4 | 24.4 ± 3.3 | 24.4 ± 3.2 |
<25 (%) | 57.6 | 59.2 | 58.6 |
≥25 (%) | 42.4 | 40.8 | 41.4 |
Serum iron (μmol/L) | 18.1 ± 6.5 | 18.4 ± 6.3 | 18.9 ± 6.5 |
Serum ferritin (μg/L) | 78.4 ± 67.3 | 78.3 ± 68.2 | 81.5 ± 62.8 |
Serum calcium (mmol/L) | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 2.4 ± 0.1 | 2.4 ± 0.1 |
Serum zinc (μmol/L) | 13.1 ± 2.5 | 13.5 ± 2.6 | 13.7 ± 3.1 |
Serum copper (μmol/L) | 16.1 ± 3.6 | 16.2 ± 3.4 | 16.8 ± 3.8 |
Serum phosphorus (mmol/L) | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.2 |
Education (high school or above, %) | 42.3 | 49.8 | 49.0 |
Occupation (manual labor, %) | 20.1 | 17.2 | 17.5 |
Tertiles of serum Mg (mmol/L) |
P for trend | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
1 (≤0.86) | 2 (0.87–0.91) | 3 (≥0.92) | ||
Total | ||||
N for knee* | 9263 | 7438 | 8497 | - |
Knee chondrocalcinosis (%) | 1.3 | 0.8 | 0.6 | - |
Model 1 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.59 (0.40, 0.87) | 0.49 (0.33, 0.72) | <0.001 |
Model 2 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.59 (0.39, 0.89) | 0.53 (0.36, 0.78) | 0.001 |
Model 3 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.69 (0.36, 1.32) | 0.38 (0.20, 0.71) | 0.002 |
Model 4 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.60 (0.41, 0.89) | 0.48 (0.33, 0.71) | <0.001 |
Model 5 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.58 (0.39, 0.88) | 0.52 (0.35, 0.78) | 0.001 |
Model 6 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.57 (0.38, 0.86) | 0.49 (0.33, 0.73) | <0.001 |
Model 7 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.60 (0.41, 0.89) | 0.48 (0.33, 0.72) | <0.001 |
Model 8 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.83 (0.43, 1.58) | 0.46 (0.23, 0.90) | 0.021 |
Male | ||||
N for knee* | 5065 | 4279 | 5058 | - |
Knee chondrocalcinosis (%) | 1.4 | 0.7 | 0.5 | - |
Model 1 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.56 (0.33, 0.95) | 0.43 (0.25, 0.74) | 0.002 |
Model 2 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.54 (0.31, 0.96) | 0.45 (0.26, 0.78) | 0.003 |
Model 3 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.65 (0.27, 1.56) | 0.37 (0.16, 0.84) | 0.017 |
Model 4 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.57 (0.34, 0.98) | 0.42 (0.24, 0.73) | 0.002 |
Model 5 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.54 (0.30, 0.94) | 0.45 (0.26, 0.78) | 0.003 |
Model 6 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.54 (0.31, 0.94) | 0.41 (0.24, 0.72) | 0.001 |
Model 7 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.57 (0.33, 0.98) | 0.42 (0.24, 0.73) | 0.002 |
Model 8 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.92 (0.40, 2.11) | 0.51 (0.21, 1.24) | 0.134 |
Female | ||||
N for knee* | 4198 | 3159 | 3494 | - |
Knee chondrocalcinosis (%) | 1.2 | 0.9 | 0.8 | - |
Model 1 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.64 (0.36, 1.13) | 0.54 (0.30, 0.96) | 0.034 |
Model 2 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.65 (0.36, 1.19) | 0.60 (0.33, 1.09) | 0.094 |
Model 3 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.78 (0.29, 2.13) | 0.41 (0.14, 1.21) | 0.091 |
Model 4 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.65 (0.37, 1.15) | 0.54 (0.31, 0.96) | 0.035 |
Model 5 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.65 (0.36, 1.18) | 0.59 (0.33, 1.07) | 0.081 |
Model 6 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.65 (0.35, 1.19) | 0.60 (0.33, 1.10) | 0.096 |
Model 7 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.65 (0.36, 1.14) | 0.54 (0.30, 0.96) | 0.034 |
Model 8 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.67 (0.24, 1.88) | 0.37 (0.13, 1.12) | 0.073 |
XO Study I
Tertiles of serum Mg (mmol/L) | |||
---|---|---|---|
1 (≤0.89) | 2 (0.90-0.95) | 3 (≥0.96) | |
Number | 490 | 400 | 426 |
Median Mg level (mmol/L) | 0.85 | 0.92 | 1.00 |
Sex (female, %) | 48.6 | 50.3 | 55.2 |
Age (years) | 63.6 ± 8.9 | 63.3 ± 8.4 | 61.6 ± 8.5 |
50–59 (%) | 37.1 | 36.3 | 46.4 |
60–69 (%) | 36.3 | 40.0 | 34.9 |
≥70 (%) | 26.7 | 23.8 | 18.7 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 24.1 ± 3.5 | 24.3 ± 3.9 | 24.3 ± 3.4 |
< 25 (%) | 67.6 | 61.0 | 59.9 |
≥25 (%) | 32.4 | 39.0 | 40.1 |
Knee injury (yes, %) | 5.5 | 3.8 | 5.2 |
Serum PTH (μmol/L) | 52.5 ± 38.0 | 54.8 ± 23.1 | 51.3 ± 20.2 |
Serum iron (μmol/L) | 20.2 ± 8.6 | 19.8 ± 7.2 | 20.3 ± 7.8 |
Serum TIBC (μmol/L) | 58.3 ± 11.3 | 59.1 ± 11.6 | 60.2 ± 11.4 |
Serum UIBC (μmol/L) | 38.2 ± 13.5 | 39.5 ± 13.2 | 40.0 ± 13.1 |
Serum calcium (mmol/L) | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.1 | 2.3 ± 0.1 |
Serum 25(OH)D (μg/L) | 25.8 ± 11.3 | 24.9 ± 9.9 | 25.9 ± 10.9 |
Serum zinc (μmol/L) | 17.3 ± 3.5 | 18.5 ± 3.7 | 19.9 ± 6.1 |
Serum copper (μmol/L) | 16.3 ± 3.2 | 16.4 ± 3.7 | 16.8 ± 3.5 |
Serum phosphorus (mmol/L) | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.2 | 1.2 ± 0.2 |
Education (educated, %) | 70.2 | 66.5 | 67.8 |
Occupation (farmer, %) | 85.5 | 87.3 | 85.7 |
Tertiles of serum Mg (mmol/L) |
P for trend | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
1 (≤0.89) | 2 (0.90–0.95) | 3 (≥0.96) | ||
Total | ||||
N for knee* | 977 | 793 | 848 | - |
Knee chondrocalcinosis (%) | 4.8 | 3.2 | 2.0 | - |
Model 1 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.67 (0.34, 1.30) | 0.45 (0.21, 0.94) | 0.030 |
Model 2 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.68 (0.35, 1.32) | 0.45 (0.22, 0.94) | 0.046 |
Model 3 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.73 (0.37, 1.47) | 0.41 (0.18, 0.93) | 0.028 |
Model 4 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.71 (0.35, 1.41) | 0.41 (0.18, 0.91) | 0.025 |
Model 5 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.73 (0.37, 1.46) | 0.42 (0.19, 0.94) | 0.032 |
Model 6 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.71 (0.36, 1.41) | 0.40 (0.18, 0.91) | 0.024 |
Model 7 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.67 (0.34, 1.30) | 0.45 (0.21, 0.94) | 0.030 |
Model 8 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.69 (0.35, 1.34) | 0.45 (0.21, 0.95) | 0.032 |
Model 9 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.71 (0.36, 1.42) | 0.43 (0.20, 0.95) | 0.020 |
Model 10 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.68 (0.35, 1.33) | 0.41 (0.19, 0.88) | 0.034 |
Model 11 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.68 (0.35, 1.32) | 0.45 (0.21, 0.95) | 0.033 |
Model 12 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.65 (0.33, 1.28) | 0.46 (0.21, 0.96) | 0.036 |
Male | ||||
N for knee* | 502 | 397 | 380 | - |
Knee chondrocalcinosis (%) | 3.8 | 2.5 | 1.1 | - |
Model 1 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.72 (0.26, 2.01) | 0.34 (0.08, 1.37) | 0.115 |
Model 2 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.75 (0.28, 2.05) | 0.34 (0.08, 1.38) | 0.114 |
Model 3 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.81 (0.29, 2.30) | 0.39 (0.09, 1.66) | 0.195 |
Model 4 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.78 (0.28, 2.21) | 0.39 (0.09, 1.62) | 0.184 |
Model 5 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.87 (0.31, 2.48) | 0.40 (0.10, 1.64) | 0.198 |
Model 6 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.84 (0.30, 2.35) | 0.39 (0.09, 1.60) | 0.183 |
Model 7 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.72 (0.26, 2.00) | 0.34 (0.09, 1.37) | 0.117 |
Model 8 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.65 (0.19, 2.25) | 0.47 (0.11, 1.88) | 0.254 |
Model 9 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.81 (0.27, 2.42) | 0.21 (0.04, 1.08) | 0.077 |
Model 10 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.72 (0.26, 2.00) | 0.17 (0.04, 0.83) | 0.024 |
Model 11 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.63 (0.23, 1.74) | 0.32 (0.08, 1.32) | 0.094 |
Model 12 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.67 (0.24, 1.93) | 0.34 (0.08, 1.38) | 0.116 |
Female | ||||
N for knee* | 475 | 396 | 468 | - |
Knee chondrocalcinosis (%) | 5.9 | 3.8 | 2.8 | - |
Model 1 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.64 (0.27, 1.52) | 0.50 (0.20, 1.23) | 0.128 |
Model 2 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.65 (0.27, 1.55) | 0.50 (0.20, 1.24) | 0.130 |
Model 3 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.66 (0.27, 1.65) | 0.40 (0.15, 1.10) | 0.069 |
Model 4 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.62 (0.25, 1.54) | 0.40 (0.14, 1.09) | 0.067 |
Model 5 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.66 (0.26, 1.63) | 0.42 (0.15, 1.17) | 0.090 |
Model 6 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.63 (0.25, 1.58) | 0.41 (0.15, 1.10) | 0.071 |
Model 7 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.64 (0.27, 1.53) | 0.50 (0.20, 1.23) | 0.126 |
Model 8 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.66 (0.27, 1.59) | 0.50 (0.20, 1.23) | 0.129 |
Model 9 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.66 (0.27, 1.59) | 0.53 (0.21, 1.33) | 0.174 |
Model 10 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.66 (0.27, 1.60) | 0.53 (0.21, 1.32) | 0.171 |
Model 11 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.68 (0.29, 1.64) | 0.52 (0.21, 1.28) | 0.149 |
Model 12 (95% CI) | 1.00 (reference) | 0.63 (0.26, 1.50) | 0.48 (0.19, 1.21) | 0.116 |