Background
Methods
Eligibility criteria
Search strategy
Study selection
Data collection
Risk of bias assessment
Subgroup analyses
Statistical analysis
Results
Eligible studies and study characteristics
Author | Year | Country | Study design | Cancer location | Stage/other restriction | Combined therapy | DM status (DM/non-DM) | Sample size (metformin/control) | Maintenance dose | Median follow-up (months) | Outcome type | Potential confounders control | Risk of bias | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sa | Ra | Mc | |||||||||||||
Goodwin | 2022 | Multiple centers | Double-blinded | Breast | High-risk nonmetastatic | Chemotherapy + radiotherapy + hormone therapy + targeted therapyd | No | 3649 (1824/1825) | 850mg bid | 96.2 for ER/PgR+94.1 for ER/PgR- | OS | √ | √ | √ | Low risk |
Pimentel | 2019 | Canada | Double-blinded | Breast | Metastatic or unrectable locally advanced | Chemotherapy + hormone therapy | No | 40 (22/18) | 850mg bid | Not given | PFS, OS | √ | √ | √ | Low risk |
Nanni | 2019 | Italy | Open-label | Breast | Stage IV/ metastatic, HER2-negative | Chemotherapy | No | 122 (57/65) | 1000mg bid | 39.6 | PFS, OS | √ | √ | √ | Some concerns |
Zhao | 2017 | China | Open-label | Breast | Metastatic or locally advanced | Hormone therapy | No | 60 (30/30) | 500mg bid | 22.3 | PFS, OS | × | √ | × | Some concerns |
Salah | 2021 | Egypt | Open-label | Breast | Stage IV/ metastatic | Chemotherapy | No | 50(25/25) | 1000mg bid | 6 | PFS, OS | × | √ | × | Some concerns |
Liubota | 2018 | Ukraine | Not given | Breast | Stage II-III | Chemotherapy + hormone therapy | Yes | 72(36/36) | 500mg tid | 39 | PFS, OS | × | √ | × | Some concerns |
EL-Haggar | 2016 | Egypt | Not given | Breast | Newly diagnosed | Chemotherapy + hormone therapy | No | 102(51/51) | 850mg bid | Not given | PFS | × | √ | √ | Some concerns |
Hamedi | 2018 | Iran | Open-label | Ovary | Epithelial | Chemotherapy | No | 70 (30/40) | 500mg tid | Not given | PFS | × | √ | × | Low risk |
Zheng | 2019 | China | Open-label | Ovary | Epithelial | Chemotherapy | No | 44 (20/24) | 850mg qd | Not given | PFS | × | √ | × | Some concerns |
Bae-Jump | 2020 | USA | Double-blinded | Endometrium | Stage III-IV/ recurrent | Chemotherapy | Mixed (102/367) | 469 (234/235) | 850mg bid | 28 | PFS, OS | √ | √ | √ | Some concerns |
Alghandour | 2021 | Egypt | Double-blinded | Prostate | High localized or node invasion or metastatic hormone sensitive | Chemotherapy + radiotherapy + hormone therapy | Mixed (15/99) | 124 (62/62) | 850mg bid | 22 | PFS, OS | √ | √ | √ | Low risk |
Martin | 2021 | France | Double-blinded | Prostate | Metastatic or hormone resistant | Chemotherapy | No | 99 (50/49) | 850mg bid | 86 | PFS, OS | × | √ | × | Some concerns |
Li | 2019 | China | Double-blinded | Lung | Stage IIIB-IV/ EGFR mutated NSCLC | Targeted therapy | No | 202 (97/105) | 1000mg bid | 19.15 | PFS, OS | × | √ | × | Low risk |
Arrieta | 2019 | Mexico | Open-label | Lung | Stage IIIB-IV/ EGFR mutated lung adenocarcinoma | Targeted therapy | No | 139 (69/70) | 500mg bid | 16.9 | PFS, OS | × | √ | √ | Some concerns |
Lee | 2021 | South Korea | Open-label | Lung | Stage IIIB-IV/ EGFR-ALK wild NSCLC | Chemotherapy | Mixed (36/129) | 165(82/83) | 1000mg bid | 32.4 | PFS, OS | √ | √ | √ | Some concerns |
Marrone | 2018 | USA | Open-label | Lung | Stage IIIB-IV/ nonsquamous NSCLC | Chemotherapy + targeted therapy | No | 24 (18/6) | 1000mg bid | Not given | PFS, OS | × | √ | × | Some concerns |
Sayed | 2015 | Egypt | Open-label | Lung | Stage IV/ NSCLC | Chemotherapy | No | 30 (15/15) | 500mg qd | Not given | OS | √ | √ | × | Low risk |
Skinner | 2021 | USA | Open-label | Lung | Stage III/ unresectable NSCLC | Chemotherapy + radiotherapy | No | 167 (86/81) | 1000mg bid | 27.7 | PFS, OS | √ | √ | √ | Some concerns |
Tsakiridis | 2021 | Canada | Open-label | Lung | Stage III/ Unresected locally advanced NSCLC | Chemotherapy + radiotherapy + immunotherapye | No | 54 (26/28) | 1000mg bid | Not given | PFS, OS | √ | √ | √ | Low risk |
Kordes | 2015 | Netherlands | Double-blinded | Pancreas | Metastatic or unresectable locally advanced | Chemotherapy + targeted therapy | Mixed (14/107) | 121 (60/61) | 1000mg bid | 28.1 | PFS, OS | √ | √ | √ | Low risk |
Reni | 2016 | Italy | Open-label | Pancreas | Metastatic | Chemotherapy | Mixed (23/37) | 60 (31/29) | 2000mg daily | Not given | PFS, OS | × | √ | √ | Some concerns |
Shorbagy | 2020 | Egypt | Not given | Liver | Advanced | Targeted therapy | Mixed (48/32) | 80 (40/40) | 500mg bid | Not given | PFS, OS | × | √ | × | Some concerns |