Skip to main content
Erschienen in: The Journal of Primary Prevention 3/2018

12.05.2018 | Original Paper

Employment and Other Income Sources Among Homeless Youth

verfasst von: Natasha Slesnick, Jing Zhang, Tansel Yilmazer

Erschienen in: Journal of Prevention | Ausgabe 3/2018

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Homeless youth report high rates of unemployment. While homeless serving agencies usually offer employment services, most homeless youth are disengaged from homeless service agencies, and a limited number of studies have examined employment and other income sources among service disconnected youth. Our study examined income sources and change in income among service disconnected youth, all of whom received Strengths-Based Outreach and Advocacy (SBOA, N = 79). Findings revealed that over time employment and legal income from non-survival behaviors increased (e.g., governmental assistance and receiving income from friends and relatives), while income from survival behaviors decreased (e.g., prostitution, stealing, selling possessions, selling blood or plasma). Although unemployment among these youth remained high (62%), income from survival behaviors reduced most drastically. Findings also suggest that employment is linked to housing stability and mental health, as is substance use and income, which suggests that mental health, housing, and substance use treatment services are important components in income stabilization for homeless youth.
Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Becker, D. R., & Drake, R. E. (2003). A working life for people with severe mental illness. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.CrossRef Becker, D. R., & Drake, R. E. (2003). A working life for people with severe mental illness. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Chamberlain, C., & MacKenzie, D. (2004). Youth homelessness: Four policy proposals. Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute Final Report. Melbourne, Victoria, Australia: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute. Chamberlain, C., & MacKenzie, D. (2004). Youth homelessness: Four policy proposals. Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute Final Report. Melbourne, Victoria, Australia: Australian Housing and Urban Research Institute.
Zurück zum Zitat Courtney, M. E., Terao, S., & Bost, N. (2004). Midwest evaluation of the adult functioning of former foster youth: Conditions of youth preparing to leave state care. Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall Center for Children, University of Chicago. Courtney, M. E., Terao, S., & Bost, N. (2004). Midwest evaluation of the adult functioning of former foster youth: Conditions of youth preparing to leave state care. Chicago, IL: Chapin Hall Center for Children, University of Chicago.
Zurück zum Zitat Drake, R. E., Bond, G. R., & Becker, D. R. (2012). Individual placement and support: An evidence-based approach to supported employment. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.CrossRef Drake, R. E., Bond, G. R., & Becker, D. R. (2012). Individual placement and support: An evidence-based approach to supported employment. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Farabee, D., Shen, H., Hser, Y. I., Grella, C. E., & Anglin, M. D. (2001). The effect of drug treatment on criminal behavior among adolescents in DATOS-A. Journal of Adolescent Research, 16(6), 679–696.CrossRef Farabee, D., Shen, H., Hser, Y. I., Grella, C. E., & Anglin, M. D. (2001). The effect of drug treatment on criminal behavior among adolescents in DATOS-A. Journal of Adolescent Research, 16(6), 679–696.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ferguson, K. M., Bender, K., & Thompson, S. J. (2014). Social estrangement factors associated with income generation among homeless young adults in three US cities. Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 5(4), 461–487.CrossRef Ferguson, K. M., Bender, K., & Thompson, S. J. (2014). Social estrangement factors associated with income generation among homeless young adults in three US cities. Journal of the Society for Social Work and Research, 5(4), 461–487.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ferguson, K. M., Bender, K., & Thompson, S. J. (2015a). Gender, coping strategies, homelessness stressors, and income generation among homeless young adults in three cities. Social Science and Medicine, 135, 47–55.CrossRefPubMed Ferguson, K. M., Bender, K., & Thompson, S. J. (2015a). Gender, coping strategies, homelessness stressors, and income generation among homeless young adults in three cities. Social Science and Medicine, 135, 47–55.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Ferguson, K. M., Bender, K., & Thompson, S. J. (2015b). Risk and resilience factors associated with formal and informal income generation among homeless young adults in three US cities. Youth & Society, 0044118X15600722. Ferguson, K. M., Bender, K., & Thompson, S. J. (2015b). Risk and resilience factors associated with formal and informal income generation among homeless young adults in three US cities. Youth & Society, 0044118X15600722.
Zurück zum Zitat Ferguson, K., Bender, K., & Thompson, S. J. (2016). Predicting illegal income generation among homeless male and female young adults: Understanding strains and responses to strains. Children and Youth Services Review, 63, 101–109.CrossRef Ferguson, K., Bender, K., & Thompson, S. J. (2016). Predicting illegal income generation among homeless male and female young adults: Understanding strains and responses to strains. Children and Youth Services Review, 63, 101–109.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ferguson, K. M., Bender, K., Thompson, S. J., Maccio, E. M., & Pollio, D. (2012a). Employment status and income generation among homeless young adults: Results from a five-city, mixed-methods study. Youth & Society, 44(3), 385–407.CrossRef Ferguson, K. M., Bender, K., Thompson, S. J., Maccio, E. M., & Pollio, D. (2012a). Employment status and income generation among homeless young adults: Results from a five-city, mixed-methods study. Youth & Society, 44(3), 385–407.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ferguson, K. M., & Xie, B. (2008). Feasibility study of the social enterprise intervention with homeless youth. Research on Social Work Practice, 18(1), 5–19.CrossRef Ferguson, K. M., & Xie, B. (2008). Feasibility study of the social enterprise intervention with homeless youth. Research on Social Work Practice, 18(1), 5–19.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Johnson, M., Samberg, L., Calsyn, R., Blasinksy, M., Landow, W., & Goldman, H. (1999). Case management models for persons who are homeless and mentally ill: The ACCESS demonstration project. Community Mental Health Journal, 35, 325–345.CrossRef Johnson, M., Samberg, L., Calsyn, R., Blasinksy, M., Landow, W., & Goldman, H. (1999). Case management models for persons who are homeless and mentally ill: The ACCESS demonstration project. Community Mental Health Journal, 35, 325–345.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Maccio, E. M., & Ferguson, K. M. (2016). Services to LGBTQ runaway and homeless youth: Gaps and recommendations. Children and Youth Services Review, 63, 47–57.CrossRef Maccio, E. M., & Ferguson, K. M. (2016). Services to LGBTQ runaway and homeless youth: Gaps and recommendations. Children and Youth Services Review, 63, 47–57.CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Merscham, C., Van Leeuwen, J. M., & McGuire, M. (2009). Mental health and substance abuse indicators among homeless youth in Denver, Colorado. Child Welfare, 88, 93–110.PubMed Merscham, C., Van Leeuwen, J. M., & McGuire, M. (2009). Mental health and substance abuse indicators among homeless youth in Denver, Colorado. Child Welfare, 88, 93–110.PubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998–2012). Mplus user’s guide (7th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén. Muthén, L. K., & Muthén, B. O. (1998–2012). Mplus user’s guide (7th ed.). Los Angeles, CA: Muthén & Muthén.
Zurück zum Zitat Rapp, C., & Chamberlain, R. (1985). Case management services for the chronically mentally ill. Social Work, 30, 417–422.CrossRefPubMed Rapp, C., & Chamberlain, R. (1985). Case management services for the chronically mentally ill. Social Work, 30, 417–422.CrossRefPubMed
Zurück zum Zitat Raudenbush, S., Bryk, A., & Congdon, R. (2011). HLM 7: Hierarchical linear and nonlinear modeling [computer software]. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International. Raudenbush, S., Bryk, A., & Congdon, R. (2011). HLM 7: Hierarchical linear and nonlinear modeling [computer software]. Lincolnwood, IL: Scientific Software International.
Zurück zum Zitat Slesnick, N., Dashora, P., Letcher, A., Erdem, G., & Serovich, J. (2009). A review of services and interventions for runaway and homeless youth: Moving forward. Children and Youth Services Review, 31, 732–742.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Slesnick, N., Dashora, P., Letcher, A., Erdem, G., & Serovich, J. (2009). A review of services and interventions for runaway and homeless youth: Moving forward. Children and Youth Services Review, 31, 732–742.CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Zurück zum Zitat Sowell, R. L., Bairan, A., Akers, T. A., & Holtz, C. (2004). Social service needs and case management implications for individuals accessing a faith-based suburban homeless shelter. Professional Case Management, 9(2), 72–86. Sowell, R. L., Bairan, A., Akers, T. A., & Holtz, C. (2004). Social service needs and case management implications for individuals accessing a faith-based suburban homeless shelter. Professional Case Management, 9(2), 72–86.
Zurück zum Zitat Ware, J. E., Snow, K. K., Kosinski, M., & Gandek, B. (1993). SF-36 Health Survey manual and interpretation guide. Boston, MA: The Health Institute. Ware, J. E., Snow, K. K., Kosinski, M., & Gandek, B. (1993). SF-36 Health Survey manual and interpretation guide. Boston, MA: The Health Institute.
Zurück zum Zitat Xiang, X. (2013). A review of interventions for substance use among homeless youth. Research on Social Work Practice, 23(1), 34–45.CrossRef Xiang, X. (2013). A review of interventions for substance use among homeless youth. Research on Social Work Practice, 23(1), 34–45.CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Employment and Other Income Sources Among Homeless Youth
verfasst von
Natasha Slesnick
Jing Zhang
Tansel Yilmazer
Publikationsdatum
12.05.2018
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Journal of Prevention / Ausgabe 3/2018
Print ISSN: 2731-5533
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-5541
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10935-018-0511-1

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2018

The Journal of Primary Prevention 3/2018 Zur Ausgabe