Erratum
Survey participants N (%) | Total population N (%) |
P
| Migraine N, % (95 % CI) | Anxiety N, % (95 % CI) | Depression N, % (95 % CI) | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Men | 1345 (49.3) | 17,584,365 (50.6) | 0.854a
| 36, 2.7 (1.8–3.5) | 109, 8.1 (6.6–9.6) | 43, 3.2 (2.3–4.2) |
Women | 1350 (50.7) | 17,198,350 (49.4) | 107, 7.9 (6.5–9.4) | 159, 11.8 (10.1–13.5) | 73, 5.4 (4.2–6.6) | |
Age | ||||||
19–29 | 542 (20.5) | 7,717,947 (22.2) | 0.917a
| 25, 4.5 (2.7–6.2) | 53, 9.6 (7.2–12.1) | 23, 4.1 (2.5–5.8) |
30–39 | 604 (21.9) | 8,349,487 (24.0) | 42, 7.0 (4.9–9.1) | 51, 8.7 (6.4–11.0) | 32, 5.4 (4.6–7.3) | |
40–49 | 611 (23.1) | 8,613,110 (24.8) | 39, 6.5 (4.5–8.4) | 67, 11.0 (8.5–13.5) | 24, 4.0 (2.5–5.5) | |
50–59 | 529 (18.9) | 6,167,505 (17.7) | 22, 4.1 (2.4–5.9) | 53, 9.9 (7.3–12.5) | 22, 4.2 (2.5–6.0) | |
60–69 | 409 (15.6) | 3,934,666 (11.3) | 15, 3.9 (2.0–5.7) | 14, 10.8 (7.8–13.8) | 15, 3.7 (2.0–5.5) | |
Size of residential area | ||||||
Large city | 1248 (46.3) | 16,776,771 (48.2) | 0.921a
| 76, 6.1 (4.8–7.5) | 130, 10.4 (8.7–12.1) | 57, 4.6 (3.4–5.7) |
Medium–to–small city | 1186 (44.0) | 15,164,345 (43.6) | 48, 4.0 (2.9–5.2) | 112, 9.5 (7.8–11.2) | 47, 4.0 (2.9–5.1) | |
Rural area | 261 (9.7) | 2,841,599 (8.2) | 19, 7.4 (4.2–10.6) | 26, 10.0 (6.3–13.6) | 12, 4.7 (2.1–7.3) | |
Education level | ||||||
Middle school or less | 393 (14.9) | 6,608,716 (19.0) | 0.752a
| 22, 5.5 (4.2–7.7) | 55, 13.9 (10.5–17.4) | 20, 5.2 (3.0–7.4) |
High school | 1208 (44.5) | 15,234,829 (43.8) | 60, 5.0 (3.8–6.3) | 111, 9.2 (7.5–10.8) | 49, 4.1 (3.0–5.2) | |
College or more | 1068 (39.6) | 12,939,170 (37.2) | 60, 5.6 (4.3–7.0) | 100, 9.5 (7.7–11.2) | 47, 4.4 (3.2–5.7) | |
Not responded | 26 (9.6) | 1, 3.8 (0.0–11.8) | 2, 8.0 (0.0–18.0) | 0, 0.0 (0.0–0.0) | ||
Total | 2695 (100.0) | 34,782,715 (100.0) | 143, 5.3 (4.5–6.2) | 268, 10.0 (8.8–11.1) | 116, 4.3 (3.6–5.1) |
Migraine subjects without anxiety or depression, N = 92 | Migraine subjects with anxiety alone, N = 27 | Migraine subjects with depression alone, N = 8 | Migraine with anxiety and depression, N = 16 |
P-value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Demographics | |||||
Mean age ± SD (years) | 40.4 ± 11.4 | 47.2 ± 14.5 | 42.1 ± 15.7 | 44.5 ± 18.4 | 0.131 |
Women, N (%) | 71 (75.5) | 21 (77.8) | 7 (77.8) | 13 (76.5) | 0.995 |
Headache characteristics | |||||
Unilateral pain, N (%) | 57 (60.6) | 15 (53.6) | 4 (44.4) | 7 (41.2) | 0.409 |
Pulsating quality, N (%) | 72 (76.6) | 21 (77.8) | 7 (77.8) | 12 (70.6) | 0.950 |
Moderate-to-severe severity, N (%) | 72 (75.8) | 22 (81.5) | 8 (88.9) | 17 (100.0) | 0.119 |
Aggravation by movement, N (%) | 60 (63.8) | 21 (77.8) | 5 (55.6) | 15 (88.2) | 0.121 |
Associated symptoms | |||||
Nausea, N (%) | 84 (88.4) | 23 (82.1) | 9 (100.0) | 15 (88.2) | 0.544 |
Vomiting, N (%) | 33 (34.7) | 15 (53.6) | 3 (33.3) | 8 (47.1) | 0.288 |
Photophobia, N (%) | 55 (57.9) | 19 (70.4) | 1 (11.1) | 11 (64.7) | 0.017 |
Phonophobia, N (%) | 63 (67.0) | 21 (77.8) | 6 (66.7) | 13 (76.5) | 0.668 |
Osmophobia, N (%) | 42 (44.7) | 13 (48.1) | 4 (44.4) | 9 (46.3) | 0.930 |
Migraine subjects without anxiety or depression, N = 92 | Migraine subjects with anxiety alone, N = 27 | Migraine subjects with depression alone, N = 8 | Migraine subjects with anxiety and depression, N = 16 |
P-value* | Post hoc analysis with Bonferroni’s correction | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Median (25 %–75 %) | Median (25 %–75 %) | Median (25 %–75 %) | Median (25 %–75 %) | |||
Frequency per month | 1.0 (0.3–3.0) | 2.0 (1.0–5.0) | 1.0 (0.3–4.0) | 8.0 (2.5–21.0) | <0.001 | 1 vs. 2 = 0.596 |
1 vs.3 = 1.000 | ||||||
1 vs. 4 < 0.001 | ||||||
2 vs.3 = 1.000 | ||||||
2 vs. 4 = 0.003 | ||||||
3 vs. 4 = 0.001 | ||||||
VAS score for pain intensity | 6.0 (5.0–7.0) | 7.0 (6.0–8.0) | 7.0 (6.0–8.0) | 7.0 (5.0–9.0) | <0.001 | 1 vs. 2 = 0.011 |
1 vs.3 = 0.824 | ||||||
1 vs. 4 = 0.018 | ||||||
2 vs.3 = 1.000 | ||||||
2 vs. 4 = 1.000 | ||||||
3 vs. 4 = 1.000 | ||||||
HIT–6 score | 50.0 (46.0–58.0) | 57.0 (49.0–60.8) | 62.0 (52.0–70.5) | 64.0 (61.0–67.0) | <0.001 | 1 vs. 2 = 0.074 |
1 vs.3 = 0.004 | ||||||
1 vs. 4 < 0.001 | ||||||
2 vs.3 = 0.545 | ||||||
2 vs. 4 = 0.005 | ||||||
3 vs. 4 = 1.000 |