Introduction
Materials and methods
Isolation of fungal material
Taxonomical identification of fungal cultures
Morphological identification
Molecular identification
Bioactivity screenin
Brine shrimp lethality bioassay
Antimicrobial screening
Initial screening by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC)
Chemical screening
Statistical analysis
Results
Isolation and morphological grouping of endophytic fungi from C. decandra
Molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of isolates
Fungal Species | Max | Total Score | Query Cover | E-Value | % Similarity | Accession No. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Fusarium oxysporum | 1055 | 1055 | 100 % | 0 0.0 | 100.00 % | MK828120.1 |
Clonostachys sp. | 760 | 760 | 98 % | 0.0 | 91.58 % | KY320599.1 |
Fusarium solani | 1020 | 1020 | 99 % | 0.0 | 100.00 % | KC577186.1 |
Bio-screening of isolated fungal isolates
Cytotoxicity test
Antioxidant test
Antimicrobial test
Sample (100 µg/disc) | Diameter of Zone of Inhibition (mm) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bacterial Strain | Fungal Strain | |||||
Gram positive | Gram negative | |||||
B. megaterium | S. aureus | S. typhi | E. coli | A. niger | ||
CEDBE-1 | --- | --- | 7 | --- | --- | |
CEDLE-6 | --- | --- | 8 | --- | --- | |
CEDLE-10 | 9 | --- | 7 | 7 | --- | |
Positive control | KM | 40 | 36 | 47 | 48 | --- |
(30 µg/disc) | KC | --- | --- | --- | --- |
Chemical screening
Strain no | Visual | 254 nm | 365 nm | Remarks on probable compounds |
---|---|---|---|---|
CED | Yellow, Brown, Yellow | No color | Red, Orange, | Flavonoids, Terpenoids, Carotenoid |
CEDBE-1 (Organic Part) | Purple, Pink | Dark quenching spot, Light purple, Light purple | Spot purple, Dark quenching purple. | Anthocyanin |
CEDBE-1 (Aqueous part) | Purple | No color | Spot purple, Dark quenching purple. | Anthocyanin |
CEDLE-6 (Organic part) | Yellow | Dark quenching purple, Light purple | Spot purple, Dark quenching spot, Purple | Anthocyanin |
CEDLE-10 (Organic part) | Purple, Pink | Dark quenching purple, Orange, Light purple. | Dark quenching spot | Anthocyanin |
CEDLE-10 (Aqueous part) | Pink | Purple, Light brown, Brown | Purple | Anthocyanin |