Background
Methods
Data
Measurement
Indicators for family planning | |
Family planning info: Health facility | Percentage of women told of family planning at a health facility |
Family planning worker visit | Percentage of women who were visited by FP worker last 12 months |
Family planning: TV | Percentage of women who heard family planning information on TV last months |
Family planning: Print | Percentage of women who got family planning information on a newspaper last months |
Modern contraceptive | Percentage of women who currently use by a modern method of contraceptive |
Information on pregnancy complication | Percentage of women who were told about pregnancy complications |
Family planning: unmet need | Percentage of women who wanted the last child later / wanted no more |
Indicators for antenatal care | |
Health worker’s (HW) assistance during pregnancy outside a facility | Percentage of pregnant women who had care at an informal setting |
ANC: nurse assisted | Percentage of pregnant women who got assistance from a nurse/midwife during pregnancy |
ANC: government health facility | Percentage of pregnant women who received antenatal care at a form of government/public health care center |
ANC: Private health facility | Percentage of pregnant women who received antenatal care at a form the private healthcare center |
ANC: 1st trimester | Percentage of pregnant women who received antenatal care in the first 12 weeks of pregnancy |
ANC: 4+ tetanus injection | Percentage of pregnant women who received tetanus injections before birth |
ANC: Home | Percentage of pregnant women who had antenatal care at a home |
Indicators for delivery care | |
Delivery: home | Percentage of pregnant women who had childbirth at a home |
Delivery: government health facility | Percentage of pregnant women who had childbirth at a form of government/public health care center |
Delivery: private health facility | Percentage of pregnant women who had childbirth at a form of a private health care center |
Birth assistance: Doctor | Percentage of pregnant women who had childbirth assisted by a Doctor |
Caesarean section | Percentage of pregnant women who had Caesarean section childbirth |
Household Wealth
Equity analysis
Results
Concentration curve of household wealth-related inequality in use of reproductive health care services
Concentration indices of household wealth-related inequality in the use of reproductive health care services
Service type / covariate | Ghana | Nigeria | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2003 | 2008 | 2014 | 2003 | 2008 | 2013 | |
Family planning info: health facility | -0.01 | -0.04 | -0.04* | 0.14* | 0.14* | 0.15* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0* | 0.05 | -0.02 | 0.14 | 0.18* | 0.18* |
25-49 | -0.01 | -0.06 | -0.05* | 0.13* | 0.12* | 0.14* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | -0.02 | -0.06 | -0.01 | 0.04 | 0.06 | 0.03 |
Currently / previously | -0.01 | -0.04 | -0.04* | 0.14* | 0.14* | 0.16* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.05 | 0 | 0 | 0.2 | 0.18* | 0.21* |
Professional / sales | 0 | -0.04 | -0.07* | 0.14* | 0.09* | 0.12* |
Agriculture | -0.01 | -0.05 | 0 | 0.06 | 0.11* | 0.08 |
Others | -0.02 | 0.02 | -0.01 | 0.13 | 0.16* | 0.14* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | -0.02 | -0.01 | -0.02 | 0.02 | 0.08* | 0.05* |
Rural | -0.02 | -0.01 | -0.01 | 0.15 | 0.16* | 0.19* |
Family planning worker visit | -0.09* | -0.02 | -0.05 | 0.25* | 0.39* | 0.4* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.01 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.22 | 0.49* | 0.43* |
25-49 | -0.11* | -0.04 | -0.06 | 0.25* | 0.35* | 0.38* |
Marital status | -0.09* | -0.02 | -0.05 | 0.25* | 0.39* | 0.4* |
Never | -0.1 | 0.09 | 0.03 | -0.03 | -0.04 | 0.01 |
Currently / previously | -0.09* | -0.02 | -0.06 | 0.26* | 0.4* | 0.41* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.07 | 0.15 | -0.03 | 0.43* | 0.51* | 0.44* |
Professional / sales | -0.18* | -0.08 | 0.02 | 0.27* | 0.32* | 0.37* |
Agriculture | -0.06 | -0.14* | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.25* | 0.2* |
Others | -0.15 | 0.06 | -0.13 | 0.31 | 0.4* | 0.36* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | -0.15* | -0.01 | 0 | 0.18* | 0.2* | 0.14* |
Rural | -0.04 | -0.02 | 0 | 0.22 | 0.39* | 0.42* |
Family planning: TV | 0.37* | 0.4* | 0.28* | 0.5* | 0.58* | 0.56* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.3* | 0.37* | 0.26* | 0.44* | 0.6* | 0.61* |
25-49 | 0.39* | 0.41* | 0.29* | 0.51* | 0.56* | 0.53* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | 0.2* | 0.22* | 0.2* | 0.12 | 0.29* | 0.31* |
Currently / previously | 0.37* | 0.42* | 0.29* | 0.51* | 0.59* | 0.57* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.33* | 0.4* | 0.24* | 0.52* | 0.64* | 0.65* |
Professional / sales | 0.23* | 0.27* | 0.15* | 0.45* | 0.48* | 0.5* |
Agriculture | 0.32* | 0.46* | 0.32* | 0.51* | 0.41* | 0.32* |
Others | 0.27* | 0.26* | 0.21* | 0.42* | 0.51* | 0.49* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | 0.17* | 0.19* | 0.13* | 0.29* | 0.28* | 0.25* |
Rural | 0.32* | 0.44* | 0.35* | 0.39* | 0.63* | 0.63* |
Family planning: print | 0.54* | 0.52* | 0.42* | 0.43* | 0.65* | 0.64* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.5* | 0.56* | 0.25 | 0.4* | 0.63* | 0.62* |
25-49 | 0.55* | 0.51* | 0.44* | 0.44* | 0.64* | 0.62* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | 0.28 | 0.5 | 0.36 | 0.22 | 0.36* | 0.26 |
Currently / previously | 0.55* | 0.52* | 0.43* | 0.45* | 0.66* | 0.65* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.45* | 0.46* | 0.14 | 0.42* | 0.7* | 0.73* |
Professional / sales | 0.4* | 0.43* | 0.31* | 0.4* | 0.57* | 0.56* |
Agriculture | 0.43* | 0.55* | 0.32 | 0.47 | 0.42* | 0.5* |
Others | 0.43* | 0.37* | 0.19 | 0.38* | 0.57* | 0.59* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | 0.31* | 0.36* | 0.26* | 0.34* | 0.39* | 0.36* |
Rural | 0.45* | 0.54* | 0.45* | 0.3* | 0.67* | 0.67* |
Modern contraceptive | 0.01 | -0.05 | -0.06* | 0.03 | -0.04* | -0.02 |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.01 | -0.05 | -0.08* | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.02 |
25-49 | 0.01 | -0.04 | -0.05* | 0.03 | -0.05* | -0.02 |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | 0.04 | -0.17 | -0.06 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.07* |
Currently / previously | 0.01 | -0.04 | -0.06* | 0.03 | -0.04* | -0.02 |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | -0.01 | -0.08 | -0.05 | 0.05 | -0.05 | -0.03 |
Professional / sales | 0.02 | -0.04 | -0.08* | 0.02 | -0.03 | -0.01 |
Agriculture | 0.01 | -0.07* | 0 | 0.04 | -0.09* | -0.03 |
Others | -0.02 | -0.01 | -0.07* | -0.02 | 0 | -0.05 |
Location | ||||||
Urban | -0.02 | -0.06 | -0.07* | 0.02 | -0.02 | 0 |
Rural | 0.02 | -0.05 | -0.02 | 0.03 | -0.04* | -0.03 |
Information on pregnancy complication | 0.08* | 0.07* | 0.02* | 0.13* | 0.12* | 0.1* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.06* | 0.06* | 0 | 0.16* | 0.12* | 0.1* |
25-49 | 0.09* | 0.07* | 0.02* | 0.11* | 0.11* | 0.09* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | 0.15* | 0.1 | 0 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.08* |
Currently / previously | 0.08* | 0.07* | 0.02* | 0.13* | 0.12* | 0.1* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.15* | 0 | 0 | 0.17* | 0.15* | 0.1* |
Professional / sales | 0.06* | 0.04* | 0 | 0.11* | 0.09* | 0.09* |
Agriculture | 0.1 | 0.06* | 0 | 0.1 | 0 | 0.07* |
Others | 0.1 | 0 | 0.03* | 0.11* | 0.11* | 0.08* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | 0 | 0 | 0.02* | 0.08* | 0.07* | 0.05* |
Rural | 0.07* | 0.07* | 0 | 0.09* | 0.1* | 0.08* |
Family planning: unmet need | 0.01 | 0.01 | -0.02 | 0.05 | 0.18* | 0.18* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.08* | 0.06 | 0.05 | 0.11 | 0.25* | 0.22* |
25-49 | -0.02 | -0.01 | -0.03 | 0.03 | 0.17* | 0.17* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | -0.03 | 0.09* | -0.03 | 0.03 | 0.04 | 0 |
Currently / previously | 0.01 | -0.01 | -0.02 | 0.05 | 0.19* | 0.19* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.06 | 0.03 | -0.04 | 0.08 | 0.21* | 0.29* |
Professional / sales | -0.04 | -0.09* | -0.11* | 0.07 | 0.16* | 0.21* |
Agriculture | 0.07* | 0.09* | 0.08 | 0.06 | 0.12* | 0.01 |
Others | -0.02 | -0.06 | -0.07 | 0.11 | 0.3* | 0.19* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | -0.02 | -0.08 | -0.11* | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.02 |
Rural | 0.07* | 0.07* | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.22* | 0.21* |
Service type / covariate | Ghana | Nigeria | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2003 | 2008 | 2014 | 2003 | 2008 | 2013 | |
Health worker’s assistance during pregnancy outside a facility | -0.25* | -0.21* | -0.27* | -0.17* | -0.21* | -0.21* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | -0.23* | -0.06 | -0.19* | -0.13* | -0.14* | -0.15* |
25-49 | -0.26* | -0.25* | -0.29* | -0.19* | -0.23* | -0.23* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | -0.21* | -0.2 | -0.2 | -0.23 | -0.15* | -0.17* |
Currently / previously | -0.25* | -0.21* | -0.28* | -0.17* | -0.21* | -0.21* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | -0.29* | -0.32* | -0.2* | -0.16* | -0.17* | -0.17* |
Professional / sales | -0.35* | -0.2* | -0.29* | -0.19* | -0.28* | -0.26* |
Agriculture | -0.07* | -0.03 | -0.08 | -0.14* | -0.09* | -0.1* |
Others | -0.29* | -0.24* | -0.23* | -0.18* | -0.23* | -0.23* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | -0.3* | -0.18* | -0.19* | -0.22* | -0.27* | -0.24* |
Rural | -0.09* | -0.07* | -0.17* | -0.1* | -0.13* | -0.11* |
ANC: nurse assisted | 0.29* | 0.24* | 0.11* | 0.33* | 0.4* | 0.39* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.26* | 0.19* | 0.11* | 0.32* | 0.4* | 0.39* |
25-49 | 0.3* | 0.25* | 0.11* | 0.33* | 0.39* | 0.39* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | 0.1 | 0.11* | 0.09* | 0.15 | 0.23* | 0.16* |
Currently / previously | 0.29* | 0.24* | 0.11* | 0.34* | 0.4* | 0.4* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.26* | 0.2* | 0.08* | 0.46* | 0.49* | 0.47* |
Professional / sales | 0.16* | 0.14* | 0.04* | 0.3* | 0.35* | 0.38* |
Agriculture | 0.21* | 0.26* | 0.12* | 0.28* | 0.26* | 0.2* |
Others | 0.21* | 0.14* | 0.08* | 0.29* | 0.4* | 0.38* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | 0.06* | 0.06* | 0.02 | 0.16* | 0.17* | 0.12* |
Rural | 0.24* | 0.24* | 0.12* | 0.31* | 0.41* | 0.43* |
ANC: government health facility | -0.02* | -0.03* | -0.04* | -0.04 | -0.07* | -0.07* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | -0.01 | -0.01 | -0.02 | -0.04 | -0.05* | -0.06* |
25-49 | -0.02* | -0.04* | -0.05* | -0.04 | -0.07* | -0.07* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | -0.08* | 0.02 | 0 | -0.15 | -0.03 | -0.05 |
Currently / previously | -0.02* | -0.03* | -0.04* | -0.04 | -0.07* | -0.07* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | -0.01 | -0.04* | -0.03* | -0.02 | -0.08* | -0.08* |
Professional / sales | -0.02 | -0.02 | -0.05* | -0.05* | -0.08* | -0.08* |
Agriculture | 0 | -0.01 | 0 | -0.06 | 0 | -0.01 |
Others | -0.03 | -0.05* | -0.02 | -0.07 | -0.1* | -0.09* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | -0.03* | -0.01 | -0.04* | -0.03 | -0.1* | -0.07* |
Rural | 0 | -0.02* | -0.02* | -0.03 | -0.03* | -0.03* |
ANC: private health facility | 0.24* | 0.3* | 0.36* | 0.2* | 0.23* | 0.27* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.21 | 0.23* | 0.21* | 0.27* |
25-49 | 0.27* | 0.34* | 0.38* | 0.19* | 0.23* | 0.25* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | 0.44* | -0.1 | 0.26 | 0.37* | 0.17 | 0.17* |
Currently / previously | 0.23* | 0.33* | 0.36* | 0.19* | 0.23* | 0.27* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.12 | 0.42* | 0.27* | 0.24* | 0.35* | 0.37* |
Professional / sales | 0.17* | 0.16 | 0.32* | 0.18* | 0.23* | 0.27* |
Agriculture | 0.15 | 0.12 | -0.08 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Others | 0.19* | 0.32* | 0.27* | 0.24* | 0.26* | 0.33* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | 0.17* | 0.11 | 0.26* | 0.14* | 0.21* | 0.17* |
Rural | 0.09 | 0.32* | 0.26* | 0.18 | 0.15* | 0.21* |
ANC: 1st trimester | 0.09* | 0.09* | 0.07* | -0.01 | 0.03 | 0.04 |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.08* | 0.08 | 0.05 | 0.05 | -0.03 | 0.01 |
25-49 | 0.09* | 0.09* | 0.07* | -0.03 | 0.04* | 0.04 |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.08* | 0.24 | -0.06 | 0.02 |
Currently / previously | 0.09* | 0.1* | 0.07* | -0.02 | 0.03 | 0.04 |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.13* | 0.1* | 0.08* | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.06 |
Professional / sales | 0.07* | 0.07* | 0.05* | -0.05 | 0.06* | 0.04 |
Agriculture | 0.06* | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0 | 0.01 | -0.06 |
Others | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.05* | -0.03 | 0.1* | 0.11* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | 0.06* | 0.08* | 0.07* | 0.07 | 0.1* | 0.09* |
Rural | 0.06* | 0.08* | 0.07* | -0.06 | 0.01 | 0.04* |
ANC: +4 tetanus injection | 0.05* | 0.03* | 0.02* | 0.23* | 0.27* | 0.22* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.05* | 0.04* | 0.02* | 0.24* | 0.28* | 0.22* |
25-49 | 0.05* | 0.03* | 0.02* | 0.23* | 0.25* | 0.22* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | 0.01 | 0.07* | 0.02 | 0.08 | 0.1* | 0.07* |
Currently / previously | 0.05* | 0.03* | 0.02* | 0.24* | 0.27* | 0.23* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.04 | 0.06* | 0.01 | 0.33* | 0.35* | 0.29* |
Professional / sales | 0.02* | 0.02* | 0.01 | 0.24* | 0.23* | 0.21* |
Agriculture | 0.05* | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.14* | 0.18* | 0.1* |
Others | 0.03* | 0.03* | 0.01 | 0.21* | 0.27* | 0.19* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | 0.01 | 0.02* | 0.01 | 0.11* | 0.09* | 0.06* |
Rural | 0.03* | 0.03* | 0.02* | 0.2* | 0.28* | 0.23* |
ANC: home | -0.26* | -0.25* | -0.1 | -0.23* | -0.15* | 0.05 |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | -0.07 | -0.23 | 0.15 | -0.23 | -0.08 | 0.21* |
25-49 | -0.3* | -0.26 | -0.19 | -0.24* | -0.17* | 0.01 |
Marital status+ | ||||||
Never | 0.08 | - | -0.34 | -0.31 | -0.08 | -0.02 |
Currently / previously | -0.27* | - | -0.07 | -0.22* | -0.16* | 0.06 |
Maternal occupation+ | ||||||
Not working | -0.22 | - | 0.21 | -0.33 | -0.22* | 0.05 |
Professional / sales | -0.27 | - | -0.13 | -0.22 | -0.14* | 0.09 |
Agriculture | -0.24 | - | -0.06 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.11 |
Others | -0.43 | - | -0.53 | -0.24 | -0.07 | 0.13 |
Location+ | ||||||
Urban | -0.41 | - | -0.18 | -0.29* | -0.13 | -0.02 |
Rural | -0.1 | - | 0.03 | -0.12 | -0.09* | 0.11 |
Service type / covariate | Ghana | Nigeria | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2003 | 2008 | 2014 | 2003 | 2008 | 2013 | |
Delivery: home | -0.14* | -0.13* | -0.1* | -0.12* | -0.15* | -0.14* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | -0.13* | -0.09* | -0.07* | -0.09* | -0.12* | -0.11* |
25-49 | -0.15* | -0.14* | -0.1* | -0.12* | -0.16* | -0.15* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | -0.1* | -0.1* | -0.07* | -0.09* | -0.09* | -0.09* |
Currently / previously | -0.14* | -0.13* | -0.1* | -0.11* | -0.15* | -0.14* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | -0.14* | -0.11* | -0.07* | -0.11* | -0.14* | -0.13* |
Professional / sales | -0.12* | -0.09* | -0.06* | -0.13* | -0.17* | -0.16* |
Agriculture | -0.06* | -0.09* | -0.06* | -0.08* | -0.08* | -0.06* |
Others | -0.13* | -0.1* | -0.08* | -0.11* | -0.17* | -0.15* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | -0.07* | -0.05* | -0.04* | -0.09* | -0.12* | -0.09* |
Rural | -0.07* | -0.1* | -0.07* | -0.08* | -0.11* | -0.09* |
Delivery: government health facility | 0.10* | 0.10* | 0.06* | 0.05* | 0.07* | 0.08* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.08* | 0.07* | 0.06* | 0.04* | 0.06* | 0.07* |
25-49 | 0.11* | 0.11* | 0.07* | 0.06* | 0.08* | 0.08* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | 0.04 | 0.1* | 0.06* | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.03 |
Currently / previously | 0.11* | 0.1* | 0.07* | 0.05* | 0.07* | 0.08* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.08* | 0.06* | 0.04* | 0.06* | 0.07* | 0.08* |
Professional / sales | 0.09* | 0.07* | 0.03* | 0.05* | 0.08* | 0.08* |
Agriculture | 0.04* | 0.07* | 0.06* | 0.03 | 0.05* | 0.04* |
Others | 0.11* | 0.07* | 0.06* | 0.05* | 0.07* | 0.07* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | 0.04* | 0.03* | 0.01 | 0.03 | 0.03* | 0.03* |
Rural | 0.05* | 0.08* | 0.06* | 0.03* | 0.06* | 0.06* |
Delivery: private health facility | 0.04* | 0.03* | 0.03* | 0.06* | 0.08* | 0.07* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.04* | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.05* | 0.05* | 0.05* |
25-49 | 0.04* | 0.03* | 0.03* | 0.07* | 0.09* | 0.07* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | 0.06 | 0 | 0.01 | 0.09* | 0.06* | 0.05* |
Currently / previously | 0.04* | 0.03* | 0.03* | 0.06* | 0.08* | 0.07* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.06* | 0.06* | 0.03 | 0.06* | 0.06* | 0.05* |
Professional / sales | 0.03* | 0.02 | 0.04* | 0.07* | 0.09* | 0.08* |
Agriculture | 0.01* | 0.02* | 0 | 0.06* | 0.03* | 0.01 |
Others | 0.02* | 0.02 | 0.02 | 0.06* | 0.09* | 0.07* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.03* | 0.06* | 0.09* | 0.06* |
Rural | 0.01* | 0.02* | 0.01 | 0.04* | 0.04* | 0.03* |
Birth assistance: doctor | 0.03* | 0.04* | 0.05* | 0.04* | 0.06* | 0.05* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.03* | 0.01 | 0.02 | 0.03* | 0.03* | 0.03* |
25-49 | 0.04* | 0.05* | 0.06* | 0.04* | 0.06* | 0.06* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.04* | 0.11* | 0.03* | 0.03* |
Currently / previously | 0.03* | 0.04* | 0.05* | 0.03* | 0.06* | 0.05* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.05* | 0.06* | 0.03* | 0.03* | 0.05* | 0.04* |
Professional / sales | 0.04* | 0.04* | 0.06* | 0.05* | 0.07* | 0.06* |
Agriculture | 0.01* | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.04 | 0.01* | 0.02* |
Others | 0.04* | 0.04* | 0.06* | 0.03* | 0.06* | 0.05* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | 0.04* | 0.04* | 0.05* | 0.05* | 0.08* | 0.07* |
Rural | 0.01 | 0.02* | 0.03* | 0.01* | 0.02* | 0.02* |
C Section | 0.45* | 0.30* | 0.31* | 0.49* | 0.58* | 0.49* |
Age group | ||||||
15-24 | 0.37 | 0.05 | 0.07 | 0.22 | 0.46* | 0.33* |
25-49 | 0.47* | 0.34* | 0.32* | 0.54* | 0.59* | 0.52* |
Marital status | ||||||
Never | 0.38 | 0.26 | 0.2 | 0.53 | 0.57* | 0.27 |
Currently / previously | 0.45* | 0.31* | 0.32* | 0.48* | 0.58* | 0.5* |
Maternal occupation | ||||||
Not working | 0.36 | 0.26 | 0.15 | 0.5* | 0.6* | 0.59* |
Professional / sales | 0.45* | 0.19* | 0.28* | 0.44* | 0.55* | 0.49* |
Agriculture | 0.14 | 0.28 | 0.11 | 0.61 | 0.19 | 0.28 |
Others | 0.43 | 0.25 | 0.27* | 0.45 | 0.46* | 0.43* |
Location | ||||||
Urban | 0.36* | 0.11 | 0.19* | 0.36* | 0.41* | 0.36* |
Rural | 0.14 | 0.38* | 0.3* | 0.29 | 0.52* | 0.37* |