nach oben

International Journal of Public Health

Erschienen in:

01.12.2009 | Original Article

Factors influencing cigarette smoking and quantified implications for anti-smoking policy: evidence from South Korea

verfasst von: Woojin Chung, Hanjoong Kim, Seungji Lim, Sunmi Lee, Kyungsook Cho

Erschienen in: International Journal of Public Health | Ausgabe 6/2009

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Objectives

The aim of this study was to determine the factors that are associated with adult males’ smoking in South Korea and simulate the effects of a potential anti-smoking policy.

Methods

We conducted a national, cross-sectional, telephone survey among males aged 20 years and older in 2006 and analyzed a dataset of 2,847 subjects by using the full information maximum likelihood sample selection model.

Results

The likelihood of smoking was highest among the wealthy, employed, Christian, or people who exercise regularly. The low rate of smoking participation was associated with either low pure alcohol intake or increased awareness of lung cancer from smoking. We found that policies to reduce cigarette consumption should focus on lowering smoking participation rather than the amount of cigarettes smoked. Compared to the current state, a policy package consisting of mutually reinforcing measures could reduce the probability of smoking and the average number of cigarettes consumed among all adult males by 34 and 51%, respectively.

Conclusions

Understanding the country-specific factors affecting smoking behavior and selecting an appropriate anti-smoking measure could greatly reduce smoking participation and cigarette consumption.

Bae JM, Lee MS, Shin MH, Kim DH, Li ZM, Ahn YO (2007) Cigarette smoking and risk of lung cancer in Korean men: the Seoul Male Cancer Cohort Study. J Korean Med Sci 22:508–512CrossRefPubMed

Baker F, Dye JT, Denniston MM, Ainsworth SR (2001) Risk perception and cigar smoking behavior. Am J Health Behav 25:106–114PubMed

Centers for Disease Control, Prevention (2003) Prevalence of current cigarette smoking among adults and changes in prevalence of current and some day smoking—United States, 1996–2001. JAMA 289:2355–2356CrossRef

Cha BS, Chang SJ, Park JG, Ko SB, Kang MG, Ko SY (1997) Effects of cigarette smoking on psycho social distress and occupational risks. J Prev Med Public Health 30:540–554

Chaloupka FJ, Cummings KM, Morley CP, Horan JK (2002) Tax, price and cigarette smoking: evidence from the tobacco documents and implications for tobacco company marketing strategies. Tob Control 11:I62–I172PubMedCrossRef

Cho HJ, Khang YH, Yun SC (2006) Occupational differentials in cigarette smoking in South Korea: findings from the 2003 Social Statistics Survey. J Prev Med Public Health 39:365–370PubMed

Cho HJ, Khang YH, Jun HJ, Kawachi I (2008) Marital status and smoking in Korea: the influence of gender and age. Soc Sci Med 66:609–619CrossRefPubMed

Chun H, Doyal L, Payne S, Il-Cho S, Kim IH (2006) Understanding women, health, and social change: the case of South Korea. Int J Health Serv 36:575–592CrossRefPubMed

Chung W, Lim S, Lee S, Choi S, Shin K, Cho K (2007) The effect of cigarette price on smoking behavior in Korea. J Prev Med Public Health 40:371–380CrossRefPubMed

Derby CA, Lasater TM, Vass K, Gonzalez S, Carleton RA (1994) Characteristics of smokers who attempt to quit and of those who recently succeeded. Am J Prev Med 10:327–334PubMed

Deuchler M (1992) The Confucian transformation of Korea: a study of society and ideology. Council on East Asia Studies, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA (Harvard-Yenching Institute Monograph Series 36)

Deuchler M (2003) Propagating female virtues in Choson Korea. In: Ko D, Haboush JK, Piggott JR (eds) Women and Confucian cultures in premodern China, Korea, and Japan. University of California Press, Berkeley

Evans NJ, Gilpin E, Pierce JP, Burns DM, Borland R, Johnson M, Bal D (1992) Occasional smoking among adults: evidence from the California Tobacco Survey. Tob Control 1:169–175CrossRef

Fukuda Y, Nakamura K, Takano T (2005) Socioeconomic pattern of smoking in Japan: income inequality and gender and age differences. Ann Epidemiol 15:365–372CrossRefPubMed

Gilpin E, Cavin SW, Pierce JP (1997) Adult smokers who do not smoke daily. Addiction 92:473–480CrossRefPubMed

Greene WH (2003) Econometric analysis. Prentice–Hall, New Jersey

Gregorio DI, Walsh SJ, Paturzo D (1997) The effects of occupation-based social position on mortality in a large American cohort. Am J Public Health 87:1472–1475CrossRefPubMed

Heckman JJ (1976) The common structure of statistical models of truncation, sample selection and limited dependent variables and a simple estimator for such models. Ann Econ Soc Meas 5:475–492

Holbrook AL, Green MC, Krosnick J (2003) Telephone versus face-to-face interviewing of national probability samples with long questionnaires: comparisons of respondent satisfying and social desirability response bias. Public Opin Q 67:79–125CrossRef

Hu TW, Ren QF, Keeler TE, Bartlett J (1995) The demand for cigarettes in California and behavioural risk factors. Health Econ 4:7–14CrossRefPubMed

Hyland A, Levy DT, Rezaishiraz H, Hughes JR, Bauer JE, Giovino GA, Cummings KM (2005) Reduction in amount smoked predicts future cessation. Psychol Addict Behav 19:221–225CrossRefPubMed

Jabbour S, Fouad FM (2004) Religion-based tobacco control interventions: how should WHO proceed? Bull World Health Organ 82:923–927PubMed

Kang HY, Kim HJ, Park TK, Jee SH, Nam CM, Park HW (2003) Economic burden of smoking in Korea. Tob Control 12:37–44CrossRefPubMed

Khang YH, Cho HJ (2006) Socioeconomic inequality in cigarette smoking: trends by gender, age, and socioeconomic position in South Korea, 1989–2003. Prev Med 42:415–422CrossRefPubMed

Khang Y, Yun S, Cho H, Jung-Choi K (2009) The impact of governmental antismoking policy on socioeconomic disparities in cigarette smoking in South Korea. Nicotine Tob Res 11:262–269CrossRefPubMed

King TK, Marcus BH, Pinto BM, Emmons KM, Abrams DB (1996) Cognitive-behavioral mediators of changing multiple behaviors: smoking and a sedentary lifestyle. Prev Med 25:684–691CrossRefPubMed

Korean Association of Smoking and Health (2007) Smoking participation rate. Smoking in Korea. Seoul, Korea

Lee SY, Jee SH, Yun JE, Kim SY, Lee J, Samet JM, Kim IS (2007) Medical expenditure of national health insurance attributable to smoking among the Korean population. J Prev Med Public Health 40:227–232CrossRefPubMed

Management Center for Health Promotion of Korea (2006) A study of the effectiveness of price policy for tobacco control. Seoul, Korea

McAuley E, Mihalko SL, Bane SM (1997) Exercise and self-esteem in middle-aged adults: multidimensional relationships and physical fitness and self-efficacy influences. J Behav Med 20:67–83CrossRefPubMed

McCoy SB, Gibbons FX, Reis TJ, Gerrard M, Luus CA, Sufka AV (1992) Perceptions of smoking risk as a function of smoking status. J Behav Med 15:469–488CrossRefPubMed

McKee SA, O’Malley SS, Salovey P, Krishnan-Sarun S, Mazure CM (2005) Perceived risks and benefits of smoking cessation: gender-specific predictors of motivation and treatment outcome. Addict Behav 30:13CrossRef

Mullen K, Williams R, Hunt K (1996) Irish descent, religion, and alcohol and tobacco use. Addiction 91:243–254CrossRefPubMed

Nawata K (1993) A note on the estimation of models with sample-selection biases. Econ Lett 42:15–24CrossRef

Nawata K (1994) Estimation of sample selection bias models by the maximum likelihood estimator and Heckman’s two-step estimator. Econ Lett 45:33–40CrossRef

Nawata K, Nagase N (1996) Estimation of sample selection bias models. Econom Rev 15:387–400CrossRef

Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (2005) Health at a glance. OECD indicators 2005. OECD, Paris

Palmer SJ (1967) Korea and Christianity: the problem of identification with tradition. Hollym Corporation, Seoul

Reijneveld SA (1998) The impact of individual and area characteristics on urban socioeconomic differences in health and smoking. Int J Epidemiol 27:33–40CrossRefPubMed

Sedgwick AW, Davidson AH, Taplin RE, Thomas DW (1988) Effects of physical activity on risk factors for coronary heart disease in previously sedentary women: a five-year longitudinal study. Aust N Z J Med 18:600–605PubMed

Sheu ML, Hu TW, Keeler TE, Ong M, Sung HY (2004) The effect of a major cigarette price change on smoking behavior in California: a zero-inflated negative binomial model. Health Econ 13:781–791CrossRefPubMed

Sung NY, Choi KS, Park EC, Park K, Lee SY, Lee AK, Choi IJ, Jung KW, Won YJ, Shin HR (2007) Smoking, alcohol and gastric cancer risk in Korean men: the National Health Insurance Corporation Study. Br J Cancer 97:700–704CrossRefPubMed

US Department of Health and Human Services (2001) Women and smoking: a report of the surgeon general-2001. US Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville

Ussher MH, Taylor AH, West R, McEwen A (2000) Does exercise aid smoking cessation? A systematic review. Addiction 95:199–208CrossRefPubMed

Wankel LM, Sefton JM (1994) Exercise and other lifestyle behaviors. In: Bouchard C, Shephard RJ, Stephens T (eds) Exercise, fitness and health. Human Kinetics, Champaign, IL

World Health Organization (2000) International guide for monitoring alcohol consumption and related harm

Zhu SH, Sun J, Hawkins S, Pierce J, Cummins S (2003) A population study of low-rate smokers: quitting history and instability over time. Health Psychol 22:245–252CrossRefPubMed

Titel: Factors influencing cigarette smoking and quantified implications for anti-smoking policy: evidence from South Korea
verfasst von: Woojin Chung
Hanjoong Kim
Seungji Lim
Sunmi Lee
Kyungsook Cho
Publikationsdatum: 01.12.2009
Verlag: SP Birkhäuser Verlag Basel
Erschienen in: International Journal of Public Health / Ausgabe 6/2009
Print ISSN: 1661-8556
Elektronische ISSN: 1661-8564
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00038-009-0087-x

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Objectives

Methods

Results

Conclusions

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2009

Tobacco use among institutionalized adolescents in Turkey: does social environment affect the risk?

Beliefs regarding smoking in the workplace: results from the Global Workplace Smoking Survey

Prevalence of youth cigarette smoking and selected social factors in 25 European countries: findings from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey

A little bit is not good enough: comprehensive smoking control is needed

Support for smoke-free policies in a pro-smoking culture: findings from the European survey on tobacco control attitudes and knowledge

Are there health benefits associated with comprehensive smoke-free laws