Background
Methods
Use of human subjects
Family | Cancer type | Pathology | BRCA1/2 | Exome | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reads | Bases | Bases map rate (%) | Coverage | Variant called | ||||
Family 1 | ||||||||
1 | Breast | Infiltrating ductal |
-
| 42,973,730 | 4,340,346,730 | 97.6 | 70 | 184,865 |
2 | Breast | Not available |
-
| 40,158,059 | 4,055,963,959 | 98.3 | 65 | 152,692 |
3 | Breast | Infiltrating ductal |
-
| 46,240,754 | 4,670,316,154 | 97.2 | 75 | 176,554 |
4 | Prostate | Adenocarcinoma |
-
| 23,418,595 | 2,365,278,095 | 98.1 | 38 | 207,103 |
5 | No Cancer |
-
| 40,313,161 | 4,071,629,261 | 98.0 | 66 | 213,347 | |
6 | Breast, Colon | Adenocarcinoma |
-
| 17,496,012 | 1,767,097,212 | 97.9 | 28 | 183,741 |
7 | Brain | Not available |
-
| 36,166,319 | 3,652,798,219 | 99.5 | 59 | 171,425 |
8 | Breast | Adenocarcinoma |
-
| 27,830,687 | 2,810,899,387 | 96.3 | 45 | 104,343 |
Family 2 | ||||||||
1 | Breast, Breast | Medullary, infiltrating ductal |
-
| 33,419,098 | 3,375,328,898 | 92.9 | 54 | 113,079 |
2 | Obligated carrier |
-
| 27,261,117 | 2,753,372,817 | 92.4 | 44 | 115,328 | |
3 | Breast | Infiltrating ductal |
-
| 40,973,473 | 4,138,320,773 | 99.6 | 67 | 127,272 |
4 | Breast | Ductal carcinoma in situ |
-
| 29,561,523 | 2,985,713,823 | 91.5 | 48 | 108,655 |
5 | Breast | Infiltrating ductal |
-
| 25,790,969 | 2,604,887,869 | 93.1 | 42 | 84,687 |
6 | Breast | Infiltrating ductal |
-
| 37,657,589 | 3,803,416,489 | 91.6 | 61 | 139,891 |
7 | No Cancer |
-
| 17,433,912 | 1,760,825,112 | 91.6 | 28 | 131,786 | |
8 | No Cancer |
-
| 35,977,512 | 3,633,728,712 | 97.3 | 59 | 128,680 | |
Family 3 | ||||||||
1 | Endometrial | Adenocarcinoma |
-
| 33,662,978 | 3,399,960,778 | 93.2 | 55 | 129,754 |
2 | Breast, Skin | Basal, infiltrating ductal |
-
| 29,648,460 | 2,994,494,460 | 98.3 | 48 | 198,862 |
3 | No Cancer |
-
| 53,411,156 | 5,394,526,756 | 98.8 | 87 | 193,017 | |
4 | Breast | Infiltrating ductal |
-
| 31,736,845 | 3,205,421,345 | 98.3 | 52 | 130,941 |
5 | Breast | Ductal carcinoma in situ |
-
| 35,014,538 | 3,536,468,338 | 98.4 | 57 | 129,754 |
6 | Breast | Not available |
-
| 38,418,769 | 3,880,295,669 | 97.5 | 62 | 161,953 |
Probands | ||||||||
1 | Breast | Ductal carcinoma in situ |
-
| 17,832,681 | 1,801,100,781 | 93.1 | 29 | 109,864 |
2 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 36,166,319 | 3,652,798,219 | 99.5 | 59 | 142,155 |
3 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 50,944,516 | 5,145,396,116 | 98.4 | 83 | 152,125 |
4 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 43,889,986 | 4,432,888,586 | 99.6 | 71 | 169,633 |
5 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 40,125,408 | 4,052,666,208 | 99.5 | 65 | 153,511 |
6 | Breast | Invasive lobular carcinoma |
-
| 31,798,628 | 3,211,661,428 | 97.5 | 52 | 119,875 |
7 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 49,739,415 | 5,023,680,915 | 99.6 | 81 | 113,058 |
8 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 63,352,269 | 6,398,579,169 | 99.6 | 103 | 99,732 |
9 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 43,744,840 | 4,418,228,840 | 99.5 | 71 | 149,873 |
10 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 43,573,311 | 4,400,904,411 | 99.6 | 71 | 141,236 |
11 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 40,938,838 | 4,134,822,638 | 99.3 | 67 | 143,262 |
12 | Breast | Ductal carcinoma in situ |
-
| 36,258,870 | 3,662,145,870 | 99.6 | 59 | 138,018 |
13 | Breast | Ductal carcinoma in situ |
-
| 34,550,745 | 3,489,625,245 | 99.4 | 56 | 146,858 |
14 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 50,295,200 | 5,079,815,200 | 99.5 | 82 | 156,666 |
15 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 60,736,566 | 6,134,393,166 | 99.7 | 99 | 115,909 |
16 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 57,383,360 | 5,795,719,360 | 99.6 | 93 | 120,945 |
17 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 44,922,611 | 4,537,183,711 | 99.6 | 73 | 110,503 |
18 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 33,883,509 | 3,422,234,409 | 99.4 | 55 | 131,955 |
19 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 49,729,619 | 5,022,691,519 | 99.5 | 81 | 146,665 |
20 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 63,184,143 | 6,381,598,443 | 99.6 | 103 | 119,680 |
21 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 28,002,381 | 2,828,240,481 | 99.6 | 46 | 86,924 |
22 | Breast | Invasive ductal carcinoma |
-
| 47,794,798 | 4,827,274,598 | 99.5 | 78 | 112,030 |
Average | 38,941,211 | 3,933,062,277 | 97.7 | 63 | 140,187 |
Exome sequencing
Exome sequence mapping and variant calling
Power calculation
Validation
Results
Mapping exome data and calling variants
Family | Total (%) | Individual (%) | Shared**(%) |
---|---|---|---|
Family 1 | |||
1 | 37 | 35 | 2 |
2 | 26 | 26 | 0 |
3 | 25 | 15 | 10 |
4 | 48 | 39 | 9 |
6 | 29 | 17 | 12 |
7 | 12 | 6 | 6 |
8 | 14 | 6 | 8 |
Subtotal | 143 (199) | 123 (86) | 20 (14) |
Family 2 | |||
1 | 22 | 13 | 9 |
2 | 15 | 5 | 10 |
3 | 21 | 9 | 12 |
4 | 21 | 12 | 9 |
5 | 16 | 8 | 8 |
6 | 8 | 2 | 6 |
Subtotal | 66 (100) | 47 (71) | 19 (29) |
Family 3 | |||
1 | 39 | 13 | 26 |
2 | 48 | 27 | 21 |
4 | 21 | 12 | 9 |
5 | 32 | 12 | 20 |
6 | 41 | 19 | 22 |
Subtotal | 128 (100) | 83 (65) | 45 (35) |
Total | 337 (100) | 253 (75) | 84 (25) |
Probands
| |||
1 | 35 | 10 | 25 |
2 | 58 | 22 | 36 |
3 | 74 | 28 | 46 |
4 | 77 | 49 | 28 |
5 | 70 | 28 | 42 |
6 | 41 | 16 | 25 |
7 | 31 | 24 | 7 |
8 | 43 | 27 | 16 |
9 | 51 | 19 | 32 |
10 | 61 | 30 | 31 |
11 | 70 | 35 | 35 |
12 | 51 | 12 | 39 |
13 | 55 | 15 | 40 |
14 | 60 | 30 | 30 |
15 | 51 | 31 | 20 |
16 | 41 | 31 | 10 |
17 | 32 | 18 | 14 |
18 | 57 | 25 | 32 |
19 | 58 | 18 | 40 |
20 | 47 | 23 | 24 |
21 | 33 | 25 | 8 |
22 | 34 | 22 | 12 |
Total | 689 (100) | 568 (82) | 121 (18) |
Per proband | 30 | 26 | 6 |
Novel deleterious variants are mostly family-specific
Identification of putative genetic predispositions
Gene | Description | Position | Nucleotide | Amino acid | Type | PolyPhen2* | Cancer-affected member | Frequency | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Score prediction | ||||||||||||||||
Family 1 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 6 | 7 | 8 | |||||||||
GPRIN1 | G protein regulated inducer of neurite outgrowth 1 | chr5:176026123 | c.T713C | p.L238S | Exonic | 0.91 | D | - | + | + | + | + | + | - | 5 | |
PINK1 | PTEN induced putative kinase 1 | chr1:20972051 | c.960-2A > G | Splicing | NA | NA | - | - | + | + | - | - | - | 2 | ||
POLK | Polymerase (DNA directed) kappa | chr5:74892737 | c.A2219G | p.H740R | Exonic | 0.62 | P | - | - | - | + | - | - | - | 1 | |
Family 2 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ||||||||||
KAT6B | K(lysine) acetyltransferase 6B | chr10:76789128 | c.G4546T | p.D1516Y | Exonic | 0.95 | D | - | + | + | + | + | + | 5 | ||
KAT6B | K(lysine) acetyltransferase 6B | chr10:76789311 | c.C4729T | p.R1577C | Exonic | 0.96 | D | - | + | + | + | + | + | 5 | ||
NOTCH2 | Notch 2 | chr1:120459167 | c.C6178T | p.R2060C | Exonic | 0.99 | D | - | - | + | - | - | + | 2 | ||
Family 3 | 1 | 2 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |||||||||||
NANP | N-acetylneuraminic acid phosphatase | chr20:25596725 | c.A583G | p.I195V | Exonic | 0.98 | D | + | - | + | - | - | 2 | |||
PHKB | phosphorylase kinase, beta | chr16:47628126 | c.1204 + 1G > T | Splicing | NA | NA | - | + | - | + | - | 2 | ||||
Proband | ||||||||||||||||
1 | JAKMIP3 | Janus kinase and microtubule interacting protein 3 | chr10:133955524 | c.G1574C | p.G525A | Exonic | 1.00 | D | ||||||||
2 | POLQ | Polymerase (DNA directed), theta | chr3:121207798 | c.A3980C | p.Q1327P | Exonic | 1.00 | D | ||||||||
3 | DUX2 | Double homeobox 2 | chr10:135494906 | Splicing | NA | NA | ||||||||||
4 | UBE2L3 | Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2L 3 | chr22:21975938 | c.G349A | p.E117K | Exonic | 0.96 | D | . | . | ||||||
5 | RAD23B | RAD23 homolog B (S. cerevisiae) | chr9:110087260 | c.C1028T | p.P343L | Exonic | 0.99 | D | . | . | ||||||
7 | GATA3 | GATA binding protein 3 | chr10:8100630 | c.C604T | p.R202C | Exonic | 0.92 | D | ||||||||
8 | KAT6B | K(lysine) acetyltransferase 6B | chr10:76744854 | c.G2390A | p.S797N | Exonic | 0.98 | D | ||||||||
9 | LIG1 | Ligase I, DNA, ATP-dependent | chr19:48637322 | c.G1525A | p.E509K | Exonic | 0.95 | D | . | . | ||||||
10 | LIG4 | Ligase IV, DNA, ATP-dependent | chr13:108862463 | c.G1154A | p.R385K | Exonic | 1.00 | D | ||||||||
14 | NOTCH2 | Notch 2 | chr1:120529603 | c.G854A | p.R285H | Exonic | 1.00 | D | ||||||||
15 | ABL1 | c-abl oncogene 1, non-receptor tyrosine kinase | chr9:133729493 | c.G122A | p.G41D | Exonic | 0.92 | D | ||||||||
16 | TNK2 | Tyrosine kinase, non-receptor, 2 | chr3:195596385 | c.C1760T | p.P587L | Exonic | 1.00 | D | ||||||||
17 | NFRKB | Nuclear factor related to kappaB binding protein | chr11:129755398 | c.G611A | p.R204H | Exonic | 1.00 | D | ||||||||
18 | NFKBIZ | Nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer | chr3:101576029 | Splicing | NA | NA | ||||||||||
19 | SMG1 | SMG1 phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-related kinase | chr16:18879624 | c.C3083T | p.T1028M | Exonic | 0.99 | D | ||||||||
20 | PRKCQ | Protein kinase C, theta | chr10:6528042 | c.G855C | p.Q285H | Exonic | 1.00 | D | ||||||||
21 | ADRA2A | Adrenoceptor alpha 2A | chr10:112838117 | c.C363G | p.C121W | Exonic | 1.00 | D | ||||||||
22 | PPFIA4 | Protein tyrosine phosphatase, receptor type | chr1:203025582 | c.C668T | p.T223M | Exonic | 0.92 | D |