Background
Methods
Animal sampling
Direct immunofluorescence assay (IFA) detection of hantavirus
DNA and RNA extraction and reverse transcription PCR
Genomic sequencing
Sequence analysis
Results
Detection of hantaviruses in several animals
Animal species | Virus Counts (Positive/Tested) | |
---|---|---|
IFA | Nested RT-PCR | |
Rodentia, Cricetidae, Eothenomys | ||
Eothenomys eleusis
| 42/94 | 21/94 |
Rodentia, Muridae, Apodemus | ||
Apodemus peninsulae
| 3/25 | 0/25 |
Apodemus latronum
| 0/9 | 0/9 |
Apodemus chevrieri
| 0/4 | 0/4 |
Apodemus draco
| 0/1 | 0/1 |
Rodentia, Muridae, Niviventer | ||
Niviventer eha
| 3/27 | 0/27 |
Niviventer coxingi
| 0/2 | 0/2 |
Rodentia, Muridae, Vernaya | ||
Vernaya fulva
| 0/1 | 0/1 |
Soricomorpha, Soricidae, Crocidura | ||
Crocidura attenuata
| 0/7 | 0/7 |
Soricomorpha, Soricidae, Cryptotis | ||
Cryptotis montivaga
| 2/8 | 0/8 |
Soricomorpha, Soricidae, Anourosorex | ||
Anourosorex squamipes
| 1/1 | 0/1 |
Soricomorpha, Soricidae, Sorex | ||
Sorex Araneus
| 1/1 | 0/1 |
Sorex alpinus
| 0/4 | 0/4 |
Lagomorpha, Ochotomidae, Ochotona | ||
Ochotona thibetana
| 0/3 | 0/3 |
Carnivora, Mustelidae, Mustela | ||
Mustela sibirica
| 1/2 | 0/2 |
Total | 53/189 | 21/189 |
Genetic characterization and analysis
nt and aa identities (%) | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S segment | M segment | L segment | ||||
Virus species (strain) | 1813 nt | 435 aa | 3636 nt | 1139 aa | 6531 nt | 2152 aa |
Hantavirus LX309
| 63.1 | 88.8 | 75.7 | 84.7 | 76.3 | 87.3 |
Hantavirus YN06-862
| 91.1 | 99 | - | - | - | - |
Andes virus Chile-9717869
| 51.9 | 77.9 | 63.1 | 65.6 | 71.6 | 78 |
Bayou virus F0260003
| 53.4 | 78.3 | 62.2 | 64.5 | 70.8 | 77.7 |
Black Creek Canal virus
| 54 | 72.3 | 62.7 | 65.4 | 71.2 | 77.4 |
Cano Delgadito virus VHV-574
| 53.5 | 72.8 | 61.3 | 62.9 | 71.4 | 78.1 |
Dobrava-Belgrade virus Afl9/1999
| 45.3 | 60.9 | 56.9 | 54.6 | 66 | 68.8 |
El Moro Canyon virus RM-97
| 52.2 | 75.6 | 60.0 | 66.3 | - | - |
Hantaan virus 76–118
| 43.7 | 62.7 | 57.2 | 55.2 | 66.3 | 67.9 |
Isla Vista virus MC-SB-1
| 51.7 | 79 | - | - | - | - |
Khabarovsk virus Fuyuan-Mm-312
| 51.6 | 75.1 | 66.5 | 71 | 72.6 | 79.5 |
Laguna Negra virus 510B
| 52.6 | 75.8 | 62.5 | 64.9 | - | - |
Muleshoe virus SH-Tx-339
| 54.4 | 77.4 | - | - | - | - |
New York virus NY-2
| 53 | 74.9 | 62.9 | 65.6 | - | - |
Prospect Hill virus PH-1
| 50.9 | 77.4 | 67.5 | 71.5 | 70.6 | 79.5 |
Puumala virus Sotkamo
| 50.8 | 74 | 66.5 | 69.8 | 72.2 | 79.3 |
Rio Mamore virus HTN-007
| 52.6 | 77 | 63.2 | 65.6 | 70.9 | 78.3 |
Rio Segundo virus RMx-Costa-1
| 51.9 | 75.1 | - | - | - | - |
Saaremaa virus Saaremaa-160v
| 44.7 | 60.4 | - | - | 66.1 | 69.1 |
Sangassou virus SA14
| 44.8 | 61.6 | 56.6 | 53.8 | 66.6 | 67.8 |
Seoul virus 80–39
| 44.8 | 62.7 | 56.3 | 53.6 | 66.3 | 67.8 |
Sin Nombre virus NM H10
| 52.3 | 75.1 | 63.1 | 65.9 | 71.6 | 77.8 |
Thailand virus Anjozorobe
| 45.9 | 61.6 | 55.3 | 53.5 | 66 | 68.3 |
Thottapalayam virus VRC 66412
| 41.5 | 45.3 | 51.1 | 41.5 | 61.9 | 61.5 |
Topografov virus Ls136V
| 53.4 | 74.4 | 65 | 71.3 | - | - |
Tula virus Moravia/5302v/95
| 51.3 | 77 | 67.5 | 71.5 | 72.5 | 80 |