Background
Methods
Electronic database retrieval
Eligible article screening
Data extraction
Data synthesis
Results
Article retrieval and screening
First author | Year | Region | Race | Assay | Case | Disease type | Control | Control source |
P
HWE
| ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AA | AG | GG | AA | AG | GG | ||||||||
Abbas | 2004 | France | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 21 | 21 | 3 | ESCC | 59 | 56 | 9 | PB | 0.38 |
Cabelguenne | 2001 | France | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 89 | 57 | 16 | HNSCC | 146 | 139 | 25 | HB | 0.31 |
Cai | 2006 | China | Asian | PCR-RFLP | 143 | 58 | 3 | ESCC | 265 | 116 | 12 | PB | 0.87 |
Cho | 2006 | Korea | Asian | Gene sequencing | 201 | 85 | 7 | HNSCC | 211 | 112 | 10 | HB | 0.29 |
Dura | 2013 | Netherlands | Caucasian | PCR | 48 | 42 | 15 | ESCC | 246 | 261 | 84 | PB | 0.27 |
Dzian | 2012 | Netherlands | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 56 | 45 | 11 | LSCC | 153 | 115 | 22 | PB/HB | 0.95 |
Evans | 2004 | USA | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 123 | 132 | 27 | HNSCC | 97 | 85 | 24 | PB | 0.42 |
Fryer | 2005 | Australia | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 59 | 51 | 18 | SSCC | 95 | 90 | 25 | HB | 0.60 |
Harth | 2008 | Germany | Caucasian | PCR-melting-curve | 145 | 122 | 45 | HNSCC | 130 | 138 | 32 | HB | 0.62 |
Jain | 2006 | India | Asian | PCR-RFLP | 46 | 23 | 7 | ESCC | 72 | 56 | 9 | HB | 0.67 |
Jourenkova | 1999a | France | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 49 | 53 | 15 | HNSCC | 86 | 64 | 22 | HB | 0.07 |
Jourenkova | 1999b | France | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 62 | 52 | 15 | HNSCC | 86 | 64 | 22 | HB | 0.07 |
Jourenkova | 1998 | France | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 46 | 41 | 11 | LSCC | 86 | 64 | 22 | HB | 0.07 |
Kelders | 2002 | Netherlands | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 36 | 38 | 13 | HNSCC | 26 | 18 | 7 | HB | 0.20 |
Kihara | 1999 | Japan | Asian | PCR-RFLP | 84 | 32 | 9 | LSCC | 184 | 65 | 8 | HB | 0.45 |
Larsen | 2006 | Australia | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 230 | 213 | 51 | LSCC | 161 | 169 | 49a | HB | 0.66 |
Australia | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 230 | 213 | 51 | LSCC | 112 | 100 | 35b | PB | 0.11 | ||
Leichsenring | 2006 | Brazil | Mixed | PCR-RFLP | 30 | 34 | 8 | HNSCC | 30 | 25 | 5 | PB | 0.95 |
Leite | 2007 | Brazil | Mixed | PCR-RFLP | 14 | 13 | 2 | SSCC | 60 | 46 | 18 | PB | 0.07 |
Lewis | 2002 | UK | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 14 | 17 | 1 | LSCC | 64 | 74 | 13 | HB | 0.19 |
Li | 2010 | South African | Black African | PCR-RFLP | 56 | 59 | 26 | ESCC | 76 | 83 | 27 | PB | 0.58 |
Mixed | PCR-RFLP | 34 | 52 | 11 | ESCC | 30 | 51 | 13 | PB | 0.24 | |||
Li | 2007 | USA | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 336 | 356 | 111 | HNSCC | 333 | 385 | 121 | PB | 0.57 |
Liang | 2005 | China | Asian | diASA-AMP | 58 | 32 | 4 | LSCC | 132 | 86 | 9 | HB | 0.27 |
Liu | 2010 | China | Asian | PCR-RFLP | 66 | 29 | 0 | ESCC | 61 | 27 | 3 | PB | 1.00 |
Malik | 2010 | India | Asian | PCR-RFLP | 53 | 36 | 14 | ESCC | 111 | 75 | 9 | PB | 0.41 |
Matejcic | 2011 | South African | Black African | TaqMan genotyping | 79 | 155 | 91 | ESCC | 100 | 242 | 132 | PB | 0.57 |
South African | Mixed | TaqMan genotyping | 69 | 112 | 48 | ESCC | 145 | 191 | 92 | PB | 0.05 | ||
McWilliams | 2000 | USA | Mixed | PCR-RFLP | 60 | 73 | 13 | HNSCC | 58 | 51 | 15 | HB | 0.47 |
Miller | 2006 | USA | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 190 | 173 | 49 | LSCC | 579 | 623 | 141 | PB | 0.16 |
Moaven | 2010 | Iran | Asian | PCR-RFLP | 84 | 50 | 14 | ESCC | 74 | 54 | 8 | PB | 0.65 |
Nazar | 2003 | USA | Mixed | PCR-RFLP | 35 | 29 | 9 | LSCC | 199 | 234 | 54 | PB | 0.23 |
Olshan | 2000 | USA | Mixed | PCR-RFLP | 40 | 62 | 7 | HNSCC | 68 | 80 | 20 | HBc | 0.63 |
USA | Mixed | PCR-RFLP | 18 | 38 | 7 | HNSCC | 7 | 13 | 5 | HBd | 0.82 | ||
Oude | 2003 | Netherlands | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 116 | 90 | 29 | HNSCC | 125 | 121 | 39 | PB | 0.27 |
Peters | 2006 | USA | Mixed | PCR-RFLP | 303 | 311 | 76 | HNSCC | 333 | 329 | 86 | PB | 0.73 |
Ramsay | 2001 | UK | Caucasian | SSCP | 10 | 10 | 0 | SSCC | 53 | 71 | 17 | HB | 0.36 |
Risch | 2001 | Germany | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 76 | 77 | 18 | LSCC | 167 | 151 | 35 | HB | 0.92 |
Rossini | 2007 | Brazil | Mixed | PCR-RFLP | 42 | 65 | 18 | ESCC | 116 | 108 | 28 | PB | 0.71 |
Ruwali | 2009 | India | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 224 | 112 | 14 | HNSCC | 199 | 138 | 13 | PB | 0.06 |
Ruwali | 2011 | India | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 316 | 162 | 22 | HNSCC | 285 | 195 | 20 | PB | 0.06 |
Ryberg | 1997 | Norway | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 20 | 34 | 13 | LSCC | 153 | 117 | 27 | PB | 0.50 |
Schneider | 2004 | Germany | Caucasian | PCR-melting-curve | 81 | 75 | 27 | LSCC | 298 | 254 | 70 | PB/HB | 0.16 |
Soucek | 2010 | Czech/Polish | Caucasian | TaqMan drug metabolism genotyping | 56 | 53 | 7 | HNSCC | 57 | 50 | 10 | PB | 0.52 |
Soya | 2007 | India | Asian | PCR-RFLP | 219 | 162 | 27 |
UADTSCC
| 120 | 88 | 12 | PB | 0.42 |
Stücker | 2002 | France | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 54 | 46 | 15 | LSCC | 124 | 120 | 20 | HB | 0.22 |
Tan | 2000 | China | Asian | PCR-RFLP | 93 | 48 | 9 | ESCC | 91 | 53 | 6 | PB | 0.62 |
To | 2002 | Spain | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 101 | 84 | 19 | HNSCC | 100 | 78 | 23 | PB | 0.20 |
To | 1999 | Spain | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 29 | 20 | 3 | LSCC | 64 | 54 | 14 | PBb | 0.61 |
Spain | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 29 | 20 | 3 | LSCC | 90 | 90 | 20 | PBe | 0.72 | ||
van | 1999 | Netherlands | Caucasian | PCR-RFLP | 5 | 6 | 2 | ESCC | 146 | 89 | 12 | PB | 0.74 |
Zendehdel | 2009 | Sweden | Caucasian | Pyrosequencing | 26 | 42 | 10 | ESCC | 208 | 207 | 38 | PB | 0.18 |
Overall meta-analysis
Statistical analysis | Index | Allele | Carrier | Homozygote | Heterozygote | Dominant | Recessive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Association | OR | 0.99 | 0.99 | 1.02 | 0.96 | 0.97 | 1.03 |
95% CIs | 0.95~1.03 | 0.94~1.03 | 0.93~1.12 | 0.91~1.02 | 0.92~1.03 | 0.94~1.12 | |
P
a
| 0.601 | 0.587 | 0.689 | 0.167 | 0.289 | 0.548 | |
Sample size | case | 9763 | 9763 | 9763 | 9763 | 9763 | 9763 |
control | 15,028 | 15,028 | 15,028 | 15,028 | 15,028 | 15,028 | |
study | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | 52 | |
Heterogeneity | I2 | 15.5% | 0.0% | 9.7% | 7.7% | 11.8% | 1.2% |
P
h
| 0.174 | 0.999 | 0.278 | 0.318 | 0.239 | 0.450 | |
Model | Fixed | Fixed | Fixed | Fixed | Fixed | Fixed | |
Egger’s test | t | 1.14 | 1.38 | 0.13 | 2.36 | 2.16 | −0.31 |
P
E
| 0.259 | 0.175 | 0.899 | 0.022 | 0.036 | 0.760 | |
Begg’s test | z | 0.53 | 0.84 | 0.77 | 1.96 | 1.82 | 1.29 |
P
B
| 0.597 | 0.398 | 0.444 | 0.049 | 0.068 | 0.198 |
Subgroup analysis
Factor | Subgroup | Index | Allele | Carrier | Homozygote | Heterozygote | Dominant | Recessive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Race | Asian | OR (95% CIs) | 1.00 (0.89~1.12) | 0.98 (0.86~1.11) | 1.29 (0.94~1.76) | 0.90 (0.78~1.04) | 0.94 (0.82~1.08) | 1.35 (0.99~1.83) |
P
a
| 0.948 | 0.716 | 0.114 | 0.139 | 0.361 | 0.058 | ||
Case/control | 1696/2139 | 1696/2139 | 1696/2139 | 1696/2139 | 1696/2139 | 1696/2139 | ||
Study number | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | 10 | ||
Race | Caucasian | OR (95% CIs) | 0.98 (0.93~1.03) | 0.98 (0.82~1.04) | 1.00 (0.89~1.12) | 0.94 (0.87~1.01) | 0.95 (0.89~1.02) | 1.02 (0.91~1.14) |
P
a
| 0.358 | 0.447 | 0.984 | 0.099 | 0.153 | 0.716 | ||
Case/control | 5968/9719 | 5968/9719 | 5968/9719 | 5968/9719 | 5968/9719 | 5968/9719 | ||
Study number | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | 30 | ||
genotyping assay | PCR-RFLP | OR (95% CIs) | 0.99 (0.94~1.03) | 0.99 (0.93~1.04) | 1.01 (0.91~1.12) | 0.96 (0.90~1.03) | 0.97 (0.91~1.03) | 1.01 (0.91~1.12) |
P
a
| 0.542 | 0.579 | 0.874 | 0.260 | 0.351 | 0.824 | ||
Case/control | 8008/11,342 | 8008/11,342 | 8008/11,342 | 8008/11,342 | 8008/11,342 | 8008/11,342 | ||
Study number | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | 42 | ||
control source | PB | OR (95% CIs) | 0.98 (0.94~1.03) | 0.98 (0.93~1.04) | 1.00 (0.90~1.12) | 0.96 (0.89~1.03) | 0.96 (0.90~1.03) | 1.02 (0.92~1.13) |
P
a
| 0.519 | 0.572 | 0.943 | 0.214 | 0.287 | 0.751 | ||
Case/control | 6697/10,170 | 6697/10,170 | 6697/10,170 | 6697/10,170 | 6697/10,170 | 6697/10,170 | ||
Study number | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | 31 | ||
control source | HB | OR (95% CIs) | 0.98 (0.91~1.06) | 0.98 (0.90~1.07) | 1.00 (0.84~1.20) | 0.95 (0.86~1.06) | 0.96 (0.87~1.07) | 1.01 (0.85~1.19) |
P
a
| 0.586 | 0.638 | 0.977 | 0.377 | 0.461 | 0.944 | ||
Case/control | 2771/3946 | 2771/3946 | 2771/3946 | 2771/3946 | 2771/3946 | 2771/3946 | ||
Study number | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 | 19 |
Subgroup | Index | Allele | Carrier | Homozygote | Heterozygote | Dominant | Recessive |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
ESCC | OR (95% CIs) | 1.05 (0.96~1.15) | 1.03 (0.93~1.14) | 1.15 (0.95~1.39) | 1.00 (0.88~1.14) | 1.03 (0.92~1.17) | 1.13 (0.95~1.34) |
P
a
| 0.263 | 0.568 | 0.155 | 0.970 | 0.575 | 0.160 | |
Case/control | 1934/3951 | 1934/3951 | 1934/3951 | 1934/3951 | 1934/3951 | 1934/3951 | |
Study number | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | |
HNSCC | OR (95% CIs) | 0.95 (0.89~1.01) | 0.96 (0.89~1.03) | 0.94 (0.82~1.09) | 0.94 (0.87~1.02) | 0.93 (0.86~1.01) | 0.95 (0.83~1.09) |
P
a
| 0.112 | 0.247 | 0.408 | 0.131 | 0.102 | 0.459 | |
Case/control | 4671/4961 | 4671/4961 | 4671/4961 | 4671/4961 | 4671/4961 | 4671/4961 | |
Study number | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | 18 | |
LSCC | OR (95% CIs) | 1.00 (0.93~1.08) | 1.00 (0.92~1.09) | 1.04 (0.88~1.24) | 0.97 (0.87~1.07) | 0.98 (0.89~1.09) | 1.06 (0.90~1.25) |
P
a
| 0.940 | 0.973 | 0.616 | 0.526 | 0.741 | 0.485 | |
Case/control | 2574/5421 | 2574/5421 | 2574/5421 | 2574/5421 | 2574/5421 | 2574/5421 | |
Study number | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | |
SSCC | OR (95% CIs) | 0.91 (0.70~1.19) | 0.94 (0.69~1.28) | 0.83 (0.46~1.49) | 0.94 (0.64~1.36) | 0.91 (0.64~1.30) | 0.86 (0.49~1.51) |
P
a
| 0.493 | 0.688 | 0.532 | 0.728 | 0.605 | 0.597 | |
Case/control | 177/475 | 177/475 | 177/475 | 177/475 | 177/475 | 177/475 | |
Study number | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 |