Introduction
Methods
Data source
Study sample
Sociodemographic
Health-related quality of life
Health care resource utilization (HCRU)
Statistical analyses
Results
Sociodemographic and clinical characteristics
All cancers (N = 647) | Other (N = 315) | Prostate (N = 78) | Breast (N = 70) | Skin (N = 141) | Lunga (N = 43) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Gender, N (%) malesc | 281 | (43.4) | 123 | (39.0) | 78 | (100.0) | 0 | (0) | 60 | (42.6) | 20 | (46.5) |
Age, mean (SD) | 62.2 | (16.2) | 58.7 | (17.3) | 69.4 | (11.0) | 62.2 | (15.0) | 64.6 | (15.3) | 67.4 | (13.4) |
Education, N (%)b,c | ||||||||||||
< HS | 159 | (24.6) | 87 | (27.6) | 14 | (17.9) | 16 | (22.9) | 28 | (19.9) | 14 | (32.6) |
HS | 291 | (45.0) | 138 | (43.8) | 34 | (43.6) | 37 | (52.9) | 61 | (43.3) | 21 | (48.8) |
Some college/assoc. degree | 63 | (9.7) | 35 | (11.1) | 6 | (7.7) | 2 | (2.9) | 16 | (11.3) | 4 | (9.3) |
College | 74 | (11.4) | 31 | (9.8) | 11 | (14.1) | 10 | (14.3) | 20 | (14.2) | 2 | (4.7) |
> College | 54 | (8.3) | 19 | (6.0) | 12 | (15.4) | 5 | (7.1) | 16 | (11.3) | 2 | (4.7) |
Missing | 6 | (0.9) | 5 | (1.6) | 1 | (1.3) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) |
Marital status, N (%)c | ||||||||||||
Not married | 305 | (47.1) | 169 | (53.7) | 23 | (29.5) | 38 | (54.3) | 52 | (36.9) | 23 | (53.5) |
Married | 332 | (51.3) | 141 | (44.8) | 53 | (67.9) | 31 | (44.3) | 87 | (61.7) | 20 | (46.5) |
Missing | 10 | (1.5) | 5 | (1.6) | 2 | (2.6) | 1 | (1.4) | 2 | (1.4) | 0 | (0) |
Employment status, N (%)b | ||||||||||||
Not employed during round | 434 | (67.1) | 200 | (63.5) | 53 | (67.9) | 51 | (72.9) | 90 | (63.8) | 29 | (67.4) |
Employed during round | 198 | (30.6) | 92 | (29.2) | 19 | (24.4) | 17 | (24.3) | 49 | (34.8) | 6 | (14.0) |
Missing | 15 | (2.3) | 23 | (7.3) | 6 | (7.7) | 2 | (2.9) | 2 | (1.4) | 8 | (18.6) |
Number cancers not in remission, N (%) | ||||||||||||
One | 613 | (94.7) | 306 | (97.1) | 73 | (93.6) | 68 | (97.1) | 136 | (96.5) | 30 | (69.8) |
Two | 30 | (4.6) | 8 | (2.5) | 5 | (6.4) | 2 | (2.9) | 5 | (3.5) | 10 | (23.3) |
Three | 4 | (0.6) | 1 | (0.3) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 0 | (0) | 3 | (7.0) |
Number of conditions, mean (SD)b | 5.0 | (4.3) | 5.1 | (4.5) | 4.6 | (3.9) | 5.3 | (3.5) | 4.5 | (4.1) | 6.0 | (5.7) |
PCS, mean (SD) | 38.2 | (13.7) | 37.2 | (13.4) | 42.5 | (12.5) | 36.4 | (12.7) | 41.4 | (14.5) | 29.8 | (11.7) |
MCS, mean (SD) | 46.9 | (11.8) | 45.6 | (11.9) | 51.2 | (9.8) | 46.7 | (11.5) | 48.9 | (12.0) | 42.5 | (11.3) |
SF-6D, mean (SD) | 0.67 | (0.17) | 0.64 | (0.160) | 0.74 | (0.15) | 0.64 | (0.15) | 0.70 | (0.17) | 0.58 | (0.15) |
Medical expenditures and utilization frequency
All cancers | Other | Prostate | Breast | Skin | Lung | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total expenditures | $8053 | $9733 | $4552 | $8477 | $3943 | $15,974 |
($15,700) | ($18,914) | ($8440) | ($11,152) | ($9437) | ($19,421) | |
Emergency room (ER) | $1165 | $1447 | $338 | $970 | $364 | $1495 |
($1627) | ($1869) | ($275) | ($747) | ($471) | ($1609) | |
Hospital inpatient care (IP) | $18,006 | $20,189 | $13,040 | $11,411 | $17,294 | $18,870 |
($24,428) | ($29,393) | ($11,097) | ($6734) | ($21,152) | ($8153) | |
Outpatient visits (OP) | $4873 | $5988 | $3109 | $4198 | $1710 | $11,350 |
($11,343) | ($13,733) | ($5328) | ($5864) | ($1917) | ($21,270) | |
Office-based visits (OB) | $2106 | $2195 | $992 | $3266 | $965 | $5568 |
($5035) | ($4201) | ($1406) | ($7531) | ($1564) | ($11,614) | |
Other medical (OM) | $790 | $727 | $573 | $786 | $521 | $1583 |
($1464) | ($1255) | ($526) | ($1008) | ($663) | ($2918) | |
Home health (HH) | $7470 | $7257 | $2572 | $4346 | $7052 | $16,185 |
($10,506) | ($8232) | ($3600) | ($5419) | ($6199) | ($22,621) | |
Prescription medicines (RX) | $1610 | $1820 | $1106 | $2195 | $978 | $1971 |
($3722) | ($4396) | ($1477) | ($5341) | ($1191) | ($2496) | |
Total number of OB, OP, IP, and ER events | 8 (9) | 8 (11) | 6 (6) | 9 (8) | 6 (6) | 12 (12) |
Association between SF-12v2 scores and medical expenditures
Parameter | Exp (B)a | SE (B) |
Z
| P value | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Constant | 6006.27 | 2634.95 | 19.83 | < 0.001 | 2542.04–14191.44 |
PCSc | 0.99 | 0.01 | − 1.61 | 0.107 | 0.97–1.00 |
Cancer type—other (reference) | |||||
Prostate | 2.78 | 2.29 | 1.24 | 0.217 | 0.55–14.01 |
Breast | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Skin | 1.24 | 0.77 | 0.35 | 0.727 | 0.37–4.22 |
Lung | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Cancer type by PCS (interaction) | |||||
Prostate |
0.95
|
0.02
|
− 2.63
|
0.009
|
0.92–0.99
|
Breast | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Skin |
0.97
|
0.01
|
− 2.35
|
0.019
|
0.94–0.99
|
Lung | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Age |
2.11
|
0.62
|
2.55
|
0.011
|
1.19–3.73
|
Gender (male) | 1.23 | 0.21 | 1.26 | 0.208 | 0.89–1.71 |
Education—< HS (reference) | |||||
HS | 1.45 | 0.28 | 1.94 | 0.052 | 1.00–2.10 |
College/assoc. dgr | 1.41 | 0.36 | 1.35 | 0.178 | 0.85–2.34 |
College or higher | 1.01 | 0.20 | 0.06 | 0.952 | 0.68–1.50 |
Married |
0.72
|
0.10
|
− 2.26
|
0.024
|
0.54–0.96
|
Parameter | Exp (B)a | SE (B) |
Z
| P value | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Constant | 6006.27 | 2634.95 | 19.83 | < 0.001 | 2542.04–14191.44 |
MCSc |
0.98
|
0.01
|
− 2.44
|
0.015
|
0.97–1.00
|
Cancer type—“other” (reference) | |||||
Prostate |
0.34
|
0.09
|
− 4.07
|
0.000
|
0.20–0.57
|
Breast | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Skin |
0.34
|
0.08
|
− 4.71
|
0.000
|
0.22–0.53
|
Lung | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Age |
3.18
|
1.10
|
3.35
|
0.001
|
1.62–6.25
|
Gender (male) | 1.23 | 0.24 | 1.08 | 0.279 | 0.85–1.79 |
Parameter | Exp (B)a | SE (B) |
Z
| P value | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Constant | 3743.75 | 2114.89 | 14.56 | 0.000 | 1237.24–11,328.19 |
SF-6Dc |
0.21
|
0.11
|
− 2.98
|
0.003
|
0.08–0.59
|
Cancer type—other (reference) | |||||
Prostate | 5.47 | 5.31 | 1.75 | 0.080 | 0.82–36.66 |
Breast | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Skin |
0.35
|
0.08
|
− 4.62
|
0.000
|
0.23–0.55
|
Lung | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Cancer type by PCS (interaction) | |||||
Prostate |
0.02
|
0.03
|
− 2.94
|
0.003
|
0.00–0.29
|
Breast | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Skin | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Lung | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Age |
2.69
|
0.84
|
3.18
|
0.001
|
1.46–4.96
|
Gender (male) | 1.32 | 0.23 | 1.58 | 0.113 | 0.94–1.86 |
Education—< HS (reference) | |||||
HS or higher | 1.36 | 0.23 | 1.80 | 0.072 | 0.97–1.90 |
Married |
0.67
|
0.10
|
− 2.59
|
0.010
|
0.50–0.91
|
Insured |
2.34
|
0.70
|
2.85
|
0.004
|
1.30–4.20
|
Association between SF-12v2 scores and utilization frequency
Parameter | Exp (B)a | SE (B) |
Z
| P value | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Constant | 6.59 | 2.05 | 6.06 | < 0.001 | 3.58–12.14 |
PCSc |
0.99
|
0.00
|
− 3.00
|
0.003
|
0.98–1.00
|
Cancer type—“other” (reference) | |||||
Prostate | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Breast | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Skin |
0.76
|
0.11
|
− 1.98
|
0.048
|
0.58–1.00
|
Lung |
1.43
|
0.25
|
2.08
|
0.038
|
1.02–2.02
|
Age | 1.35 | 0.30 | 1.36 | 0.175 | 0.88–2.07 |
Gender (male) | 0.94 | 0.10 | − 0.62 | 0.535 | 0.76–1.15 |
Education—< HS (reference) | |||||
HS |
1.57
|
0.23
|
3.11
|
0.002
|
1.18–2.09
|
College/assoc. dgr |
2.26
|
0.42
|
4.45
|
0.000
|
1.58–3.25
|
College | 1.34 | 0.28 | 1.39 | 0.165 | 0.89–2.01 |
> College |
1.63
|
0.35
|
2.31
|
0.021
|
1.08–2.47
|
Parameter | Exp (B)a | SE (B) |
Z
| P value | 95% CI |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Constant | 6.70 | 2.22 | 5.73 | 0.000 | 3.50–12.84 |
SF-6Dc | 0.45 | 0.14 | − 2.62 | 0.009 | 0.24–0.82 |
Cancer type—“other” (reference) | |||||
Prostate | 0.67 | 0.11 | − 2.44 | 0.015 | 0.49–0.92 |
Breast | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Skin | 0.67 | 0.08 | − 3.32 | 0.001 | 0.53–0.85 |
Lung | 1.00 | (restricted)b | |||
Age | 1.63 | 0.35 | 2.29 | 0.022 | 1.07–2.48 |
Gender (male) | 1.05 | 0.14 | 0.38 | 0.707 | 0.82–1.35 |
Education—< HS (reference) | |||||
HS | 1.46 | 0.21 | 2.64 | 0.008 | 1.10–1.94 |
> HS | 1.53 | 0.23 | 2.79 | 0.005 | 1.13–2.05 |