Erschienen in:
17.01.2024 | Original Article
HLA haploidentical stem cell transplantation from HLA homozygous donors to HLA heterozygous donors may have lower survival rates than haploidentical transplantation from HLA heterozygous donors to HLA heterozygous donors: a retrospective nationwide analysis
verfasst von:
Keiko Fukunaga, Kazuhiro Ikegame, Hirohisa Nakamae, Noriko Doki, Takahiro Fukuda, Yukio Kondo, Takahide Ara, Tetsuya Eto, Yasuo Mori, Ken-ichi Matsuoka, Yoshinobu Kanda, Makoto Onizuka, Yoshiko Atsuta, Tatsuo Ichinohe, Satoko Morishima, Junya Kanda, JSTCT HLA Working Group
Erschienen in:
International Journal of Hematology
|
Ausgabe 2/2024
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Abstract
In HLA haploidentical stem cell transplantation, patients and donors usually share one HLA haplotype and have one different HLA haplotype (hetero-to-hetero). However, there are rare cases of transplantation from HLA homozygous donors to heterozygous recipients (homo-to-hetero), resulting in mismatches only in the graft-versus-host direction. We previously reported that homo-to-hetero transplants have a lower survival rate in a mouse model than hetero-to-hetero transplants due to stronger graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) but inferior graft-versus-leukemia effect. To examine whether homo-to-hetero transplant effects also occur in humans, we retrospectively compared the results of 59 homo-to-hetero and 4,539 hetero-to-hetero cases in the Japanese transplant registry data. The results showed no statistical difference between the homo-to-hetero and hetero-to-hetero groups in the cumulative incidences of neutrophil engraftment (83.1% vs 89.0%), acute GVHD II–IV (36.8% vs 38.8%), III–IV (16.8% vs 17.4%), chronic GVHD (32.7% vs 30.7%), relapse (52.9% vs 49.0%), and non-relapse mortality (31.6% vs 28.2%). In contrast, overall survival was significantly lower in the homo-to-hetero group than in the hetero-to-hetero group (12.6% vs 26.2%, p = 0.0308). The inferior effect of homo-to-hetero transplantation on overall survival remained significant in multivariate analyses.