Background
Methods
Patients and baseline procedures
Assessment of hematological parameters
Follow-up and outcomes assessment
Statistical analyses
Results
Characteristics | All patients (n = 689) | 1st tertile < 1.6 (n = 229) | 2nd tertile ≥ 1.6 to < 2.2 (n = 230) | 3rd tertile ≥ 2.2 (n = 230) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 60.0 (9.6) | 60.0 (9.4) | 59.0 (9.4) | 61.0 (9.8) |
Male sex (%) | 39.2 | 34.5 | 37.8 | 45.2 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 29.7 (4.8) | 30.1 (4.8) | 30.1 (4.9) | 29.0 (4.8)‡ |
Smoking, current/past (%) | 45.1 | 43.2 | 39.7 | 52.2‡ |
Physical activity (%) | 22.2 | 24.0 | 19.2 | 23.5 |
Diabetes duration (years) | 8 (3–15) | 7 (3–14) | 7 (3–14.5) | 9 (4–17) |
Chronic diabetic complications (%) | ||||
Cerebrovascular disease | 9.2 | 8.7 | 11.4 | 7.4 |
Coronary artery disease | 15.1 | 14.8 | 11.8 | 18.7 |
Peripheral artery disease | 16.9 | 16.6 | 14.0 | 20.1 |
Retinopathy | 32.3 | 31.8 | 31.5 | 33.6 |
Nephropathy | 31.6 | 28.1 | 29.3 | 37.4 |
Peripheral neuropathy | 29.1 | 30.1 | 25.1 | 31.9 |
Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy | 24.7 | 20.6 | 26.5 | 27.0 |
Diabetes treatment (%) | ||||
Metformin | 87.9 | 88.2 | 88.6 | 87.0 |
Sulfonylureas | 43.0 | 40.6 | 45.0 | 43.5 |
Insulin | 48.1 | 48.0 | 48.9 | 47.4 |
Aspirin | 89.6 | 88.2 | 88.3 | 92.2 |
Dyslipidemia (%) | 87.1 | 86.5 | 86.0 | 88.7 |
Statins use (%) | 77.0 | 75.0 | 73.4 | 82.5‡ |
Arterial hypertension (%) | 86.6 | 86.5 | 86.0 | 88.7 |
Number of anti-hypertensive drugs | 3 (1–3) | 3 (1–3) | 2 (1–3) | 3 (2–4) |
Blood pressures (mmHg) | ||||
Mean clinic SBP | 140 (19) | 140 (19) | 140 (20) | 141 (19) |
Mean clinic DBP | 79 (11) | 79 (11) | 80 (11) | 79 (10) |
Hematological parameters | ||||
Haemoglobin (g/dl) | 13.7 (1.5) | 13.6 (1.5) | 13.7 (1.5) | 13.6 (1.6) |
RDW (%) | 13.1 (1.3) | 13.0 (1.5) | 13.0 (1.3) | 13.2 (1.4) |
Leukocytes (× 103 cells/mm3) | 7.4 (2.1) | 6.7 (2.0) | 7.3 (2.0)† | 8.1 (2.1)* |
Neutrophyls (× 103 cells/mm3) | 4.3 (1.6) | 3.2 (1.1) | 4.2 (1.1)* | 5.4 (1.6)* |
Lymphocytes (× 103 cells/mm3) | 2.2 (0.8) | 2.7 (0.9) | 2.3 (0.7)* | 1.8 (0.5)* |
Monocytes (cells/mm3) | 500 (185) | 473 (183) | 497 (171) | 528 (197)† |
Platelets (× 103 cells/mm3) | 244 (74) | 250 (83) | 243 (65) | 241 (74) |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 5.0 (2.4) | 6.4 (2.8) | 4.9 (1.7)* | 3.8 (1.8)* |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 118.2 (46.3) | 98.4 (35.8) | 113.5 (35.7)* | 142.6 (52.4)* |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 12.7 (6.3) | 12.0 (5.9) | 12.7 (6.5) | 13.3 (6.5) |
Laboratory variables | ||||
Mean HbA1c (%) | 7.7 (1.6) | 7.7 (1.6) | 7.6 (1.5) | 7.7 (1.6) |
(mmol/mol) | 61 (11.6) | 61 (11.6) | 60 (10.5) | 61 (11.6) |
Mean triacylglycerol (mmol/L) | 1.55 (1.08–2.22) | 1.60 (1.14–2.29) | 1.59 (1.12–2.30) | 1.43 (1.00–2.07) |
Mean HDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 1.14 (0.44) | 1.14 (0.28) | 1.11 (0.28) | 1.16 (0.65) |
Mean LDL-cholesterol (mmol/L) | 2.77 (0.85) | 2.84 (0.83) | 2.79 (0.88) | 2.74 (0.85) |
C-reactive protein (CRP) mg/L | 2.9 (1.2–6.2) | 2.7 (0.9–6.1) | 3.1 (1.5–6.3) | 2.8 (1.3–6.5) |
Glomerular filtration rate (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 81 (20) | 82 (19) | 83 (21) | 79 (21) |
Albuminuria (mg/24 h) | 13 (7–41) | 14 (7–32) | 13 (7–39) | 15 (7–52) |
Macrovascular outcomesa | ||||
Total CV events | 212 (35.2) | 62 (29.9) | 61 (29.9) | 89 (46.7)† |
Major CV events | 174 (27.8) | 56 (26.5) | 45 (21.2) | 73 (36.3)† |
Cardiovascular mortality | 131 (20.1) | 44 (19.9) | 30 (13.6) | 57 (27.3)† |
All-cause mortality | 264 (40.5) | 80 (36.2) | 78 (35.2) | 106 (50.7)† |
Microvascular outcomesb | ||||
Retinopathy (incident/worsening) (n = 551) | 161 (50.7) | 51 (49.5) | 56 (53.2) | 54 (49.4) |
Renal composite | 206 (37.7) | 67 (36.1) | 63 (33.3) | 76 (44.4) |
Microalbuminuria (incident) | 127 (25.6) | 43 (25.4) | 35 (20.4) | 49 (31.4) |
Renal failure | 104 (17.0) | 29 (14.0) | 34 (16.4) | 41 (21.0) |
Peripheral neuropathy (incident/worsening) (n = 525) | 179 (34.1%) | 51 (28.5%) | 65 (36.9%) | 63 (37.1%) |
Endpoints incidence during follow-up
Risks associated with hematological parameters for incident macrovascular complications and mortality
Outcomes Hematological parameters | Model 1 HR (95% CI) | Model 2 HR (95% CI) | C-statistica (AUC) | Relative IDIa (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total CV events (n = 212) | ||||
Haemoglobin | 0.93 (0.80–1.08) | 0.98 (0.84–1.14) | – | – |
RDW | 1.04 (0.91–1.19) | 1.05 (0.92–1.21) | – | – |
Leukocytes | 1.19 (1.04–1.37)‡ | 1.07 (0.93–1.24) | – | – |
Neutrophyls | 1.19 (1.04–1.36)‡ | 1.10 (0.96–1.26) | – | – |
Lymphocytes | 0.99 (0.84–1.17) | 0.96 (0.80–1.14) | – | – |
Monocytes | 1.18 (1.04–1.35)‡ | 1.10 (0.95–1.26) | – | – |
Platelets | 1.14 (0.99–1.31) | 1.11 (0.96–1.29) | – | – |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.15 (1.02–1.30)‡ | 1.10 (0.97–1.24) | – | – |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.85 (0.72–1.01) | 0.89 (0.75–1.05) | – | – |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.07 (0.94–1.23) | 1.08 (0.94–1.25) | – | – |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.20 (1.05–1.37)† | 1.09 (0.94–1.26) | – | – |
Major CV events (n = 174) | ||||
Haemoglobin | 0.92 (0.78–1.08) | 0.93 (0.79–1.10) | – | – |
RDW | 1.05 (0.91–1.21) | 1.06 (0.92–1.23) | – | – |
Leukocytes | 1.19 (1.02–1.38)‡ | 1.07 (0.92–1.25) | – | – |
Neutrophyls | 1.18 (1.02–1.37)‡ | 1.10 (0.96–1.27) | – | – |
Lymphocytes | 0.96 (0.80–1.15) | 0.92 (0.76–1.11) | – | – |
Monocytes | 1.20 (1.04–1.38)‡ | 1.10 (0.94–1.27) | – | – |
Platelets | 1.13 (0.98–1.31) | 1.12 (0.97–1.29) | – | – |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.17 (1.03–1.33)‡ | 1.13 (0.99–1.29) | – | – |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.86 (0.71–1.03) | 0.90 (0.75–1.09) | – | – |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.07 (0.93–1.25) | 1.10 (0.94–1.28) | – | – |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.24 (1.07–1.43)† | 1.12 (0.96–1.31) | – | – |
CV mortality (n = 131) | 0.716 (0.668–0.765) | |||
Haemoglobin | 0.93 (0.76–1.12) | 0.95 (0.78–1.16) | – | – |
RDW | 1.15 (0.98–1.34) | 1.17 (0.99–1.38) | – | – |
Leukocytes | 1.19 (0.99–1.41) | 1.10 (0.91–1.32) | – | – |
Neutrophyls | 1.21 (1.03–1.44)‡ | 1.15 (0.97–1.36) | – | – |
Lymphocytes | 0.87 (0.70–1.08) | 0.81 (0.64–1.02) | – | – |
Monocytes | 1.27 (1.08–1.50)† | 1.20 (1.01–1.44)‡ | 0.724§ | 15.5%§ |
Platelets | 1.04 (0.87–1.25) | 1.02 (0.85–1.22) | – | – |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.25 (1.08–1.44)† | 1.23 (1.06–1.43)† | 0.719§ | 9.3%§ |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.72 (0.57–0.92)† | 0.74 (0.58–0.95)‡ | 0.725§ | 13.4%§ |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.08 (0.91–1.29) | 1.11 (0.93–1.33) | – | – |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.32 (1.12–1.56)* | 1.21 (1.01–1.46)‡ | 0.722§ | 15.5%§ |
All-cause mortality (n = 264) | 0.755 (0.717–0.793) | |||
Haemoglobin | 0.86 (0.75–0.98) | 0.90 (0.78–1.03) | – | – |
RDW | 1.08 (0.96–1.21) | 1.08 (0.96–1.22) | – | – |
Leukocytes | 1.10 (0.97–1.25) | 1.04 (0.91–1.18) | – | – |
Neutrophyls | 1.16 (1.03–1.31)‡ | 1.11 (0.98–1.25) | – | – |
Lymphocytes | 0.80 (0.68–0.94)† | 0.77 (0.65–0.90)† | 0.756§ | 1.6%§ |
Monocytes | 1.20 (1.07–1.35)† | 1.13 (0.99–1.28) | – | – |
Platelets | 1.04 (0.91–1.18) | 1.02 (0.89–1.16) | – | – |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.23 (1.11–1.37)* | 1.19 (1.07–1.33)* | 0.757§ | 2.6%§ |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.69 (0.58–0.82)* | 0.72 (0.60–0.86)* | 0.763§ | 9.5%§ |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.17 (1.04–1.31)‡ | 1.17 (1.03–1.31)‡ | 0.756§ | 0.5%§ |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.21 (1.07–1.37)† | 1.11 (0.97–1.27) | – | – |
Outcomes Hematological parameters | Model 1 HR (95% CI) | Model 2 HR (95% CI) | C-statistica (AUC) | Relative IDIa (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Total CV events (n = 212) | 0.725 (0.684–0.765) | |||
Haemoglobin | 0.79 (0.55–1.15) | 0.88 (0.61–1.29) | – | – |
RDW | 1.06 (0.75–1.48) | 1.07 (0.76–1.52) | – | – |
Leukocytes | 1.16 (0.83–1.63) | 0.90 (0.63–1.27) | – | – |
Neutrophyls | 1.26 (0.89–1.76) | 1.08 (0.76–1.53) | – | – |
Lymphocytes | 0.80 (0.58–1.13) | 0.66 (0.46–0.94)‡ | 0.728§ | 4.6%§ |
Monocytes | 1.17 (0.83–1.63) | 0.93 (0.66–1.33) | – | – |
Platelets | 1.16 (0.82–1.66) | 1.12 (0.78–1.60) | – | – |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.55 (1.11–2.16)† | 1.47 (1.04–2.07)‡ | 0.729§ | 5.4%§ |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.79 (0.55–1.13) | 0.87 (0.60–1.26) | – | – |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.44 (1.03–2.01)‡ | 1.50 (1.06–2.12)‡ | 0.729§ | 4.6%§ |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.31 (0.93–1.83) | 1.04 (0.72–1.50) | – | – |
Major CV events (n = 174) | 0.716 (0.673–0.760) | |||
Haemoglobin | 0.74 (0.49–1.10) | 0.75 (0.50–1.14) | – | – |
RDW | 1.07 (0.74–1.55) | 1.10 (0.76–1.61) | – | – |
Leukocytes | 1.30 (0.89–1.90) | 1.02 (0.69–1.52) | – | – |
Neutrophyls | 1.24 (0.85–1.80) | 1.08 (0.74–1.59) | – | – |
Lymphocytes | 0.88 (0.60–1.27) | 0.74 (0.50–1.10) | – | – |
Monocytes | 1.21 (0.83–1.76) | 0.96 (0.64–1.43) | – | – |
Platelets | 1.23 (0.83–1.82) | 1.23 (0.83–1.83) | – | – |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.32 (0.93–1.88) | 1.21 (0.84–1.75) | – | – |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.82 (0.56–1.20) | 0.90 (0.61–1.34) | – | – |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.40 (0.97–2.02) | 1.48 (1.01–2.16)‡ | 0.721§ | 6.2%§ |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.45 (0.99–2.11) | 1.15 (0.76–1.75) | – | – |
CV mortality (n = 131) | 0.716 (0.668–0.765) | |||
Haemoglobin | 0.83 (0.52–1.32) | 0.85 (0.52–1.37) | – | – |
RDW | 1.43 (0.91–2.22) | 1.45 (0.92–2.27) | – | – |
Leukocytes | 1.24 (0.80–1.91) | 0.99 (0.63–1.54) | – | – |
Neutrophyls | 1.25 (0.81–1.92) | 1.11 (0.71–1.72) | – | – |
Lymphocytes | 0.77 (0.50–1.18) | 0.63 (0.40–0.99)‡ | 0.719§ | 4.1%§ |
Monocytes | 1.20 (0.78–1.85) | 0.94 (0.59–1.48) | – | – |
Platelets | 0.93 (0.58–1.48) | 0.90 (0.56–1.44) | – | – |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.39 (0.93–2.07) | 1.33 (0.88–2.02) | – | – |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.60 (0.38–0.95)‡ | 0.62 (0.39–1.00) | – | – |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.53 (0.99–2.35) | 1.64 (1.06–2.56)‡ | 0.723§ | 8.2%§ |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.56 (1.00–2.44)‡ | 1.22 (0.75–1.98) | – | – |
All-cause mortality (n = 264) | 0.755 (0.717–0.793) | |||
Haemoglobin | 0.70 (0.50–0.98)‡ | 0.76 (0.54–1.07) | – | – |
RDW | 1.10 (0.82–1.49) | 1.09 (0.80–1.48) | – | – |
Leukocytes | 1.18 (0.87–1.60) | 1.00 (0.73–1.36) | – | – |
Neutrophyls | 1.17 (0.86–1.60) | 1.08 (0.79–1.48) | – | – |
Lymphocytes | 0.66 (0.49–0.90)† | 0.58 (0.42–0.80)* | 0.758§ | 2.6%§ |
Monocytes | 1.37 (1.01–1.86)‡ | 1.15 (0.83–1.58) | – | – |
Platelets | 1.11 (0.80–1.52) | 1.08 (0.79–1.50) | – | – |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.45 (1.08–1.96)‡ | 1.36 (1.00–1.85)‡ | 0.756§ | 0.5%§ |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.56 (0.40–0.76)* | 0.59 (0.43–0.83)† | 0.759§ | 5.3%§ |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.39 (1.03–1.87)‡ | 1.43 (1.05–1.94)‡ | 0.756§ | 0.5%§ |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.48 (1.09–2.01)‡ | 1.20 (0.86–1.68) | – | – |
Risks associated with hematological parameters for incident microvascular complications
Outcomes Hematologic parameters | Model 1 HR (95% CI) | Model 2 HR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|
Retinopathy (n = 161) | ||
Haemoglobin | 0.76 (0.64–0.90)† | 0.79 (0.66–0.95)‡ |
RDW | 1.12 (0.97–1.29) | 1.15 (0.99–1.35) |
Leukocytes | 1.13 (0.97–1.32) | 1.14 (0.97–1.33) |
Neutrophyls | 1.06 (0.91–1.25) | 1.08 (0.92–1.26) |
Lymphocytes | 1.10 (0.92–1.31) | 1.16 (0.97–1.38) |
Monocytes | 1.05 (0.91–1.23) | 1.00 (0.85–1.18) |
Platelets | 1.08 (0.91–1.28) | 1.08 (0.92–1.27) |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.02 (0.87–1.21) | 0.98 (0.84–1.14) |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.98 (0.83–1.16) | 1.08 (0.91–1.28) |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 0.95 (0.81–1.11) | 0.91 (0.77–1.08) |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.06 (0.91–1.23) | 1.01 (0.85–1.20) |
Renal composite (n = 206) | ||
Haemoglobin | 0.87 (0.74–1.01) | 0.87 (0.74–1.02) |
RDW | 1.02 (0.89–1.17) | 1.01 (0.88–1.17) |
Leukocytes | 1.16 (1.01–1.33)‡ | 1.12 (0.97–1.29) |
Neutrophyls | 1.15 (1.00–1.32)‡ | 1.11 (0.97–1.28) |
Lymphocytes | 0.98 (0.84–1.16) | 0.99 (0.84–1.17) |
Monocytes | 1.14 (1.00–1.30) | 1.11 (0.96–1.27) |
Platelets | 1.05 (0.91–1.21) | 1.06 (0.92–1.23) |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.11 (0.97–1.26) | 1.07 (0.94–1.23) |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.90 (0.77–1.06) | 0.95 (0.81–1.11) |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 0.99 (0.86–1.14) | 1.00 (0.86–1.15) |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.15 (1.01–1.32)‡ | 1.11 (0.96–1.29) |
Microalbuminuria (n = 127) | ||
Haemoglobin | 0.89 (0.74–1.08) | 0.88 (0.72–1.07) |
RDW | 1.01 (0.84–1.22) | 1.02 (0.85–1.23) |
Leukocytes | 1.16 (0.98–1.39) | 1.15 (0.96–1.38) |
Neutrophyls | 1.18 (0.99–1.41) | 1.16 (0.97–1.40) |
Lymphocytes | 0.99 (0.80–1.22) | 1.02 (0.82–1.26) |
Monocytes | 1.11 (0.94–1.31) | 1.10 (0.92–1.30) |
Platelets | 1.03 (0.86–1.23) | 1.03 (0.86–1.24) |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.10 (0.93–1.30) | 1.07 (0.90–1.28) |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.90 (0.74–1.10) | 0.93 (0.76–1.14) |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 0.97 (0.81–1.16) | 0.95 (0.79–1.14) |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.11 (0.93–1.32) | 1.10 (0.91–1.32) |
Renal failure (n = 104) | ||
Haemoglobin | 0.75 (0.61–0.93)† | 0.79 (0.64–0.99)‡ |
RDW | 1.07 (0.89–1.29) | 1.06 (0.88–1.28) |
Leukocytes | 1.15 (0.94–1.41) | 1.09 (0.89–1.34) |
Neutrophyls | 1.15 (0.95–1.40) | 1.11 (0.92–1.35) |
Lymphocytes | 0.94 (0.75–1.19) | 0.93 (0.73–1.19) |
Monocytes | 1.24 (1.03–1.49)‡ | 1.19 (0.97–1.45) |
Platelets | 1.03 (0.84–1.28) | 1.04 (0.85–1.27) |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.15 (0.96–1.38) | 1.11 (0.92–1.33) |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.82 (0.64–1.04) | 0.86 (0.67–1.11) |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.01 (0.83–1.23) | 1.02 (0.84–1.24) |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.17 (0.97–1.43) | 1.09 (0.88–1.35) |
Peripheral neuropathy (n = 179) | ||
Haemoglobin | 0.87 (0.71–1.06) | 1.19 (0.93–1.52) |
RDW | 1.11 (0.92–1.35) | 0.85 (0.67–1.08) |
Leukocytes | 1.16 (0.96–1.40) | 1.10 (0.89–1.37) |
Neutrophyls | 1.19 (0.99–1.44) | 1.13 (0.90–1.40) |
Lymphocytes | 0.91 (0.73–1.14) | 0.93 (0.72–1.20) |
Monocytes | 1.00 (0.83–1.21) | 0.99 (0.80–1.23) |
Platelets | 0.95 (0.78–1.16) | 0.93 (0.74–1.17) |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.23 (1.02–1.49)‡ | 1.16 (0.92–1.45) |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.90 (0.74–1.09) | 0.90 (0.72–1.12) |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.04 (0.86–1.26) | 1.00 (0.80–1.25) |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.05 (0.86–1.28) | 1.09 (0.86–1.38) |
Outcomes Hematologic parameters | Model 1 HR (95% CI) | Model 2 HR (95% CI) |
---|---|---|
Rethinopathy (n = 161) | ||
Haemoglobin | 0.57 (0.38–0.86)† | 0.65 (0.42–1.00) |
RDW | 1.40 (0.95–2.07) | 1.49 (1.00–2.22) |
Leukocytes | 1.33 (0.90–1.96) | 1.46 (0.97–2.19) |
Neutrophyls | 1.03 (0.71–1.50) | 1.23 (0.83–1.82) |
Lymphocytes | 1.20 (0.80–1.78) | 1.34 (0.89–2.02) |
Monocytes | 1.19 (0.81–1.75) | 1.20 (0.80–1.80) |
Platelets | 1.00 (0.68–1.48) | 1.07 (0.72–1.60) |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 0.97 (0.66–1.43) | 0.97 (0.65–1.43) |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 1.01 (0.68–1.49) | 1.18 (0.78–1.76) |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 0.93 (0.63–1.36) | 0.84 (0.57–1.24) |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.40 (0.97–2.02) | 1.38 (0.91–2.09) |
Renal composite (n = 206) | ||
Haemoglobin | 0.67 (0.46–0.98)‡ | 0.67 (0.45–0.98)‡ |
RDW | 1.13 (0.80–1.58) | 1.10 (0.78–1.55) |
Leukocytes | 1.47 (1.04–2.09)‡ | 1.38 (0.97–1.98) |
Neutrophyls | 1.25 (0.90–1.74) | 1.19 (0.85–1.67) |
Lymphocytes | 1.14 (0.81–1.61) | 1.18 (0.82–1.69) |
Monocytes | 1.18 (0.84–1.66) | 1.10 (0.77–1.57) |
Platelets | 1.02 (0.71–1.47) | 1.06 (0.74–1.53) |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.23 (0.88–1.71) | 1.13 (0.80–1.59) |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.75 (0.52–1.07) | 0.78 (0.54–1.13) |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.04 (0.74–1.45) | 1.04 (0.74–1.47) |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.17 (0.84–1.64) | 1.04 (0.73–1.49) |
Microalbuminuria (n = 127) | ||
Haemoglobin | 0.70 (0.43–1.13) | 0.65 (0.40–1.07) |
RDW | 1.20 (0.77–1.86) | 1.22 (0.78–1.91) |
Leukocytes | 1.55 (0.99–2.43) | 1.49 (0.95–2.35) |
Neutrophyls | 1.43 (0.94–2.18) | 1.36 (0.88–2.09) |
Lymphocytes | 1.09 (0.71–1.69) | 1.17 (0.74–1.84) |
Monocytes | 1.01 (0.66–1.54) | 0.99 (0.64–1.53) |
Platelets | 1.24 (0.77–1.99) | 1.22 (0.75–1.97) |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.23 (0.81–1.86) | 1.12 (0.73–1.72) |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.77 (0.48–1.21) | 0.80 (0.50–1.28) |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.02 (0.66–1.58) | 0.97 (0.62–1.51) |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.00 (0.64–1.55) | 0.95 (0.60–1.51) |
Renal failure (n = 104) | ||
Haemoglobin | 0.50 (0.29–0.87)‡ | 0.58 (0.33–1.01) |
RDW | 1.13 (0.69–1.83) | 1.10 (0.68–1.80) |
Leukocytes | 1.35 (0.83–2.18) | 1.19 (0.73–1.95) |
Neutrophyls | 1.17 (0.74–1.86) | 1.11 (0.69–1.78) |
Lymphocytes | 1.10 (0.68–1.78) | 1.03 (0.62–1.71) |
Monocytes | 1.67 (1.01–2.74)‡ | 1.50 (0.89–2.53) |
Platelets | 0.82 (0.50–1.35) | 0.87 (0.53–1.45) |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.54 (0.95–2.47) | 1.47 (0.90–2.41) |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.56 (0.33–0.93)‡ | 0.58 (0.34–0.99)‡ |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.13 (0.72–1.79) | 1.17 (0.73–1.88) |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.30 (0.82–2.07) | 1.09 (0.66–1.81) |
Peripheral neuropathy (n = 179) | ||
Haemoglobin | 0.70 (0.43–1.14) | 1.45 (0.80–2.64) |
RDW | 1.56 (0.98–2.48) | 0.69 (0.39–1.21) |
Leukocytes | 1.41 (0.89–2.22) | 1.35 (0.80–2.28) |
Neutrophyls | 1.33 (0.84–2.10) | 1.33 (0.78–2.24) |
Lymphocytes | 0.77 (0.48–1.23) | 0.79 (0.46–1.35) |
Monocytes | 1.02 (0.65–1.61) | 0.98 (0.58–1.66) |
Platelets | 0.92 (0.57–1.48) | 0.90 (0.52–1.56) |
Neutrophyl-to-lymphocyte ratio | 1.54 (0.97–2.46) | 1.35 (0.79–2.31) |
Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio | 0.76 (0.47–1.23) | 0.75 (0.43–1.30) |
Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 0.90 (0.57–1.41) | 0.92 (0.54–1.54) |
Monocyte-to-HDL ratio | 1.24 (0.79–1.95) | 1.41 (0.82–2.43) |