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Current Atherosclerosis Reports

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30.01.2024 | Review

Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Young Patients with CKD and the Role of Lipid-Lowering Therapy

verfasst von: Vojtech Kratky, Anna Valerianova, Zdenka Hruskova, Vladimir Tesar, Jan Malik

Erschienen in: Current Atherosclerosis Reports | Ausgabe 4/2024

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with a significantly increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This review summarizes known risk factors, pathophysiological mechanisms, and current therapeutic possibilities, focusing on lipid-lowering therapy in CKD.

Recent Findings

Novel data on lipid-lowering therapy in CKD mainly stem from clinical trials and clinical studies.

Summary

In addition to traditional CVD risk factors, patients with CKD often present with non-traditional risk factors that include, e.g., anemia, proteinuria, or calcium-phosphate imbalance. Dyslipidemia remains an important contributing CVD risk factor in CKD, although the mechanisms involved differ from the general population. While statins are the most commonly used lipid-lowering therapy in CKD patients, some statins may require dose reduction. Importantly, statins showed diminished beneficial effect on cardiovascular events in patients with severe CKD and hypercholesterolemia despite high CVD risk and effective reduction of LDL cholesterol. Ezetimibe enables the reduction of the dose of statins and their putative toxicity and, in combination with statins, reduces CVD endpoints in CKD patients. The use of novel drugs such as PCSK9 inhibitors is safe in CKD, but their potential to reduce cardiovascular events in CKD needs to be elucidated in future studies.

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Titel: Increased Cardiovascular Risk in Young Patients with CKD and the Role of Lipid-Lowering Therapy
verfasst von: Vojtech Kratky
Anna Valerianova
Zdenka Hruskova
Vladimir Tesar
Jan Malik
Publikationsdatum: 30.01.2024
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Current Atherosclerosis Reports / Ausgabe 4/2024
Print ISSN: 1523-3804
Elektronische ISSN: 1534-6242
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11883-024-01191-w

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