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Current HIV/AIDS Reports

Erschienen in:

18.05.2019 | HIV Pathogenesis and Treatment (AL Landay and NS Utay, Section Editors)

Innate Lymphoid Cells: Their Contributions to Gastrointestinal Tissue Homeostasis and HIV/SIV Disease Pathology

verfasst von: Joseph C. Mudd, Jason M. Brenchley

Erschienen in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports | Ausgabe 3/2019

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Abstract

Purpose of Review

The discovery of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) over the past decade has reformed principles that were once thought to be exclusive to adaptive immunity. Here, we describe ILC nomenclature and function, and provide a survey of studies examining these cells in the context of HIV/SIV infections. Particular emphasis is placed on the ILC3 subset, important for proper functioning of the gastrointestinal tract barrier.

Recent Findings

Studies in both humans and nonhuman primates have found ILCs to be rapidly and durably depleted in untreated HIV/SIV infections. Their depletion is most likely due to a number of bystander effects induced by viral replication.

Summary

Given the number of associations observed between loss of ILCs and HIV-related GI damage, their impact on the GI tract is likely important. It may be informative to examine this subset in parallel with other immune cell types when assessing overall health of the GI tract in future studies.

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Titel: Innate Lymphoid Cells: Their Contributions to Gastrointestinal Tissue Homeostasis and HIV/SIV Disease Pathology
verfasst von: Joseph C. Mudd
Jason M. Brenchley
Publikationsdatum: 18.05.2019
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Current HIV/AIDS Reports / Ausgabe 3/2019
Print ISSN: 1548-3568
Elektronische ISSN: 1548-3576
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11904-019-00439-4

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Role of T Lymphocytes in HIV Neuropathogenesis

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