Background
Methods
Study design
Data collection and processing
Statistical analysis
Results and discussion
General aspects
Trial arma
| Number of reporting participants | Gender b
| Age (years) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Initially | Finallyc
| Females | Males | Mean (SDd) | Range | |
Water and soap | 257 | 297 | 202 | 80 | 45.1 (10.2) | 22 – 64 |
Alcohol hand rub | 202 | 238 | 170 | 53 | 42.7 (10.1) | 20 - 63 |
Control | 224 | 230 | 173 | 61 | 42.9 (11.1) | 21 – 62 |
Type of infection and arm | Number of distinct infection episodes and proportion of weeks with onsetb
| Weekly prevalence of reported symptoms | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number and proportion (out of all follow-up weeksa) | Predictive margin (and 95% credible interval) | Risk ratio (RRa)c(and 95% credible interval) | Probability that RRa is under 1.0 | ||
RTI | |||||
Control | 974/0.084 | 1470/0.126 | 0.130 (0.114, 0.151) | NR | |
Soap and water | 1187/0.079 | 1646/0.110 | 0.108 (0.096, 0.122) | 0.836 (0.658, 1.031) | 0.954 |
Alcohol rub | 1055/0.088 | 1546/0.129 | 0.124 (0.109, 0.144) | 0.960 (0.755, 1.197) | 0.639 |
GTI | |||||
Control | 233/0.020 | 313/0.027 | 0.025 (0.020, 0.032) | NR | |
Soap and water | 231/0.015 | 282/0.019 | 0,019 (0.015, 0.023) | 0.740 (0.510, 1.049) | 0.960 |
Alcohol rub | 229/0.019 | 274/0.023 | 0.023 (0.018, 0.029) | 0.902 (0.620, 1.1281) | 0.720 |
Type of infection and arm | Weeks with reported exposure | Reported site of exposure (number of weeks and proportion out of all reported weeks with exposure) | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number and proportion (out of all follow-up weeksa) | 95% credible interval | Only at work | Only elsewhere | Both at work and elsewhere | |
RTI | |||||
Control | 3279/0.282 | 0.271, 0.293 | 1068/0.326 | 1448/0.442 | 763/0.232 |
Soap and water | 4031/0.268 | 0.259, 0.278 | 1308/0.324 | 1826/0.453 | 897/0.233 |
Alcohol rub | 3507/0.293 | 0.282, 0.304 | 882/0.251 | 1672/0.477 | 953/0.272 |
GTI | |||||
Control | 767/0.066 | 0.060, 0.072 | 261/0.340 | 437/0.570 | 69/0.090 |
Soap and water | 937/0.062 | 0.057, 0.068 | 313/0.334 | 493/0.526 | 131/0.140 |
Alcohol rub | 806/0.067 | 0.061, 0.073 | 251/0.311 | 463/0.574 | 92/0.115 |
Effect of interventions on weekly prevalence of reported symptoms of respiratory infection
Weeks with or without reported exposure Arm and number of weeks | Symptoms reported for | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Same week | Following week | |||||
Number and proportiona
| Predictive margin (CIb) | Risk ratioc (CIb) | Number and proportion | Predictive margin (CI) | Risk ratio (CIb) | |
Exposure reported | ||||||
Control
n = 3279 | 976/0.298 | 0.292 (0.258, 0.329) | NR | 805/0.246 | 0.216 (0.192, 0.246) | NR |
Soap-and-water
n = 4031 | 1151/0.286 | 0.306 (0.276, 0.339) | 1.050d
(0.870, 1.260) | 848/0.210 | 0.188 (0.168, 0.208) | 0.868e
(0.709, 1.038) |
Alcohol rub
n = 3507 | 1042/0.297 | 0.281 (0.245, 0.317) | 0.937f
(0.771, 1.145) | 838/0.239 | 0.207 (0.185, 0.235) | 0.962g
(0.790, 1.16) |
Exposure not reported | ||||||
Control
n = 8365 | 494/0.059 | 0.063 (0.055, 0.072) | NR | 594/0.071 | 0.084 (0.074, 0.096) | NR |
Soap-and-water
n = 10983 | 495/0.045 | 0.042 (0.037, 0.048) | 0.678h
(0.546, 0.823) | 707/0.064 | 0.073 (0.065, 0.081) | 0.868i
(0.709, 1.038) |
Alcohol rub
n = 8476 | 504/0.059 | 0.062 (0.054, 0.071) | 0.986j
(0.803, 1.211) | 627/0.074 | 0.081 (0.072, 0.091) | 0.962k
(0.790, 1.161) |
Effect of interventions on weekly prevalence of reported symptoms of gastrointestinal infection
Weeks with or without reported exposure Arm and number of weeks | Symptoms reported for | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Same week | Following week | |||||
Number and proportiona
| Predictive margin (CIb) | Risk ratioc (CIb) | Number and proportiona
| Predictive margin (CIb) | Risk ratio (CIb) | |
Exposure reported | ||||||
Controls
n = 767 | 159/0.207 | 0.164 (0.129, 0.209) | NR | 67/0.087 | 0.061 (0.048, 0.079) | NR |
Soap-and-water
n = 937 | 159/0.170 | 0.206 (0.166, 0.257) | 1.256d
(0.878, 1.801) | 51/0.054 | 0.047 (0.036, 0.059) | 0.761e
(0.537, 1.060) |
Alcohol rub
n = 806 | 143/0.177 | 0.186 (0.146, 0.239) | 1.130f
(0.781, 1.655) | 63/0.078 | 0.056 (0.043, 0.072) | 0.904g
(0.634, 1.275) |
Exposure not reported | ||||||
Controls
n = 10877 | 154/0.014 | 0.015 (0.012, 0.018) | NR | 226/0.021 | 0.021 (0.017, 0.027) | NR |
Soap-and-water
n = 14107 | 123/0.009 | 0.009 (0.007, 0.011) | 0.592h
(0.412, 0.847) | 210/0.015 | 0.016 (0.013, 0.020) | 0.761i
(0.537, 1.060) |
Alcohol rub
n = 11180 | 131/0.012 | 0.012 (0.009, 0.015) | 0.792j
(0.553, 1.145) | 193/0.017 | 0.018 (0.017, 0.027) | 0.904k
(0.634, 1.275) |