Erschienen in:
30.09.2016 | Editorial
Is the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis disrupted in type
2 diabetes mellitus?
verfasst von:
Hershel Raff, Steven B. Magill
Erschienen in:
Endocrine
|
Ausgabe 2/2016
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Excerpt
There is an intimate relationship between the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis and the control of blood glucose and intermediary metabolism; hence, cortisol is considered the archetypal “glucocorticoid” [
1]. Patients with Cushing’s syndrome often develop hyperglycemia because of the dual effects of increased hepatic gluconeogenesis and peripheral insulin resistance [
1]. Furthermore, glucocorticoids have dramatic hyperphagic effects leading to weight gain and the characteristic fat distribution of Cushing’s syndrome [
2]. Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has many similarities to Cushing’s syndrome with insulin resistance, increased hepatic gluconeogenesis, and development of central obesity [
1‐
4]. As a result of these obvious similarities, the prevalence of Cushing’s syndrome has been evaluated in patients with poorly controlled T2DM and, in some studies, found to be increased although not uniformly so [
5,
6]. …
