Next-generation sequencing (NGS) is a DNA-sequencing technology that performs sequencing from millions of small fragments of DNA in parallel [ 1 ]. NGS-based comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) enables the detection of large numbers of …
A myxoid liposarcoma (MLS) is a liposarcoma subtype comprising uniform, round-to-ovoid cells with variable numbers of small lipoblasts set in a myxoid stroma with a branching capillary vasculature [ 1 ]. MLS presents distinct clinical features …
Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is used in the primary prophylaxis of febrile neutropenia (FN) to improve the safety of chemotherapy, and it is recommended in some guidelines [ 1 – 4 ]. In Japan, two types of G-CSF are available. One …
Photoimmunotherapy (PIT) is a treatment modality in which molecular-targeted drugs activated by infrared light are selectively bound to the cell membranes of tumor cells, and the lesions are then irradiated with near-infrared light to induce …
Retroperitoneal sarcomas (RPS) are a heterogeneous group of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) of retroperitoneal mesenchymal origin, accounting for approximately 15–20% of STSs [ 1 ]. Retroperitoneal liposarcoma (RLPS) is the main histological type of …
The biomarker-oriented chemo-immunotherapy is useful and promising in the development of new anticancer agents, since the responders can be enriched by selecting patients with biomarkers. Compared to colorectal and lung cancers, the development of …
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common solid tumors, and details associated with its carcinogenesis have been intensively studied over the past two decades. Most instances of CRC are microsatellite-stable, owing to the inactivation of …
Recently, high-precision external beam radiotherapy has been introduced widely in Japan. Intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) and image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) are effective techniques for external beam radiotherapy for localized prostate …
Molecularly targeted therapy for receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) has faced limitations in gastric and gastroesophageal junction (G/GEJ) cancer except for HER2-targeted agents, possibly due to inappropriate assay selection that has hindered …
verfasst von:
Hisato Kawakami
Open Access
16.04.2024 | JSCO Board of Directors Series
In the field of urology, robotic surgery has gained rapid and wide acceptance as a standard surgical approach in the majority of major surgeries over the last decade. To date, the da Vinci surgical system has been the dominant platform in robotic …
After completion of the review by Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (PMDA), nivolumab was approved in Japan in February 9, 2024 for unresectable advanced or recurrent epithelial skin malignancies [ 1 ].
Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer among women, and its diagnosis requires the accurate identification and classification of histological features for effective patient management. Artificial intelligence, particularly through deep …
verfasst von:
Ayaka Katayama, Yuki Aoki, Yukako Watanabe, Jun Horiguchi, Emad A. Rakha, Tetsunari Oyama
Recently, utilization of immune checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of DNA mismatch repair deficient (dMMR) solid tumors has gained significant attention [ 1 , 2 ]. Currently, two major methods are used to identify dMMR in the tumors, molecular …
The Japan Society of Clinical Oncology Clinical Practice Guidelines 2022 for gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) have been published in accordance with the Minds Manual for Guideline Development 2014 and 2017. A specialized team independent of …
verfasst von:
Seiichi Hirota, Ukihide Tateishi, Yuji Nakamoto, Hidetaka Yamamoto, Shinji Sakurai, Hirotoshi Kikuchi, Tatsuo Kanda, Yukinori Kurokawa, Haruhiko Cho, Toshirou Nishida, Akira Sawaki, Masato Ozaka, Yoshito Komatsu, Yoichi Naito, Yoshitaka Honma, Fumiaki Takahashi, Hironobu Hashimoto, Midori Udo, Minako Araki, Sumito Nishidate, Members of the Systematic Review Team of the Present Guidelines
Adenocarcinoma is the most common type of lung cancer worldwide [ 1 ]. Among the histological subtypes of invasive non-mucinous adenocarcinoma, it often presents as mixed histology, which includes a combination of lepidic, acinar, papillary …
Intraoperative peritoneal washing cytology (CY) is widely used for diagnosing and staging ovarian and gastric cancers [ 1 , 2 ]. In gastric cancer, a positive peritoneal cytology (PPC) result is diagnosed as distant metastasis (M1). PPC is also …
Chemoradiotherapy (CRT), followed by total mesorectal excision (TME), is the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer [ 1 ]. In recent years, close observation without surgery in cases that demonstrated a good response to …
Human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) is one of the famous oncogenes in breast and gastric cancer [ 1 ]. HER2 overexpression or its gene amplification have been reported up to 20% in gastric cancer [ 2 – 4 ], suggesting that it is a critical …
A low skeletal muscle mass (LSMM), measured using imaging modalities, has been reported to be associated with poor oncological outcomes in various cancers (including prostate cancer [PCa]) [ 1 ]. LSMM is defined as the skeletal muscle mass with two …
