The proglucagon gene ( GCG ) encodes several circulating peptides/hormones including glucagon, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), glucagon-like peptide 2, glicentin, oxyntomodulin, and major proglucagon fragment (MPGF). Glucagon and GLP-1 impact on …
verfasst von:
Marie Winther-Sørensen, Sara L. Garcia, Andreas Bartholdy, Maud E. Ottenheijm, Karina Banasik, Søren Brunak, Charlotte M. Sørensen, Lise Lotte Gluud, Filip K. Knop, Jens J. Holst, Mette M. Rosenkilde, Majken K. Jensen, Nicolai J. Wewer Albrechtsen
Yukari Kobayashi, Jin Long, Shozen Dan, Neil M. Johannsen, Ruth Talamoa, Sonia Raghuram, Sukyung Chung, Kyla Kent, Marina Basina, Cynthia Lamendola, Francois Haddad, Mary B. Leonard, Timothy S. Church, Latha Palaniappan
Despite the availability of new classes of glucose-lowering drugs that improve glycaemic levels and minimise long-term complications, at least 20–25% of people with type 2 diabetes require insulin therapy. Moreover, a substantial proportion of …
Diabetic nephropathy, a major microvascular complication of diabetes, is a chronic and leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD), which has high morbidity and mortality rates [ 1 ]. Worldwide, approximately 30–40% of people with diabetes will …
Glucose control is key to preventing diabetes complications in people with type 1 diabetes [ 1 – 4 ]. Analyses of glucose levels related to lower risk of diabetes complications have generally been based on the biomarker HbA 1c [ 2 ]. HbA 1c does …
verfasst von:
Sofia Sterner Isaksson, Henrik Imberg, Irl B. Hirsch, Erik Schwarcz, Jarl Hellman, Magnus Wijkman, Jan Bolinder, Thomas Nyström, Helene Holmer, Sara Hallström, Arndís F. Ólafsdóttir, Sofia Pekkari, William Polonsky, Marcus Lind
Exercise improves metabolic control in part by increasing muscle glucose uptake during muscle contractions by insulin independent mechanisms and by increasing skeletal muscle insulin sensitivity following exercise [ 1 – 5 ]. Indeed, skeletal muscle …
verfasst von:
Christian T. Voldstedlund, Kim A. Sjøberg, Farina L. Schlabs, Casper M. Sigvardsen, Nicoline R. Andersen, Jens J. Holst, Bolette Hartmann, Jørgen F. P. Wojtaszewski, Bente Kiens, Glenn K. McConell, Erik A. Richter
Exercise provides health benefits for individuals with type 1 diabetes, through reducing CVD, improving skeletal muscle health and increasing fitness [ 1 , 2 ]. Despite the benefits of exercise, barriers to its use as a diabetes therapy remain.
verfasst von:
Guy S. Taylor, Kieran Smith, Jadine Scragg, Timothy J. McDonald, James A. Shaw, Daniel J. West, Lee D. Roberts
Guidelines for 24 h movement [ 1 , 2 ] are based on evidence that behaviours composing a day (sitting, standing, physical activity and sleep) can have interrelated contributions to health. Changing time spent in one of these behaviours will …
verfasst von:
Christian J. Brakenridge, Annemarie Koster, Bastiaan E. de Galan, Alison Carver, Dorothea Dumuid, Francis Q. S. Dzakpasu, Simone J. P. M. Eussen, Hans H. C. M. Savelberg, Hans Bosma, Neville Owen, Nicolaas C. Schaper, Genevieve N. Healy, David W. Dunstan
Over recent decades, the prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically, reaching pandemic levels worldwide, there being over 1.9 billion adults with overweight or obesity in 2016 [ 1 ]. Overweight and obesity are characterised by an excessive …
verfasst von:
Jan W. Eriksson, Maria J. Pereira, Christakis Kagios, Sofia Kvernby, Elin Lundström, Giovanni Fanni, Martin H. Lundqvist, Björn C. L. Carlsson, Magnus Sundbom, Sambit Tarai, Mark Lubberink, Joel Kullberg, Ulf Risérus, Håkan Ahlström
Cardiovascular and kidney complications contribute to excess morbidity and mortality in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus [ 1 ]. Besides lifestyle interventions, current guidelines recommend a combination of drugs to prevent or delay the …
verfasst von:
Sara Denicolò, Vera Reinstadler, Felix Keller, Stefanie Thöni, Susanne Eder, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink, László Rosivall, Andrzej Wiecek, Patrick B. Mark, Paul Perco, Johannes Leierer, Andreas Kronbichler, Herbert Oberacher, Gert Mayer
Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) provides real-time information on high and low glucose patterns, glucose change directions and glycaemic variability that cannot be obtained by HbA 1c or a limited number of daily fingerstick blood glucose …
verfasst von:
Ji Yoon Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Kang Hee Sim, Bo-Yeon Kim, Jae Hyoung Cho, Jun Sung Moon, Soo Lim, Eun Seok Kang, Cheol-Young Park, Sin Gon Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim
Glycaemic control for individuals with type 1 diabetes is challenging. Due to the impaired insulin secretory function of individuals with type 1 diabetes, they often experience hypoglycaemia and hyperglycaemia [ 1 – 3 ]. Real-world data show that a …
verfasst von:
Ji Yoon Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Eun Seok Kang, Soo Heon Kwak, Yeoree Yang, Jee Hee Yoo, Jae Hyun Bae, Jun Sung Moon, Chang Hee Jung, Ji Cheol Bae, Sunghwan Suh, Sun Joon Moon, Sun Ok Song, Suk Chon, Jae Hyeon Kim
Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for both ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke, affecting up to a third of individuals with cerebrovascular diseases. Beyond being a risk factor for stroke, diabetes and hyperglycaemia have a negative …
Data-driven clustering analysis has been proposed for categorising type 2 diabetes based on six clinical parameters: age, BMI, HbA 1c , GAD antibodies and HOMA-2 estimates of beta cell function and insulin resistance [ 1 ]. In the study by Ahlqvist …
verfasst von:
Xinyu Li, Louise A. Donnelly, Roderick C. Slieker, Joline W. J. Beulens, Leen M. ‘t Hart, Petra J. M. Elders, Ewan R. Pearson, Anoukh van Giessen, Jose Leal, Talitha Feenstra
Semaglutide, administered s.c., has shown superior efficacy compared with other glucose-lowering agents, including its oral formulation, in reducing HbA 1c and in facilitating weight loss in individuals with type 2 diabetes [ 1 , 2 ]. Initially …
verfasst von:
Thomas Karagiannis, Konstantinos Malandris, Ioannis Avgerinos, Athina Stamati, Panagiota Kakotrichi, Aris Liakos, Despoina Vasilakou, Nikolaos Kakaletsis, Apostolos Tsapas, Eleni Bekiari
The incidence of type 1 diabetes has increased worldwide over the last few decades, although the increase appears to have levelled off in some high-incidence countries [ 1 ]. Genetic factors, namely variation in the HLA region, are involved in the …
verfasst von:
Johanna Metsälä, Kari Risnes, Martina Persson, Riitta Veijola, Anna Pulakka, Katriina Heikkilä, Suvi Alenius, Mika Gissler, Signe Opdahl, Sven Sandin, Eero Kajantie
Diabetes mellitus affects 463 million people worldwide and this number is projected to rise to 700 million by 2045, making it a major global epidemic [ 1 ]. In the UK, 4.9 million individuals have diabetes, with £10 billion annually allocated by …
verfasst von:
Aikaterini Eleftheriadou, David Riley, Sizheng S. Zhao, Philip Austin, Gema Hernández, Gregory Y. H. Lip, Timothy L. Jackson, John P. H. Wilding, Uazman Alam
Limb loss is the most feared complication of diabetes, and foot ulceration its most common antecedent. Quality of diabetic foot disease care has therefore often been assessed by comparing amputation rates between services and between countries.
verfasst von:
Jonathan Valabhji, Naomi Holman, Nicholas Collins, Robert J. Young, Paul Chadwick, Adam Robinson, Rahul Nayar, Satyan Rajbhandari, David V. Coppini, Marie-France Kong, Simon Ashwell, Ananth Nayak, Sanjeev Mehta, Chris Manu, Michael Edmonds, Catherine Gooday, Ketan Dhatariya
