Standing balance is a seemingly simple motor task that is critical to many activities of daily living. Adults rarely give this activity much consideration until balance is compromised through age, disease, or environmental perturbations. Standing …
verfasst von:
Marshall H. Tonellato, Valerie C. Cates, Jessica A. Dickenson, Trevor A. Day, Nicholas D. J. Strzalkowski
Caffeine (1,3,7-trimethylxanthine) is a widely used stimulant, consumed by 80% of the world’s population, most commonly via plant sources (coffee, tea etc.) or manufactured products, such as energy drinks, caffeinated gums and gels (Burke 2008 ; …
verfasst von:
Kevin John, Sayyam Kathuria, Jenny Peel, Joe Page, Robyn Aitkenhead, Aimee Felstead, Shane M. Heffernan, Owen Jeffries, Jamie Tallent, Mark Waldron
Cross-education or the crossover effect has been described as an increase in skill or muscular abilities in an untrained limb from educating (i.e., training) an opposite limb (Scripture et al. 1894 ). Many of the initial studies, which observed a …
verfasst von:
Vickie Wong, Jun Seob Song, Yujiro Yamada, Ryo Kataoka, William B. Hammert, Robert W. Spitz, Jeremy P. Loenneke
Certain track and field long-distance events aim to achieve record-breaking accomplishments, while others, such as the Olympic Games and World Championships, involve multiple races spanning several days, starting with qualification rounds and …
The determination of maximal glycolytic power is multifaceted due to the simultaneous production of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) from all three-energy systems (phosphagen, glycolytic, and oxidative) (Beneke et al. 2002 ; Heck et al. 2003 ).
A significant rise in mortality, particularly among the elderly population, has been observed during heatwaves (Robine et al. 2008 ; Semenza et al. 1996 ). Although most studies indicate that females face a heightened mortality risk during …
verfasst von:
Hein A. M. Daanen, Iris Dijkstra, Emma Abbink, Iris J. de Jong, S. Tony Wolf, Coen C. W. G. Bongers, Laurens S. Hondema, Thijs M. H. Eijsvogels, Boris R. M. Kingma
Performance outcomes in stochastic endurance events, such as road cycling, are often determined by the ability to produce high work outputs in the severe-intensity domain following multiple hours of exercise, primarily performed in the …
verfasst von:
Kate Hamilton, Andrew E. Kilding, Daniel J. Plews, Mathew J. Mildenhall, Mark Waldron, Thanchanok Charoensap, Tobias H. Cox, Matthew J. Brick, Warren B. Leigh, Ed Maunder
There is increased demand in the competitive swimming field to explore aspects related to training biomechanics and physiology for performance enhancement (Crowley et al. 2017 ). Resistance training is commonly practiced before swimming training …
verfasst von:
Natanael P. Batista, Flávia A. de Carvalho, Caio R. D. Rodrigues, Jéssica K. Micheletti, Aryane F. Machado, Carlos M. Pastre
Endothelial dysfunction is considered an important prognostic factor and precursor to the development of atherosclerosis (Green et al. 2011 ; Raitakari and Celermajer 2000 ) and is strongly associated with the risk of cardiovascular diseases (Green …
Prior studies suggest resistance exercise as a potential form of motor learning due to task-specific corticospinal responses observed in single sessions of motor skill and resistance training. While existing literature primarily focuses on upper …
verfasst von:
Alex Woodhead, Christopher Rainer, Jessica Hill, Colm P. Murphy, Jamie S. North, Dawson Kidgell, Jamie Tallent
High-performance endurance athletes have made greater use of terrestrial live-high, train-high (LHTH) altitude (ALT) camps in recent decades, aiming to use the hypoxic environment to enhance specific neuromuscular and physiological adaptations to …
verfasst von:
Daniel J. Astridge, Michael McKenna, Adrian Campbell, Anthony P. Turner
This research paper was originally submitted in November 2023, shortly after Kelvin Kiptum’s record breaking marathon. The original intent was to evaluate his performance from a drag perspective, ultimately showing that he could have finished the …
With ascent to high altitude (HA), compensatory increases in cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery must occur to preserve cerebral metabolism and consciousness. We hypothesized that this compensation in cerebral blood flow and oxygen delivery …
verfasst von:
Alexander J. Rosenberg, Garen K. Anderson, Haley J. McKeefer, Jordan Bird, Brandon Pentz, Britta R. M. Byman, Nicholas Jendzjowsky, Richard J. Wilson, Trevor A. Day, Caroline A. Rickards
Exercise physiologists have typically profiled endurance performance capabilities using maximum oxygen uptake ( $$\dot{\text{V}}$$ V ˙ O 2 max), power output at the transitions between the moderate, heavy, and severe intensity domains, and movement …
verfasst von:
Gabriele Gallo, Emanuela Luisa Faelli, Piero Ruggeri, Luca Filipas, Roberto Codella, Daniel J. Plews, Ed Maunder
Aged population is increasing rapidly such that one in six people worldwide will be aged 65 or older in 2050 (World Population Prospects 2019 ). An increased aged population could widen a gap between the life expectancy and health-adjusted life …
Responses to systematic resistance training (RT) vary widely between individuals, with as much as 10–15% showing impaired skeletal muscle growth in response to standardised training interventions (Thalacker-Mercer et al. 2013 ; Mann et al. 2014 ; …
verfasst von:
Kristian Lian, Daniel Hammarström, Håvard Hamarsland, Knut Sindre Mølmen, Sara Christine Moen, Stian Ellefsen
Exercise in hot environments confers direct (thermal) and indirect (splanchnic vasoconstriction) stress on the gastrointestinal mucosa (Rowell 1974 ), altering the phosphorylation status of tight junction proteins and allowing lipopolysaccharide …
verfasst von:
Nathan J. Conrad, Emerson P. Heckler, Ben J. Lee, Garrett W. Hill, Tessa R. Flood, Lucy E. V. Wheeler, Rianne Costello, Ella F. Walker, Trevor L. Gillum, Mark E. T. Willems, Matthew R. Kuennen
Altitude training is widely used by coaches and athletes to complement normal training at sea level. Applied to strength, studies have shown how hypertrophy resistance training (R T ) under moderate hypoxic conditions promote the mechanisms related …
Growth hormone (GH) is a peptide hormone secreted by the anterior pituitary gland in the brain, serving as a crucial regulator of growth and metabolism in various tissues throughout the body (Roth et al. 1963 ). Its multifaceted effects are …
The present study tested the hypothesis that ingesting 800 mg Ibuprofen prior to self-paced cycling at a fixed rating of perceived exertion (RPE) improves performance by attenuating the release of Interleukin (IL)-6 and its signalling molecules …
verfasst von:
Nicole T. Vargas, Caroline V. Robertson, Frank E. Marino
