Tweetable abstract
Background
Objectives
Methods
Laboratory analysis
Data analysis
Patient and public involvement
Results
DMPA | IUD | Implant | p | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | n | n | ||||||||
Age (years) | 121 | 25.0 | (4.3) | 124 | 25.4 | (4.6) | 120 | 24.5 | (4.7) | 0.30 |
Never married | 131 | 122 | 93.1% | 135 | 131 | 97.0% | 136 | 132 | 97.1% | 0.23 |
Secondary school incomplete | 131 | 75 | 57.3% | 135 | 63 | 46.7% | 136 | 76 | 55.9% | 0.17 |
Earns income | 131 | 16 | 12.2% | 135 | 22 | 16.3% | 136 | 19 | 14.0% | 0.63 |
Nulliparous | 131 | 33 | 25.2% | 135 | 40 | 29.6% | 136 | 41 | 30.2% | 0.62 |
Regular menses | 131 | 76 | 58.0% | 135 | 89 | 65.0% | 136 | 80 | 58.8% | 0.34 |
Breastfeeding | 131 | 19 | 14.5% | 135 | 12 | 8.9% | 136 | 10 | 7.4% | 0.35 |
No Prior contraception | 131 | 3 | 2.3% | 135 | 5 | 3.7% | 136 | 6 | 4.4 | 0.70 |
Fetal loss < 20 Weeks gestation | 98 | 16 | 16.3% | 95 | 23 | 24.2% | 95 | 22 | 23.2% | 0.35 |
Stillbirth | 98 | 2 | 2.0% | 95 | 9 | 9.5% | 95 | 4 | 4.2% | 0.07 |
Plan future children | 131 | 85 | 64.9% | 135 | 96 | 71.1% | 136 | 106 | 77.9% | 0.06 |
Age lastborn child | 92 | 3.1 | (2.9) | 87 | 3.6 | (3.1) | 89 | 3.0 | (2.4) | 0.27 |
No alcohol | 131 | 71 | 54.2% | 135 | 78 | 57.8% | 135 | 66 | 48.9% | 0.34 |
Non smoker | 131 | 119 | 90.8% | 135 | 116 | 85.9% | 135 | 117 | 86.7% | 0.42 |
Has mobile phone | 131 | 129 | 98.5% | 135 | 130 | 96.3% | 135 | 131 | 97.0% | 0.64 |
Treatment | n | Baseline median (IQR) | n | 6 months median (IQR) | n | Median change (6 m vs baseline, IQR) | p-valuea |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Testosterone, nmol/L | |||||||
DMPA | 131 | 0.82 (0.56, 1.2) | 132 | 0.68 (0.5, 0.88) | 131 | −0.16 (− 0.35, 0.04) | < 0.001 |
IUD | 135 | 0.9 (0.66, 1.18) | 135 | 0.86 (0.68, 1.11) | 135 | 0.01 (−0.19, 0.14) | 0.337 |
Implant | 135 | 0.87 (0.64, 1.26) | 135 | 0.66 (0.51, 0.85) | 133 | −0.23 (−0.48, − 0.03) | < 0.001 |
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin, nmol/L | |||||||
DMPA | 131 | 52.4 (38.4, 74.1) | 132 | 40.65 (31.55–53.9) | 131 | −9.6 (−21.8, 0.4) | < 0.001 |
IUD | 135 | 50.5 (34.7, 76) | 135 | 49.1 (36.2–71.1) | 135 | 3 (−13, 15.5) | 0.618 |
Implant | 132 | 55.75 (34.45, 81.9) | 134 | 23.35 (18.1–33.6) | 132 | −27.2 (−45.85, −12.05) | < 0.001 |
Free testosterone, pmol/L | |||||||
DMPA | 131 | 10 (7, 16) | 131 | 11 (8, 15) | 131 | 0 (−3, 3) | 0.516 |
IUD | 135 | 12 (9, 16) | 135 | 12 (9, 17) | 135 | 0 (−4, 2) | 0.225 |
Implant | 136 | 11 (8, 16) | 132 | 14 (10, 18.5) | 132 | 3 (−1.5, 6) | <0.001 |
Treatment | Baseline mean % difference (CI) | p-value | 6 months mean % difference (CI) | p-value | Change mean % difference (CI) | p-value |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Testosterone | ||||||
IUD vs DMPA | 7.32 (−3.7, 19.6) | 0.202 | 28.35 (15.19, 43.02) | < 0.001 | 19.60 (7.24, 33.39) | 0.001 |
Implant vs DMPA | 10.09 (−1.21, 22.68) | 0.082 | −1.14 (− 11.27, 10.15) | 0.836 | -10.20 (-19.49, 0.18) | 0.054 |
Implant vs IUD | 2.58 (−7.88, 14.22) | 0.642 | −22.98 (−14.23, −30.83) | < 0.001 | −24.91 (-32.63, -16.31) | <0.001 |
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin | ||||||
IUD vs DMPA | −7.73 (−19.23, 5.41) | 0.236 | 21.19 (6.10, 38.42) | 0.005 | 31.34 (15.84, 48.91) | <0.001 |
Implant vs DMPA | 0.37 (−12.19, 14.73) | 0.957 | −39.45 (−30.82, − 47) | < 0.001 | −39.67 (− 46.82, − 31.56) | < 0.001 |
Implant vs IUD | 8.78 (− 4.75, 24.23) | 0.214 | −50.04 (− 42.96, − 56.23) | < 0.001 | −54.07 (− 59.48, − 47.94) | < 0.001 |
Free testosterone | ||||||
IUD vs DMPA | 14.91 (1.37, 30.26) | 0.030 | 13.53 (0.15, 28.7) | 0.047 | -1.20 (-11.87, 10.77) | 0.836 |
Implant vs DMPA | 7.70 (−4.97, 22.06) | 0.245 | 29.60 (14.28, 46.97) | < 0.001 | 20.34 (7.29, 34.97) | 0.002 |
Implant vs IUD | −6.28 (−17.22, 6.12) | 0.306 | 14.15 (0.76, 29.33) | 0.038 | 21.80 (8.68, 36.50) | 0.001 |