nach oben

Pediatric Radiology

Erschienen in:

01.06.2009 | Review

Imaging of parapneumonic pleural effusions and empyema in children

verfasst von: Alistair Calder, Catherine M. Owens

Erschienen in: Pediatric Radiology | Ausgabe 6/2009

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Pleural empyema in children is increasing in incidence. The British Thoracic Society published guidelines for the management of empyema in children in 2005, including recommendations regarding imaging. In this article we review the pathophysiology, treatment options and imaging findings of complicated parapneumonic effusion and empyema in children. We also review the published evidence that supports the roles imaging is called upon to play in the management of these conditions. Imaging in the form of chest radiography and US is recommended to identify and guide drainage of complicated parapneumonic effusions. CT is recommended in special circumstances only. Imaging techniques have not been shown to accurately stage empyema, predict outcome or guide decisions regarding surgical versus medical management.

Jaffé A, Balfour-Lynn IM (2005) Management of empyema in children. Pediatr Pulmonol 40:148–156PubMedCrossRef

Balfour-Lynn IM, Abrahamson E, Cohen G et al (2005) BTS guidelines for the management of pleural infection in children. Thorax 60(Suppl 1):i1–i21PubMedCrossRef

Ferguson AD, Prescott RJ, Selkon JB et al (1996) The clinical course and management of thoracic empyema. QJM 89:285–289PubMed

Hamm H, Light RW (1997) Parapneumonic effusion and empyema. Eur Respir J 10:1150–1156PubMedCrossRef

Kearney SE, Davies CW, Davies RJ et al (2000) Computed tomography and ultrasound in parapneumonic effusions and empyema. Clin Radiol 55:542–547PubMedCrossRef

Thomson AH, Hull J, Kumar MR et al (2002) Randomised trial of intrapleural urokinase in the treatment of childhood empyema. Thorax 57:343–347PubMedCrossRef

Cohen E, Weinstein M, Fisman DN (2008) Cost-effectiveness of competing strategies for the treatment of pediatric empyema. Pediatrics 121:e1250–e1257PubMedCrossRef

Gates RL, Caniano DA, Hayes JR et al (2004) Does VATS provide optimal treatment of empyema in children? A systematic review. J Pediatr Surg 39:381–386PubMedCrossRef

Kurt BA, Winterhalter KM, Connors RH et al (2006) Therapy of parapneumonic effusions in children: video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery versus conventional thoracostomy drainage. Pediatrics 118:e547–e553PubMedCrossRef

10.

Sonnappa S, Cohen G, Owens CM et al (2006) Comparison of urokinase and video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for treatment of childhood empyema. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 174:221–227PubMedCrossRef

11.

King S, Thomson A (2002) Radiological perspectives in empyema. Br Med Bull 61:203–214PubMedCrossRef

12.

Donnelly LF, Klosterman LA (1997) CT appearance of parapneumonic effusions in children: findings are not specific for empyema. AJR 169:179–182PubMed

13.

Evans AL, Gleeson FV (2004) Radiology in pleural disease: state of the art. Respirology 9:300–312PubMedCrossRef

14.

Yang PC, Luh KT, Chang DB et al (1992) Value of sonography in determining the nature of pleural effusion: analysis of 320 cases. AJR 159:29–33PubMed

15.

Aquino SL, Webb WR, Gushiken BJ (1994) Pleural exudates and transudates: diagnosis with contrast-enhanced CT. Radiology 192:803–808PubMed

16.

Baber CE, Hedlund LW, Oddson TA et al (1980) Differentiating empyemas and peripheral pulmonary abscesses: the value of computed tomography. Radiology 135:755–758PubMed

17.

Stark DD, Federle MP, Goodman PC et al (1983) Differentiating lung abscess and empyema: radiography and computed tomography. AJR 141:163–167PubMed

18.

Chiu CY, Wong KS (2006) Echo-guided management of complicated parapneumonic effusion in children. Pediatr Pulmonol 41:1226–1232PubMedCrossRef

19.

Shankar S, Gulati M, Kang M et al (2000) Image-guided percutaneous drainage of thoracic empyema: can sonography predict the outcome? Eur Radiol 10:495–499PubMedCrossRef

20.

Ramnath RR, Heller RM, Ben-Ami T et al (1998) Implications of early sonographic evaluation of parapneumonic effusions in children with pneumonia. Pediatrics 101:68–71PubMedCrossRef

21.

Jaffe A, Calder AD, Owens CM et al (2008) The role of routine computed tomography in paediatric pleural empyema. Thorax 63:897–902PubMedCrossRef

22.

Donnelly LF, Klosterman LA (1998) The yield of CT of children who have complicated pneumonia and noncontributory chest radiography. AJR 170:1627–1631PubMed

23.

Davies CW, Gleeson FV, Davies RJ et al (2003) BTS guidelines for the management of pleural infection. Thorax 58(Suppl 2):ii18–ii28PubMed

24.

Eibenberger KL, Dock WI, Ammann ME et al (1994) Quantification of pleural effusions: sonography versus radiography. Radiology 191:681–684PubMed

25.

Merriam MA, Cronan JJ, Dorfman GS et al (1988) Radiographically guided percutaneous catheter drainage of pleural fluid collections. AJR 151:1113–1116PubMed

26.

Stavas J, van Sonnenberg E, Casola G et al (1987) Percutaneous drainage of infected and noninfected thoracic fluid collections. J Thorac Imaging 2:80–87PubMedCrossRef

27.

Maier A, Domej W, Anegg U et al (2000) Computed tomography or ultrasonically guided pigtail catheter drainage in multiloculated pleural empyema: a recommended procedure. Respirology 5:119–124PubMedCrossRef

28.

Müller NL (1993) Imaging of the pleura. Radiology 186:297–309PubMed

Titel: Imaging of parapneumonic pleural effusions and empyema in children
verfasst von: Alistair Calder
Catherine M. Owens
Publikationsdatum: 01.06.2009
Verlag: Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in: Pediatric Radiology / Ausgabe 6/2009
Print ISSN: 0301-0449
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1998
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-008-1133-1

Update Radiologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.

Newsletter bestellen

Die Highlights vom Kongress des American College of Cardiology 2024

Springer Medizin

Imaging of parapneumonic pleural effusions and empyema in children

Abstract

Neu im Fachgebiet Radiologie

„Übersichtlicher Wegweiser“: Lauterbachs umstrittener Klinik-Atlas ist online

Klinikreform soll zehntausende Menschenleben retten

Darf man die Behandlung eines Neonazis ablehnen?

Ein Drittel der jungen Ärztinnen und Ärzte erwägt abzuwandern

Update Radiologie

Die Highlights vom Kongress des American College of Cardiology 2024

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 6/2009

Non-infective pulmonary disease in HIV-positive children

Radiology services for children in HIV- and TB-endemic regions: scope for greater collaboration between radiologists and clinicians caring for children

Clinical application of automated Greulich-Pyle bone age determination in children with short stature

Hermes

Exposure

Central nervous system manifestations of HIV infection in children

Neu im Fachgebiet Radiologie

„Übersichtlicher Wegweiser“: Lauterbachs umstrittener Klinik-Atlas ist online

Klinikreform soll zehntausende Menschenleben retten

Darf man die Behandlung eines Neonazis ablehnen?

Ein Drittel der jungen Ärztinnen und Ärzte erwägt abzuwandern

Update Radiologie