Skip to main content
Erschienen in: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 1/2013

01.07.2013 | Review Article

Imaging evaluation of prostate cancer with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT: utility and limitations

verfasst von: Hossein Jadvar

Erschienen in: European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging | Sonderheft 1/2013

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Prostate cancer is a major public health problem in developed countries. The remarkable biological and clinical heterogeneity of prostate cancer provides unique opportunities as well as challenges for the diagnostic imaging evaluation of this prevalent disease. The disease is characterized by a natural history that ranges from localized slowly growing hormone-dependent tumor progressing to metastatic hormone-refractory disease. PET is an ideal imaging tool for noninvasive interrogation of the underlying tumor biology. 18F-FDG is the most common PET radiotracer used for oncological applications based upon elevated glucose metabolism in malignant tissue in comparison to normal tissue. FDG uptake in prostate cancer depends on tumor differentiation with low accumulation in well-differentiated tumors and high uptake in aggressive poorly differentiated tumors. Cumulative current evidence suggests that FDG PET may be useful in detection of disease in a small fraction of patients with biochemical recurrence, in the imaging evaluation of extent and treatment response in metastatic disease and in prediction of patient outcome.
Literatur
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Center MM, Jemal A, Lortet-Tieulent J, Ward E, Ferlay J, Brawley O, et al. International variation in prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates. Eur Urol. 2012;61:1079–92.PubMedCrossRef Center MM, Jemal A, Lortet-Tieulent J, Ward E, Ferlay J, Brawley O, et al. International variation in prostate cancer incidence and mortality rates. Eur Urol. 2012;61:1079–92.PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Kessler B, Albertsen P. The natural history of prostate cancer. Urol Clin N Am. 2003;30:219–26.CrossRef Kessler B, Albertsen P. The natural history of prostate cancer. Urol Clin N Am. 2003;30:219–26.CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Fox JJ, Morris MJ, Larson SM, Schoder H, Scher HI. Developing imaging strategies for castration resistant prostate cancer. Acta Oncol. 2011;50 Suppl 1:39–48.PubMedCrossRef Fox JJ, Morris MJ, Larson SM, Schoder H, Scher HI. Developing imaging strategies for castration resistant prostate cancer. Acta Oncol. 2011;50 Suppl 1:39–48.PubMedCrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Marques RB, Erkens-Schulze S, de Ridder CM, Hermans KG, Waltering K, Visakorpi T, et al. Androgen receptor modifications in prostate cancer cells upon long-term androgen ablation and antiandrogen treatment. Int J Cancer. 2005;117:221–9.PubMedCrossRef Marques RB, Erkens-Schulze S, de Ridder CM, Hermans KG, Waltering K, Visakorpi T, et al. Androgen receptor modifications in prostate cancer cells upon long-term androgen ablation and antiandrogen treatment. Int J Cancer. 2005;117:221–9.PubMedCrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Scher HI, Halabi S, Tannock I, Morris M, Sternberg CN, Carducci MA, et al. Design and end points of clinical trials for patients with progressive prostate cancer and castrate levels of testosterone: recommendations of the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:1148–59.PubMedCrossRef Scher HI, Halabi S, Tannock I, Morris M, Sternberg CN, Carducci MA, et al. Design and end points of clinical trials for patients with progressive prostate cancer and castrate levels of testosterone: recommendations of the Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials Working Group. J Clin Oncol. 2008;26:1148–59.PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Apolo AB, Pandit-Taskar N, Morris MJ. Novel tracers and their development for the imaging of metastatic prostate cancer. J Nucl Med. 2008;49:2031–41.PubMedCrossRef Apolo AB, Pandit-Taskar N, Morris MJ. Novel tracers and their development for the imaging of metastatic prostate cancer. J Nucl Med. 2008;49:2031–41.PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Jadvar H. Molecular imaging of prostate cancer: PET radiotracers. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012;199:278–91.PubMedCrossRef Jadvar H. Molecular imaging of prostate cancer: PET radiotracers. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 2012;199:278–91.PubMedCrossRef
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Macheda ML, Rogers S, Bets JD. Molecular and cellular regulation of glucose transport (GLUT) proteins in cancer. J Cell Physiol. 2005;202:654–62.PubMedCrossRef Macheda ML, Rogers S, Bets JD. Molecular and cellular regulation of glucose transport (GLUT) proteins in cancer. J Cell Physiol. 2005;202:654–62.PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Smith TA. Mammalian hexokinases and their abnormal expression in cancer. Br J Biomed Sci. 2000;57:170–8.PubMed Smith TA. Mammalian hexokinases and their abnormal expression in cancer. Br J Biomed Sci. 2000;57:170–8.PubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Effert P, Beniers AJ, Tamimi Y, Handt S, Jakse G. Expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) in cell lines and clinical specimen from human prostate adenocarcinoma. Anticancer Res. 2004;24:3057–63.PubMed Effert P, Beniers AJ, Tamimi Y, Handt S, Jakse G. Expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1) in cell lines and clinical specimen from human prostate adenocarcinoma. Anticancer Res. 2004;24:3057–63.PubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Stewardt GD, Gray K, Pennington CJ, Edwards DR, Riddick AC, Ross JA, et al. Analysis of hypoxia-associated gene expression in prostate cancer: lysyl oxidase and glucose transporter 1 expression correlate with Gleason score. Oncol Rep. 2008;20:1561–7. Stewardt GD, Gray K, Pennington CJ, Edwards DR, Riddick AC, Ross JA, et al. Analysis of hypoxia-associated gene expression in prostate cancer: lysyl oxidase and glucose transporter 1 expression correlate with Gleason score. Oncol Rep. 2008;20:1561–7.
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Jadvar H, Li X, Shahinian A, Park R, Tohme M, Pinski J, et al. Glucose metabolism of human prostate cancer mouse xenografts. Mol Imaging. 2005;4:91–7.PubMed Jadvar H, Li X, Shahinian A, Park R, Tohme M, Pinski J, et al. Glucose metabolism of human prostate cancer mouse xenografts. Mol Imaging. 2005;4:91–7.PubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Emonds KM, Swinnen JV, van Weerden WM, Vanderhoydonc F, Nuyts J, Mortelmans L, et al. Do androgens control the uptake of 18F-FDG, 11C-choline and 11C-acetate in human prostate cancer cell lines? Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2011;38:1842–53.PubMedCrossRef Emonds KM, Swinnen JV, van Weerden WM, Vanderhoydonc F, Nuyts J, Mortelmans L, et al. Do androgens control the uptake of 18F-FDG, 11C-choline and 11C-acetate in human prostate cancer cell lines? Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging. 2011;38:1842–53.PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Clavo AC, Brown RS, Wahl RL. Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in human cancer cell lines is increased by hypoxia. J Nucl Med. 1995;36:1625–32.PubMed Clavo AC, Brown RS, Wahl RL. Fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in human cancer cell lines is increased by hypoxia. J Nucl Med. 1995;36:1625–32.PubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Moon JS, Jin WJ, Kwak JH, Kim HJ, Yun MJ, Kim JW, et al. Androgen stimulates glycolysis for de novo lipid synthesis by increasing activities of hexokinase 2 and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 2 in prostate cancer cells. Biochem J. 2011;433:225–33.PubMedCrossRef Moon JS, Jin WJ, Kwak JH, Kim HJ, Yun MJ, Kim JW, et al. Androgen stimulates glycolysis for de novo lipid synthesis by increasing activities of hexokinase 2 and 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-biphosphatase 2 in prostate cancer cells. Biochem J. 2011;433:225–33.PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Kukuk D, Reischl G, Raguin O, Wiehr S, Judenhofer MS, Calaminus C, et al. Assessment of PET tracer uptake in hormone-independent and hormone-dependent xenograft prostate cancer mouse models. J Nucl Med. 2011;52:1654–63.PubMedCrossRef Kukuk D, Reischl G, Raguin O, Wiehr S, Judenhofer MS, Calaminus C, et al. Assessment of PET tracer uptake in hormone-independent and hormone-dependent xenograft prostate cancer mouse models. J Nucl Med. 2011;52:1654–63.PubMedCrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Salminen E, Hogg A, Binns D, Frydenberg M, Hicks R. Investigations with FDG PET scanning in prostate cancer show limited value for clinical practice. Acta Oncol. 2002;41:425–9.PubMedCrossRef Salminen E, Hogg A, Binns D, Frydenberg M, Hicks R. Investigations with FDG PET scanning in prostate cancer show limited value for clinical practice. Acta Oncol. 2002;41:425–9.PubMedCrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Jadvar H. Molecular imaging of prostate cancer with [F-18]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET. Nat Rev Urol. 2009;6:317–23.PubMedCrossRef Jadvar H. Molecular imaging of prostate cancer with [F-18]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET. Nat Rev Urol. 2009;6:317–23.PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Jadvar H, Ye W, Groshen S, Conti PS. [F-18]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT of the normal prostate gland. Ann Nucl Med. 2008;22:787–93.PubMedCrossRef Jadvar H, Ye W, Groshen S, Conti PS. [F-18]-fluorodeoxyglucose PET-CT of the normal prostate gland. Ann Nucl Med. 2008;22:787–93.PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Minamimoto R, Uemura H, Sano F, Terao H, Nagashima Y, Yamanaka S, et al. The potential of FDG PET/CT for detecting prostate cancer in patients with an elevated serum PSA level. Ann Nucl Med. 2011;25:21–7.PubMedCrossRef Minamimoto R, Uemura H, Sano F, Terao H, Nagashima Y, Yamanaka S, et al. The potential of FDG PET/CT for detecting prostate cancer in patients with an elevated serum PSA level. Ann Nucl Med. 2011;25:21–7.PubMedCrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Minamimoto R, Senda M, Jinnouchi S, Terauchi T, Yoshida T, Murano T, et al. The current status of an FDG-PET cancer screening program in Japan based on a 4-year (2006–2009) nationwide survey. Ann Nucl Med. 2013;27:46–57.PubMedCrossRef Minamimoto R, Senda M, Jinnouchi S, Terauchi T, Yoshida T, Murano T, et al. The current status of an FDG-PET cancer screening program in Japan based on a 4-year (2006–2009) nationwide survey. Ann Nucl Med. 2013;27:46–57.PubMedCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Watanabe H, Kanematsu M, Kondo H, Kako N, Yamamoto N, Yamada T, et al. Preoperative detection of prostate cancer: a comparison with 11C-choline PET, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET, and MR imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2010;31:1151–6.PubMedCrossRef Watanabe H, Kanematsu M, Kondo H, Kako N, Yamamoto N, Yamada T, et al. Preoperative detection of prostate cancer: a comparison with 11C-choline PET, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET, and MR imaging. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2010;31:1151–6.PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Hwang I, Chong A, Jung SI, Hwang EC, Kim SO, Kang TW, et al. Is further evaluation needed for incidental focal uptake in the prostate in 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography images? Ann Nucl Med. 2012. doi:10.1007/s12149-012-0663-7. Hwang I, Chong A, Jung SI, Hwang EC, Kim SO, Kang TW, et al. Is further evaluation needed for incidental focal uptake in the prostate in 18-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography-computed tomography images? Ann Nucl Med. 2012. doi:10.​1007/​s12149-012-0663-7.
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Hillner BE, Siegel BA, Shields AF, Liu D, Gareen IF, Hunt E, et al. Relationship between cancer type and impact of PET and PET/CT on intended management: findings of the National Oncologic PET Registry. J Nucl Med. 2008;49:1928–35.PubMedCrossRef Hillner BE, Siegel BA, Shields AF, Liu D, Gareen IF, Hunt E, et al. Relationship between cancer type and impact of PET and PET/CT on intended management: findings of the National Oncologic PET Registry. J Nucl Med. 2008;49:1928–35.PubMedCrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Liu IJ, Zafar MB, Lai YH, Segall GM, Terris MK. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography studies in diagnosis and staging of clinically organ-confined prostate cancer. Urology. 2001;57:108–11.PubMedCrossRef Liu IJ, Zafar MB, Lai YH, Segall GM, Terris MK. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography studies in diagnosis and staging of clinically organ-confined prostate cancer. Urology. 2001;57:108–11.PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Kao PF, Chou YH, Lai CW. Diffuse FDG uptake in acute prostatitis. Clin Nucl Med. 2008;33:308–10.PubMedCrossRef Kao PF, Chou YH, Lai CW. Diffuse FDG uptake in acute prostatitis. Clin Nucl Med. 2008;33:308–10.PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Oyama N, Akino H, Suzuki Y, Kanamaru H, Sadato N, Yonekura Y, et al. The increased accumulation of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose in untreated prostate cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 1999;29:623–9.PubMedCrossRef Oyama N, Akino H, Suzuki Y, Kanamaru H, Sadato N, Yonekura Y, et al. The increased accumulation of [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose in untreated prostate cancer. Jpn J Clin Oncol. 1999;29:623–9.PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Cookson MS, Aus G, Burnett AL, Canby-Hagino ED, D’Amico AV, Dmochowski RR, et al. Variation in the definition of biochemical recurrence in patients treated for localized prostate cancer: the American Urological Association prostate guidelines for localized prostate cancer update panel report and recommendations for a standard in the reporting of surgical outcomes. J Urol. 2007;177:540–5.PubMedCrossRef Cookson MS, Aus G, Burnett AL, Canby-Hagino ED, D’Amico AV, Dmochowski RR, et al. Variation in the definition of biochemical recurrence in patients treated for localized prostate cancer: the American Urological Association prostate guidelines for localized prostate cancer update panel report and recommendations for a standard in the reporting of surgical outcomes. J Urol. 2007;177:540–5.PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Roach III M, Hanks G, Thames Jr H, Schellhammer P, Shipley WU, Sokol GH, et al. Defining biochemical failure following radiotherapy with or without hormonal therapy in men with clinically localized prostate cancer: recommendations of the RTOG-ASTRO Phoenix consensus conference. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;65:965–74.PubMedCrossRef Roach III M, Hanks G, Thames Jr H, Schellhammer P, Shipley WU, Sokol GH, et al. Defining biochemical failure following radiotherapy with or without hormonal therapy in men with clinically localized prostate cancer: recommendations of the RTOG-ASTRO Phoenix consensus conference. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys. 2006;65:965–74.PubMedCrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Picchio M, Briganti A, Fanti S, Heidenreich A, Krause BJ, Messa C, et al. The role of choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the management of patients with prostate-specific antigen progression after radical treatment of prostate cancer. Eur Radiol. 2011;59:51–60. Picchio M, Briganti A, Fanti S, Heidenreich A, Krause BJ, Messa C, et al. The role of choline positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the management of patients with prostate-specific antigen progression after radical treatment of prostate cancer. Eur Radiol. 2011;59:51–60.
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Chang CH, Wu HC, Tsai JJ, Shen YY, Changlai SP, Kao A. Detecting metastatic pelvic lymph nodes by (18)F-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in patients with prostate-specific antigen relapse after treatment for localized prostate cancer. Urol Int. 2003;70:311–5.PubMedCrossRef Chang CH, Wu HC, Tsai JJ, Shen YY, Changlai SP, Kao A. Detecting metastatic pelvic lymph nodes by (18)F-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography in patients with prostate-specific antigen relapse after treatment for localized prostate cancer. Urol Int. 2003;70:311–5.PubMedCrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Schöder H, Herrmann K, Gönen M, Hricak H, Eberhard S, Scardino P, et al. 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography for detection of disease in patients with prostate-specific antigen relapse after radical prostatectomy. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11:4761–9.PubMedCrossRef Schöder H, Herrmann K, Gönen M, Hricak H, Eberhard S, Scardino P, et al. 2-[18F]fluoro-2-deoxyglucose positron emission tomography for detection of disease in patients with prostate-specific antigen relapse after radical prostatectomy. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11:4761–9.PubMedCrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Seltzer MA, Barbaric Z, Belldegrun A, Naitoh J, Dorey F, Phelps ME, et al. Comparison of helical computerized tomography, positron emission tomography and monoclonal antibody scans for evaluation of lymph node metastases in patients with prostate specific antigen relapse after treatment for localized prostate cancer. J Urol. 1999;162:1322–8.PubMedCrossRef Seltzer MA, Barbaric Z, Belldegrun A, Naitoh J, Dorey F, Phelps ME, et al. Comparison of helical computerized tomography, positron emission tomography and monoclonal antibody scans for evaluation of lymph node metastases in patients with prostate specific antigen relapse after treatment for localized prostate cancer. J Urol. 1999;162:1322–8.PubMedCrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Jadvar H, Desai B, Ji L, Conti PS. Prospective evaluation of 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG PET/CT in detection of occult metastatic disease in biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. Clin Nucl Med. 2012;37:637–43.PubMedCrossRef Jadvar H, Desai B, Ji L, Conti PS. Prospective evaluation of 18F-NaF and 18F-FDG PET/CT in detection of occult metastatic disease in biochemical recurrence of prostate cancer. Clin Nucl Med. 2012;37:637–43.PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Oyama N, Akino H, Suzuki Y, Kanamaru H, Ishida H, Tanase K, et al. FDG PET for evaluating the change of glucose metabolism in prostate cancer after androgen ablation. Nucl Med Commun. 2001;22:963–9.PubMedCrossRef Oyama N, Akino H, Suzuki Y, Kanamaru H, Ishida H, Tanase K, et al. FDG PET for evaluating the change of glucose metabolism in prostate cancer after androgen ablation. Nucl Med Commun. 2001;22:963–9.PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Haberkorn U, Bellemann ME, Altmann A, Gerlach L, Morr I, Oberdorfer F, et al. PET 2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose uptake in rat prostate adenocarcinoma during chemotherapy with gemcitabine. J Nucl Med. 1997;38:1215–21.PubMed Haberkorn U, Bellemann ME, Altmann A, Gerlach L, Morr I, Oberdorfer F, et al. PET 2-fluoro-2-deoxyglucose uptake in rat prostate adenocarcinoma during chemotherapy with gemcitabine. J Nucl Med. 1997;38:1215–21.PubMed
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Jadvar H, Desai B, Quinn D, Dorff T, Pinski J, Conti P, et al. Treatment response assessment of metastatic prostate cancer with FDG PET/CT. J Nucl Med. 2011;52 Suppl 1:1908. Jadvar H, Desai B, Quinn D, Dorff T, Pinski J, Conti P, et al. Treatment response assessment of metastatic prostate cancer with FDG PET/CT. J Nucl Med. 2011;52 Suppl 1:1908.
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Bubley GJ, Carducci M, Dahut W, Dawson N, Daliani D, Eisenberger M, et al. Eligibility and response guidelines for phase II clinical trials in androgen-independent prostate cancer: recommendations from the PSA Working Group. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:1–7. Bubley GJ, Carducci M, Dahut W, Dawson N, Daliani D, Eisenberger M, et al. Eligibility and response guidelines for phase II clinical trials in androgen-independent prostate cancer: recommendations from the PSA Working Group. J Clin Oncol. 1999;17:1–7.
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Oyama N, Akino H, Suzuki Y, Kanamaru H, Miwa Y, Tsuka H, et al. Prognostic value of 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography imaging for patients with prostate cancer. Mol Imaging Biol. 2002;4:99–104.PubMedCrossRef Oyama N, Akino H, Suzuki Y, Kanamaru H, Miwa Y, Tsuka H, et al. Prognostic value of 2-deoxy-2-[F-18]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography imaging for patients with prostate cancer. Mol Imaging Biol. 2002;4:99–104.PubMedCrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Morris MJ, Akhurst T, Larson SM, Ditullio M, Chu E, Siedlecki K, et al. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography as an outcome measure for castrate metastatic prostate cancer treated with antimicrotubule chemotherapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11:3210–6.PubMedCrossRef Morris MJ, Akhurst T, Larson SM, Ditullio M, Chu E, Siedlecki K, et al. Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography as an outcome measure for castrate metastatic prostate cancer treated with antimicrotubule chemotherapy. Clin Cancer Res. 2005;11:3210–6.PubMedCrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Meirelles GS, Schoder H, Ravizzini GC, Gönen M, Fox JJ, Humm J, et al. Prognostic value of baseline [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and 99mTc-MDP bone scan in progressing prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2010;16:6093–9.PubMedCrossRef Meirelles GS, Schoder H, Ravizzini GC, Gönen M, Fox JJ, Humm J, et al. Prognostic value of baseline [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography and 99mTc-MDP bone scan in progressing prostate cancer. Clin Cancer Res. 2010;16:6093–9.PubMedCrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Imbriaco M, Larson SM, Yeung HW, Mawlawi OR, Erdi Y, Venkatraman ES, et al. A new parameter for measuring metastatic bone involvement by prostate cancer: the bone scan index. Clin Cancer Res. 1998;4:1765–72.PubMed Imbriaco M, Larson SM, Yeung HW, Mawlawi OR, Erdi Y, Venkatraman ES, et al. A new parameter for measuring metastatic bone involvement by prostate cancer: the bone scan index. Clin Cancer Res. 1998;4:1765–72.PubMed
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Jadvar H, Desai B, Ji L, Conti P, Dorff T, Pinski J, et al. Prognostic utility of FDG PET/CT in men with castrate-resistant metastatic prostate cancer. J Nucl Med. 2012;53 Suppl 1:116. Jadvar H, Desai B, Ji L, Conti P, Dorff T, Pinski J, et al. Prognostic utility of FDG PET/CT in men with castrate-resistant metastatic prostate cancer. J Nucl Med. 2012;53 Suppl 1:116.
Metadaten
Titel
Imaging evaluation of prostate cancer with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose PET/CT: utility and limitations
verfasst von
Hossein Jadvar
Publikationsdatum
01.07.2013
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging / Ausgabe Sonderheft 1/2013
Print ISSN: 1619-7070
Elektronische ISSN: 1619-7089
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00259-013-2361-7

Weitere Artikel der Sonderheft 1/2013

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging 1/2013 Zur Ausgabe