Introduction
Materials and methods
Statistical analysis
Results
Features | Overall (n = 576, %) | Features | Overall (n = 576) |
---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 72.0 (64.0, 79.0) | Estimated blood loss (ml) | 170.0 (100.0, 270.0) |
Male | 409 (71.0%) | Operation time (min) | 210.0 (180.0, 255.0) |
BMI (kg/m2) | 26.2 (24.0, 29.0) | Transfusion | 51 (8.9%) |
BMI category | Intraoperative complications | 35 (6.1%) | |
Normal | 163 (35.4%) | Muscle invasive-UTUC | 269 (50.8%) |
Overweight | 88 (19.1%) | pN-stage | |
Obese | 209 (45.4%) | pN0 | 171 (29.7%) |
Smoking history | pN1 | 38 (6.6%) | |
Former | 154 (31.2%) | pN2 | 41 (7.1%) |
No | 210 (42.5%) | pNx | 326 (56.6%) |
Yes | 130 (26.3%) | Tumor grade | |
ASA score > 2 | 213 (43.8%) | Low grade | 436 (75.7%) |
ECOG score 0–1 | 354 (83.1%) | High grade | 75 (13.0%) |
Hydronephrosis | 224 (46.4%) | Unknown | 65 (11.3%) |
CAD | 101 (20.4%) | Positive surgical margin | 24 (4.6%) |
Hypertension | 316 (60.3%) | Main postoperative laboratory | |
Hyperlipidemia | 199 (38.7%) | I POD HGB (g/dl) | 11.2 (10.2, 12.4) |
Diabetes | 111 (20.4%) | I POD eGFR (ml/min) | 48.2 (37.6, 59.0) |
Antiplatelet Therapy | 121 (24.2%) | eGFR at discharge (ml/min) | 50.5 (38.1, 63.0) |
Anticoagulant | 62 (12.1%) | eGFR at 6 months (ml/min) | 49.8 (37.8, 62.2) |
Antidiabetic drugs | 106 (20.2%) | eGFR at 12 months (ml/min) | 48.8 (37.8, 64.3) |
Preoperative HGB (g/dL) | 13.0 (11.3, 14.2) | I POD AKI | 239 (41.5%) |
Preoperative Albumin (g/dL) | 4.2 (3.8, 33.2) | eGFR < 60 ml/min at 6 months | 409 (71.0%) |
Preoperative eGFR (ml/min) | 62.2 (48.1, 79.9) | eGFR < 60 ml/min at 12 months | 403 (70.0%) |
6 months 2GFR < 60 ml/min | 12 months eGFR z60 ml/min | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Univariable analysis Odds ratio (95% CI, p value) | Multivariable analysis Odds ratio (95% CI, p value) | Univariable analysis Odds ratio (95% CI, p value) | Multivariable analysis Odds ratio (95% CI, p value) | |
Age | 1.08 (1.06–1.10, p < 0.001) | 1.05 (1.03–1.08, p < 0.001) | 1.09 (1.06–1.11, p < 0.001) | 1.06 (1.03–1.09, p < 0.001) |
Gender (male vs. female) | 0.56 (0.36–0.84, p = 0.007) | 0.44 (0.25–0.75, p = 0.003) | 0.71 (0.47–1.06, p = 0.103) | 0.62 (0.35–1.06, p = 0.083) |
BMI | – | |||
Overweight vs. normal | 1.25 (0.71–2.26, p = 0.450) | – | 0.95 (0.54–1.67, p = 0.852) | – |
Obese vs. normal | 0.94 (0.60–1.46, p = 0.776) | – | 0.86 (0.55–1.33, p = 0.501) | – |
ASA score (> 2 vs. ≤ 2) | 2.21 (1.47–3.38, p < 0.001) | – | 1.73 (1.17–2.59, p = 0.007) | – |
Hydronephrosis (yes vs. no) | 1.22 (0.82–1.82, p = 0.322) | – | 1.22 (0.83–1.81, p = 0.314) | – |
CAD | 1.70 (1.02–2.94, p = 0.047) | – | 2.51 (1.46–4.53, p = 0.001) | 2.68 (1.34–5.61, p = 0.007) |
Hypertension | 1.69 (1.16–2.48, p = 0.007) | – | 1.18 (0.81–1.72, p = 0.384) | – |
Hyperlipidemia | 0.99 (0.68–1.47, p = 0.976) | 0.73 (0.45–1.17, p = 0.191) | 0.86 (0.59–1.27, p = 0.453) | 0.40 (0.23–0.68, p = 0.001) |
Diabetes | 1.76 (1.08–2.96, p = 0.028) | 1.49 (0.82–2.77, p = 0.200) | 1.15 (0.73–1.84, p = 0.559) | – |
pT-stage (NMI vs. MI) | 0.89 (0.61–1.30, p = 0.546) | – | 1.09 (0.75–1.58, p = 0.660) | 1.67 (1.02–2.76, p = 0.044) |
pN-stage | ||||
pN1 vs. pN0 | 1.41 (0.64–3.34, p = 0.411) | 2.49 (0.91–7.33, p = 0.085) | 1.00 (0.48–2.19, p = 0.997) | 1.53 (0.54–4.43, p = 0.424) |
pN2 vs. pN0 | 0.94 (0.46–2.01, p = 0.871) | 1.02 (0.41–2.65, p = 0.972) | 0.80 (0.40–1.66, p = 0.539) | 0.77 (0.31–1.92, p = 0.566) |
Tumor grade | ||||
Low grade vs. High | 0.53 (0.28–0.95, p = 0.042) | 0.66 (0.29–1.41, p = 0.302) | 0.40 (0.20–0.74, p = 0.005) | 0.71 (0.30–1.57, p = 0.414) |
AKI POD-1 | 1.55 (1.07–2.26, p = 0.022) | 2.88 (1.78–4.73, p < 0.001) | 1.26 (0.88–1.82, p = 0.211) | 1.83 (1.10–3.08, p = 0.020) |
eGFR < 60 ml/min preoperatively | 6.90 (4.47–10.94, p < 0.001) | 7.58 (4.46–13.29, p < 0.001) | 7.09 (4.62–11.19, p < 0.001) | 7.80 (4.47–14.12, p < 0.001) |
Variables | Median ∆eGFR (IQR) | p values | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Time 1 | Time 2 | Time 3 | Covariates | Time | Interaction | |
Age | 0.009 | < 0.001 | 0.019 | |||
< 75 years | – 10.7 (– 28.7, – 2.8) | 1.4 (– 6.8, 9.9) | 1.0 (– 3.8, 5.5) | |||
≥ 75 years | – 9.2 (– 23.1, – 1.5) | 1.3 (– 5.7, 8.4) | 0.6 (– 3.4, 4.4) | |||
Gender | 0.083 | < 0.001 | 0.072 | |||
Female | – 9.0 (– 23.6, – 1.0) | – 0.4 (– 7.4, 7.1) | 0.8 (– 2.8, 4.7) | |||
Male | – 10.5 (– 26.8, – 2.8) | 2.2 (– 5.9, 10.1) | 1.0 (– 3.8, 5.3) | |||
BMI | 0.502 | < 0.001 | 0.455 | |||
Normal | – 11.6 (– 26.8, – 2.5) | 0.0 (– 7.4, 10.1) | 0.0 (– 5.1, 4.4) | |||
Overweight | – 10.7 (– 27.8, – 2.8) | 3.1 (– 6.6, 10.1) | 1.6 (– 3.6, 5.4) | |||
Obese | – 8.7 (– 24.2, – 2.5) | 4.1 (– 2.2, 8.4) | 1.0 (– 2.7, 5.5) | |||
ECOG-PS | 0.013 | < 0.001 | 0.174 | |||
≤ 1 | – 10.7 (– 26.4, – 2.8) | 1.7 (– 5.4, 9.6) | 1.4 (– 3.4, 5.1) | |||
> 1 | – 5.6 (– 18.4, 0.1) | 5.1 (– 0.7, 11.7) | 1.0 (– 3.2, 5.7) | |||
ASA score | 0.052 | < 0.001 | 0.129 | |||
≤ 2 | – 10.7 (– 28.3, – 3.1) | 3.3 (– 4.9, 11.3) | 1.0 (– 3.7, 5.1) | |||
> 2 | – 8.5 (– 23.2, – 0.4) | 0.5 (– 7.2, 7.6) | 1.0 (– 3.1, 5.3) | |||
Hydronephrosis | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||
No | – 15.6 (– 29.5, – 4.2) | 1.9 (– 6.8, 10.7) | 1.7 (– 3.6, 5.2) | |||
Yes | – 5.5 (– 18.0, – 0.6) | 2.1 (– 4.8, 8.2) | 0.9 (– 2.7, 4.9) | |||
CAD | 0.713 | < 0.001 | 0.735 | |||
No | – 10.0 (– 26.1, – 2.3) | 1.3 (– 6.0, 9.6) | 0.9 (– 3.2, 5.2) | |||
Yes | – 10.8 (– 24.1, – 2.8) | 2.8 (– 6.6, 7.3) | 0.0 (– 4.9, 4.2) | |||
AKI | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | < 0.001 | |||
No | – 3.2 (– 8.4, 1.8) | – 1.1 (– 9.9, 5.9) | 0.5 (– 4.5, 4.6) | |||
Yes | – 29.3 (– 37.0, – 20.4) | 5.0 (– 0.5, 13.2) | 1.7 (– 3.0, 5.6) | |||
pT-stage | 0.001 | < 0.001 | 0.024 | |||
NMI-UTUC | – 12.8 (– 30.7, – 2.8) | 1.3 (– 6.6, 8.4) | 0.9 (– 4.0, 5.2) | |||
MI-UTUC | – 6.9 (– 22.1, – 1.9) | 1.9 (– 6.1, 10.6) | 1.1 (– 3.2, 4.9) | |||
pN-stage | 0.344 | < 0.001 | 0.427 | |||
pN0 | – 8.1 (– 23.5, 0.0) | 0.8 (– 7.4, 7.4) | 1.6 (– 2.7, 4.9) | |||
pN1 | – 4.7 (– 12.2, – 1.9) | 3.1 (– 5.0, 7.0) | 2.1 (– 1.0, 6.9) | |||
pN2 | – 10.4 (– 31.8, – 4.9) | 5.2 (– 2.8, 13.0) | 0.5 (– 2.7, 5.1) | |||
Tumor grade | 0.747 | < 0.001 | 0.361 | |||
High grade | – 9.6 (– 21.9, – 0.4) | – 2.0 (– 9.6, 5.1) | 0.0 (– 5.7, 4.2) | |||
Low grade | – 10.1 (– 26.1, – 2.6) | 3.0 (– 4.9, 10.3) | 1.2 (– 3.3, 5.3) | |||
Margin status | 0.020 | < 0.001 | 0.039 | |||
Negative | – 10.2 (– 26.2, – 2.6) | 1.9 (– 6.1, 9.4) | 1.0 (– 3.4, 5.2) | |||
Positive | – 2.7 (– 8.2, 2.8) | – 2.7 (– 6.8, 5.3) | 0.0 (– 3.0, 3.4) | |||
Complications | 0.993 | < 0.001 | 0.958 | |||
None | – 10.2 (– 25.7, – 2.3) | 1.4 (– 6.1, 9.0) | 0.9 (– 3.5, 5.0) | |||
At least one | – 10.6 (– 27.1, 0.4) | 0.0 (– 8.1, 10.1) | 0.9 (– 4.1, 5.9) |