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01.07.2015 | Original Article

Periosteal microcirculatory reactions in a zoledronate-induced osteonecrosis model of the jaw in rats

verfasst von: Ágnes Janovszky, Andrea Szabó, Renáta Varga, Dénes Garab, Mihály Boros, Csilla Mester, Nikolett Beretka, Tamás Zombori, Hans-Peter Wiesmann, Ricardo Bernhardt, Imre Ocsovszki, Péter Balázs, József Piffkó

Erschienen in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Ausgabe 6/2015

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Abstract

Objectives

Nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates induce osteonecrosis mostly in the jaw and less frequently in other bones. Because of the crucial role of periosteal perfusion in bone repair, we investigated zoledronate-induced microcirculatory reactions in the mandibular periosteum in comparison with those in the tibia in a clinically relevant model of bisphosphonate-induced medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ).

Materials and methods

Sprague–Dawley rats were treated with zoledronate (ZOL; 80 i.v. μg/kg/week over 8 weeks) or saline vehicle. The first two right mandibular molar teeth were extracted after 3 weeks. Various systemic and local (periosteal) microcirculatory inflammatory parameters were examined by intravital videomicroscopy after 9 weeks.

Results

Gingival healing disorders (∼100 %) and MRONJ developed in 70 % of ZOL-treated cases but not after saline (shown by micro-CT). ZOL induced significantly higher degrees of periosteal leukocyte rolling and adhesion in the mandibular postcapillary venules (at both extraction and intact sites) than at the tibia. Leukocyte NADPH-oxidase activity was reduced; leukocyte CD11b and plasma TNF-alpha levels were unchanged.

Conclusion

Chronic ZOL treatment causes a distinct microcirculatory inflammatory reaction in the mandibular periosteum but not in the tibia. The local reaction in the absence of augmented systemic leukocyte inflammatory activity suggests that topically different, endothelium-specific changes may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of MRONJ.

Clinical relevance

This model permits for the first time to explore the microvascular processes in the mandibular periosteum after chronic ZOL treatment. This approach may contribute to a better understanding of the pathomechanism and the development of strategies to counteract bisphosphonate-induced side effects.

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Titel: Periosteal microcirculatory reactions in a zoledronate-induced osteonecrosis model of the jaw in rats
verfasst von: Ágnes Janovszky
Andrea Szabó
Renáta Varga
Dénes Garab
Mihály Boros
Csilla Mester
Nikolett Beretka
Tamás Zombori
Hans-Peter Wiesmann
Ricardo Bernhardt
Imre Ocsovszki
Péter Balázs
József Piffkó
Publikationsdatum: 01.07.2015
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Clinical Oral Investigations / Ausgabe 6/2015
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-014-1347-6

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Periosteal microcirculatory reactions in a zoledronate-induced osteonecrosis model of the jaw in rats