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Journal of Endocrinological Investigation

Erschienen in:

01.04.2021 | Review

Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APECED) in the Indian population: case report and review of a series of 45 patients

verfasst von: A. Fierabracci, A. Arena, F. Toto, N. Gallo, A. Puel, M. Migaud, M. Kumar, K. G. Chengappa, R. Gulati, V. S. Negi, C. Betterle

Erschienen in: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation | Ausgabe 4/2021

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Abstract

Background

Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal-dystrophy (APECED) or autoimmune polyglandular syndrome type 1 (APS-1) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disease due to mutations in the AIRE (AutoImmune REgulator) gene. The clinical diagnosis is classically based on the presence of at least two of the three main components: chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis, hypoparathyroidism and primary adrenal insufficiency. Patients often suffer from other endocrine or non-endocrine autoimmune conditions throughout life. APECED etiopathogenesis is mediated by T lymphocytes. Autoantibodies against proteins of the affected organs are found in the serum of APECED patients as well as neutralizing antibodies against cytokines. We report here the clinical and genetic characteristics of 45 Indian APECED patients in comparison to Finnish, Sardinian, Turkish and North/South American cohorts from their published results. We also report a new case of APECED of Indian origin, a 2-year old child suffering from chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis since the age of 8 months, with confirmatory AIRE homozygous mutation c.274C > T (p.R92W).

Conclusion

With the inherent limitations of a retrospective study, analysis of Indian APECED patients suggested that compared to classic criteria, application of Ferre/Lionakis criteria validated in North/South American patients could help in earlier diagnosis in 3 of 8 (37.5%) patients for whom adequate information for evaluation was available.

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Titel: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1 (APECED) in the Indian population: case report and review of a series of 45 patients
verfasst von: A. Fierabracci
A. Arena
F. Toto
N. Gallo
A. Puel
M. Migaud
M. Kumar
K. G. Chengappa
R. Gulati
V. S. Negi
C. Betterle
Publikationsdatum: 01.04.2021
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Erschienen in: Journal of Endocrinological Investigation / Ausgabe 4/2021
Elektronische ISSN: 1720-8386
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-020-01376-5

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