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Erschienen in: Der Internist 5/2019

06.03.2019 | Lupusnephritis | Schwerpunkt: Nephritiden

Lupusnephritis

verfasst von: Dr. med. J. Schreiber, Prof. Dr. med. U. Eisenberger, Prof. Dr. K. de Groot

Erschienen in: Die Innere Medizin | Ausgabe 5/2019

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Zusammenfassung

Die Lupusnephritis (LN) ist die häufigste und eine der schwerwiegendsten Organkomplikationen des systemischen Lupus erythematodes. Der zentrale pathogenetische Mechanismus ist der Verlust der Immuntoleranz für Autoantigene des Zellkerns, der über die Bildung von nukleären Autoantikörpern zur renalen Inflammation führen kann. Klinische Manifestationen sind das nephritische Syndrom mit der Sonderform der rapid-progressiven Glomerulonephritis, das nephrotische Syndrom sowie die thrombotische Mikroangiopathie. Die Diagnostik umfasst Nierenfunktions- und Urinanalysen sowie die Bestimmung von Autoantikörperprofilen und Komplementkomponenten. Die frühe Nierenbiopsie ermöglicht eine Unterscheidung der prognostisch unterschiedlichen Formen der LN. Neben supportiven Maßnahmen steht bei den prognostisch ungünstigen Formen eine differenzierte immunsuppressive Therapie im Vordergrund. Wichtige Bausteine sind Kortikosteroide, Cyclophosphamid oder Mycophenolatmofetil zur Induktionstherapie. Aktuell untersuchte Therapieprinzipien umfassen neue Calcineurininhibitoren und Anti-B-Zell-Therapien.
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Metadaten
Titel
Lupusnephritis
verfasst von
Dr. med. J. Schreiber
Prof. Dr. med. U. Eisenberger
Prof. Dr. K. de Groot
Publikationsdatum
06.03.2019
Verlag
Springer Medizin
Erschienen in
Die Innere Medizin / Ausgabe 5/2019
Print ISSN: 2731-7080
Elektronische ISSN: 2731-7099
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-019-0574-y

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