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01.01.2015 | Article

A priori-defined diet quality indexes and risk of type 2 diabetes: the Multiethnic Cohort

verfasst von: Simone Jacobs, Brook E. Harmon, Carol J. Boushey, Yukiko Morimoto, Lynne R. Wilkens, Loic Le Marchand, Janine Kröger, Matthias B. Schulze, Laurence N. Kolonel, Gertraud Maskarinec

Erschienen in: Diabetologia | Ausgabe 1/2015

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis

Dietary patterns have been associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes, but little is known about the impact of ethnicity on this relationship. This study evaluated the association between four a priori dietary quality indexes and risk of type 2 diabetes among white individuals, Japanese-Americans and Native Hawaiians in the Hawaii component of the Multiethnic Cohort.

Methods

After excluding participants with prevalent diabetes and missing values, the analysis included 89,185 participants (11,217 cases of type 2 diabetes). Dietary intake was assessed at baseline with a quantitative food frequency questionnaire designed for use in the relevant ethnic populations. Sex- and ethnicity-specific HRs were calculated for the Healthy Eating Index-2010 (HEI-2010), the Alternative HEI-2010 (AHEI-2010), the Alternate Mediterranean Diet Score (aMED) and the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH).

Results

We observed significant inverse associations between higher DASH index scores and risk of type 2 diabetes in white men and women, as well as in Japanese-American women and Native Hawaiian men, with respective risk reductions of 37%, 31%, 19% and 21% (in the highest compared with the lowest index category). A higher adherence to the AHEI-2010 and aMED diet was related to a 13–28% lower risk of type 2 diabetes in white participants but not in other ethnic groups. No significant associations with risk of type 2 diabetes were observed for the HEI-2010 index.

Conclusions/interpretation

The small ethnic differences in risk of type 2 diabetes associated with scores of a priori-defined dietary patterns may be due to a different consumption pattern of food components and the fact that the original indexes were not based on diets typical for Asians and Pacific Islanders.

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Titel: A priori-defined diet quality indexes and risk of type 2 diabetes: the Multiethnic Cohort
verfasst von: Simone Jacobs
Brook E. Harmon
Carol J. Boushey
Yukiko Morimoto
Lynne R. Wilkens
Loic Le Marchand
Janine Kröger
Matthias B. Schulze
Laurence N. Kolonel
Gertraud Maskarinec
Publikationsdatum: 01.01.2015
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Diabetologia / Ausgabe 1/2015
Print ISSN: 0012-186X
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-0428
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-014-3404-8

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Abstract

Aims/hypothesis

Methods

Results

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