Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Pediatric Radiology 11/2019

01.10.2019 | Pediatric oncologic imaging

Ovarian neoplasms of childhood

verfasst von: Shailee V. Lala, Naomi Strubel

Erschienen in: Pediatric Radiology | Ausgabe 11/2019

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Ovarian neoplasms are rare in children. Although usually asymptomatic, they sometimes present with abdominal pain, abdominal distension or palpable mass. The distribution of neoplasms in the pediatric population is different from in adults; benign mature cystic teratoma is the most common ovarian tumor in children. Radiologists should be familiar with the variable sonographic, CT and MRI findings of ovarian neoplasms. Although the less frequently encountered ovarian malignancies cannot be reliably distinguished by imaging alone, it does play an important role in workup. This review discusses the imaging and relevant clinical manifestations of the more commonly encountered pediatric ovarian neoplasms.
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Skinner MA, Schlatter MG, Heifetz SA et al (1993) Ovarian neoplasms in children. Arch Surg 128:849–853CrossRefPubMed Skinner MA, Schlatter MG, Heifetz SA et al (1993) Ovarian neoplasms in children. Arch Surg 128:849–853CrossRefPubMed
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Brookfield KF, Cheung MC, Koniaris LG et al (2009) A population-based analysis of 1,037 malignant ovarian tumors in the pediatric population. J Surg Res 156:45–49CrossRefPubMed Brookfield KF, Cheung MC, Koniaris LG et al (2009) A population-based analysis of 1,037 malignant ovarian tumors in the pediatric population. J Surg Res 156:45–49CrossRefPubMed
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Oltmann SC, Garcia N, Barber R et al (2010) Can we preoperatively risk stratify ovarian masses for malignancy? J Pediatr Surg 45:130–134CrossRefPubMed Oltmann SC, Garcia N, Barber R et al (2010) Can we preoperatively risk stratify ovarian masses for malignancy? J Pediatr Surg 45:130–134CrossRefPubMed
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Carcangiu ML (2014) WHO classification of tumours of female reproductive organs. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). United Nations, New York Carcangiu ML (2014) WHO classification of tumours of female reproductive organs. International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). United Nations, New York
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhang M, Jiang W, Li G et al (2014) Ovarian masses in children, and adolescents — an analysis of 521 clinical cases. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 27:e73–e77CrossRefPubMed Zhang M, Jiang W, Li G et al (2014) Ovarian masses in children, and adolescents — an analysis of 521 clinical cases. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 27:e73–e77CrossRefPubMed
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Deprest J, Moerman P, Corneillie P et al (1992) Ovarian borderline mucinous tumor in a premenarchal girl: review on ovarian epithelial cancer in young girls. Gynecol Oncol 45:219–224CrossRefPubMed Deprest J, Moerman P, Corneillie P et al (1992) Ovarian borderline mucinous tumor in a premenarchal girl: review on ovarian epithelial cancer in young girls. Gynecol Oncol 45:219–224CrossRefPubMed
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Norris HJ, Jensen RD (1972) Relative frequency of ovarian neoplasms in children and adolescents. Cancer 30:713–719CrossRefPubMed Norris HJ, Jensen RD (1972) Relative frequency of ovarian neoplasms in children and adolescents. Cancer 30:713–719CrossRefPubMed
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Goudie C, Witkowski L, Vairy S et al (2018) Pediatric ovarian tumors and their associated cancer susceptibility syndromes. J Med Genet 55:1–10CrossRefPubMed Goudie C, Witkowski L, Vairy S et al (2018) Pediatric ovarian tumors and their associated cancer susceptibility syndromes. J Med Genet 55:1–10CrossRefPubMed
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Schultz KAP, Harris AK, Finch M et al (2017) DICER1-related Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor and gynandroblastoma: clinical and genetic findings from the international ovarian and testicular stromal tumor registry. Gynecol Oncol 147:521–527CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Schultz KAP, Harris AK, Finch M et al (2017) DICER1-related Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor and gynandroblastoma: clinical and genetic findings from the international ovarian and testicular stromal tumor registry. Gynecol Oncol 147:521–527CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
10.
Zurück zum Zitat de Kock L, Terzic T, McCluggage WG et al (2017) DICER1 mutations are consistently present in moderately and poorly differentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors. Am J Surg Pathol 41:1178–1187CrossRefPubMed de Kock L, Terzic T, McCluggage WG et al (2017) DICER1 mutations are consistently present in moderately and poorly differentiated Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors. Am J Surg Pathol 41:1178–1187CrossRefPubMed
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Schultz KAP, Williams GM, Kamihara J et al (2018) DICER1 and associated conditions: identification of at-risk individuals and recommended surveillance strategies. Clin Cancer Res 24:2251–2261CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Schultz KAP, Williams GM, Kamihara J et al (2018) DICER1 and associated conditions: identification of at-risk individuals and recommended surveillance strategies. Clin Cancer Res 24:2251–2261CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Madenci AL, Levine BS, Laufer MR et al (2016) Preoperative risk stratification of children with ovarian tumors. J Pediatr Surg 51:1507–1512CrossRefPubMed Madenci AL, Levine BS, Laufer MR et al (2016) Preoperative risk stratification of children with ovarian tumors. J Pediatr Surg 51:1507–1512CrossRefPubMed
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Oltmann SC, Fischer A, Barber R et al (2010) Pediatric ovarian malignancy presenting as ovarian torsion: incidence and relevance. J Pediatr Surg 45:135–139CrossRefPubMed Oltmann SC, Fischer A, Barber R et al (2010) Pediatric ovarian malignancy presenting as ovarian torsion: incidence and relevance. J Pediatr Surg 45:135–139CrossRefPubMed
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Papic JC, Finnell SM, Slaven JE et al (2014) Predictors of ovarian malignancy in children: overcoming clinical barriers of ovarian preservation. J Pediatr Surg 49:144–147CrossRefPubMed Papic JC, Finnell SM, Slaven JE et al (2014) Predictors of ovarian malignancy in children: overcoming clinical barriers of ovarian preservation. J Pediatr Surg 49:144–147CrossRefPubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Young RH, Dickersin GR, Scully RE (1984) Juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. A clinicopathological analysis of 125 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 8:575–596CrossRefPubMed Young RH, Dickersin GR, Scully RE (1984) Juvenile granulosa cell tumor of the ovary. A clinicopathological analysis of 125 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 8:575–596CrossRefPubMed
16.
Zurück zum Zitat De Backer A, Madern GC, Oosterhuis JW et al (2006) Ovarian germ cell tumors in children: a clinical study of 66 patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 46:459–464CrossRefPubMed De Backer A, Madern GC, Oosterhuis JW et al (2006) Ovarian germ cell tumors in children: a clinical study of 66 patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer 46:459–464CrossRefPubMed
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Choong CS, Fuller PJ, Chu S et al (2002) Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the ovary, a rare cause of precocious puberty in a 12-month-old infant. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:49–56CrossRefPubMed Choong CS, Fuller PJ, Chu S et al (2002) Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor of the ovary, a rare cause of precocious puberty in a 12-month-old infant. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 87:49–56CrossRefPubMed
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Spinelli C, Pucci V, Buti I et al (2012) The role of tumor markers in the surgical approach of ovarian masses in pediatric age: a 10-year study and a literature review. Ann Surg Oncol 19:1766–1773CrossRefPubMed Spinelli C, Pucci V, Buti I et al (2012) The role of tumor markers in the surgical approach of ovarian masses in pediatric age: a 10-year study and a literature review. Ann Surg Oncol 19:1766–1773CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Stankovic ZB, Djukic MK, Savic D et al (2006) Pre-operative differentiation of pediatric ovarian tumors: morphological scoring system and tumor markers. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 19:1231–1238CrossRefPubMed Stankovic ZB, Djukic MK, Savic D et al (2006) Pre-operative differentiation of pediatric ovarian tumors: morphological scoring system and tumor markers. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 19:1231–1238CrossRefPubMed
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Comerci JT Jr, Licciardi F, Bergh PA et al (1994) Mature cystic teratoma: a clinicopathologic evaluation of 517 cases and review of the literature. Obstet Gynecol 84:22–28PubMed Comerci JT Jr, Licciardi F, Bergh PA et al (1994) Mature cystic teratoma: a clinicopathologic evaluation of 517 cases and review of the literature. Obstet Gynecol 84:22–28PubMed
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Patel MD, Feldstein VA, Lipson SD et al (1998) Cystic teratomas of the ovary: diagnostic value of sonography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 171:1061–1065CrossRefPubMed Patel MD, Feldstein VA, Lipson SD et al (1998) Cystic teratomas of the ovary: diagnostic value of sonography. AJR Am J Roentgenol 171:1061–1065CrossRefPubMed
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Sheth S, Fishman EK, Buck J et al (1988) The variable sonographic appearances of ovarian teratomas: correlation with CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 151:331–334CrossRefPubMed Sheth S, Fishman EK, Buck J et al (1988) The variable sonographic appearances of ovarian teratomas: correlation with CT. AJR Am J Roentgenol 151:331–334CrossRefPubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Malde HM, Kedar RP, Chadha D et al (1992) Dermoid mesh: a sonographic sign of ovarian teratoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 159:1349–1350CrossRefPubMed Malde HM, Kedar RP, Chadha D et al (1992) Dermoid mesh: a sonographic sign of ovarian teratoma. AJR Am J Roentgenol 159:1349–1350CrossRefPubMed
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Mais V, Guerriero S, Ajossa S et al (1995) Transvaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of cystic teratoma. Obstet Gynecol 85:48–52CrossRefPubMed Mais V, Guerriero S, Ajossa S et al (1995) Transvaginal ultrasonography in the diagnosis of cystic teratoma. Obstet Gynecol 85:48–52CrossRefPubMed
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Hertzberg BS, Kliewer MA (1996) Sonography of benign cystic teratoma of the ovary: pitfalls in diagnosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 167:1127–1133CrossRefPubMed Hertzberg BS, Kliewer MA (1996) Sonography of benign cystic teratoma of the ovary: pitfalls in diagnosis. AJR Am J Roentgenol 167:1127–1133CrossRefPubMed
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Buy JN, Ghossain MA, Moss AA et al (1989) Cystic teratoma of the ovary: CT detection. Radiology 171:697–701CrossRefPubMed Buy JN, Ghossain MA, Moss AA et al (1989) Cystic teratoma of the ovary: CT detection. Radiology 171:697–701CrossRefPubMed
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Peterson WF, Prevost EC, Edmunds FT et al (1995) Benign cystic teratomas of the ovary: a clinico-statistical study of 1,007 cases with a review of the literature. Am J Obstet Gynecol 70:368–382CrossRef Peterson WF, Prevost EC, Edmunds FT et al (1995) Benign cystic teratomas of the ovary: a clinico-statistical study of 1,007 cases with a review of the literature. Am J Obstet Gynecol 70:368–382CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Stern JL, Buscema J, Rosenshein NB et al (1981) Spontaneous rupture of benign cystic teratomas. Obstet Gynecol 57:363–366PubMed Stern JL, Buscema J, Rosenshein NB et al (1981) Spontaneous rupture of benign cystic teratomas. Obstet Gynecol 57:363–366PubMed
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Dalmau J, Gleichman AJ, Hughes EG et al (2008) Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis: case series and analysis of the effects of antibodies. Lancet Neurol 7:1091–1098CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Dalmau J, Gleichman AJ, Hughes EG et al (2008) Anti-NMDA-receptor encephalitis: case series and analysis of the effects of antibodies. Lancet Neurol 7:1091–1098CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Norris HJ, Zirkin HJ, Benson WL (1976) Immature (malignant) teratoma of the ovary: a clinical and pathologic study of 58 cases. Cancer 37:2359–2372CrossRefPubMed Norris HJ, Zirkin HJ, Benson WL (1976) Immature (malignant) teratoma of the ovary: a clinical and pathologic study of 58 cases. Cancer 37:2359–2372CrossRefPubMed
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Marina NM, Cushing B, Giller R et al (1999) Complete surgical excision is effective treatment for children with immature teratomas with or without malignant elements: a Pediatric Oncology Group/Children's Cancer Group intergroup study. J Clin Oncol 17:2137–2143CrossRefPubMed Marina NM, Cushing B, Giller R et al (1999) Complete surgical excision is effective treatment for children with immature teratomas with or without malignant elements: a Pediatric Oncology Group/Children's Cancer Group intergroup study. J Clin Oncol 17:2137–2143CrossRefPubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Pashankar F, Hale JP, Dang H et al (2016) Is adjuvant chemotherapy indicated in ovarian immature teratomas? A combined data analysis from the Malignant Germ Cell Tumor International Collaborative. Cancer 122:230–237 Pashankar F, Hale JP, Dang H et al (2016) Is adjuvant chemotherapy indicated in ovarian immature teratomas? A combined data analysis from the Malignant Germ Cell Tumor International Collaborative. Cancer 122:230–237
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Cushing B, Giller R, Ablin A et al (1999) Surgical resection alone is effective treatment for ovarian immature teratoma in children and adolescents: a report of the Pediatric Oncology Group and the Children's Cancer Group. Am J Obstet Gynecol 181:353–358CrossRefPubMed Cushing B, Giller R, Ablin A et al (1999) Surgical resection alone is effective treatment for ovarian immature teratoma in children and adolescents: a report of the Pediatric Oncology Group and the Children's Cancer Group. Am J Obstet Gynecol 181:353–358CrossRefPubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Heifetz SA, Cushing B, Giller R et al (1998) Immature teratomas in children: pathologic considerations: a report from the combined Pediatric Oncology Group/Children's Cancer Group. Am J Surg Pathol 22:1115–1124CrossRefPubMed Heifetz SA, Cushing B, Giller R et al (1998) Immature teratomas in children: pathologic considerations: a report from the combined Pediatric Oncology Group/Children's Cancer Group. Am J Surg Pathol 22:1115–1124CrossRefPubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Alotaibi MO, Navarro OM (2010) Imaging of ovarian teratomas in children: a 9-year review. Can Assoc Radiol J 61:23–28CrossRefPubMed Alotaibi MO, Navarro OM (2010) Imaging of ovarian teratomas in children: a 9-year review. Can Assoc Radiol J 61:23–28CrossRefPubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Yanai-Inbar I, Scully RE (1987) Relation of ovarian dermoid cysts and immature teratomas: an analysis of 350 cases of immature teratoma and 10 cases of dermoid cyst with microscopic foci of immature tissue. Int J Gynecol Pathol 6:203–212CrossRefPubMed Yanai-Inbar I, Scully RE (1987) Relation of ovarian dermoid cysts and immature teratomas: an analysis of 350 cases of immature teratoma and 10 cases of dermoid cyst with microscopic foci of immature tissue. Int J Gynecol Pathol 6:203–212CrossRefPubMed
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Liang L, Zhang Y, Malpica A et al (2015) Gliomatosis peritonei: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 21 cases. Mod Pathol 28:1613–1620CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Liang L, Zhang Y, Malpica A et al (2015) Gliomatosis peritonei: a clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical study of 21 cases. Mod Pathol 28:1613–1620CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Mann JR, Gray ES, Thornton C et al (2008) Mature and immature extracranial teratomas in children: the UK Children's Cancer Study Group experience. J Clin Oncol 26:3590–3597CrossRefPubMed Mann JR, Gray ES, Thornton C et al (2008) Mature and immature extracranial teratomas in children: the UK Children's Cancer Study Group experience. J Clin Oncol 26:3590–3597CrossRefPubMed
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Levy AD, Shaw JC, Sobin LH (2009) Secondary tumors and tumorlike lesions of the peritoneal cavity: imaging features with pathologic correlation. Radiographics 29:347–373CrossRefPubMed Levy AD, Shaw JC, Sobin LH (2009) Secondary tumors and tumorlike lesions of the peritoneal cavity: imaging features with pathologic correlation. Radiographics 29:347–373CrossRefPubMed
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Gordon A, Lipton D, Woodruff JD (1981) Dysgerminoma: a review of 158 cases from the Emil Novak Ovarian Tumor Registry. Obstet Gynecol 58:497–504PubMed Gordon A, Lipton D, Woodruff JD (1981) Dysgerminoma: a review of 158 cases from the Emil Novak Ovarian Tumor Registry. Obstet Gynecol 58:497–504PubMed
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Kawai M, Kano T, Kikkawa F et al (1992) Seven tumor markers in benign and malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary. Gynecol Oncol 45:248–253CrossRefPubMed Kawai M, Kano T, Kikkawa F et al (1992) Seven tumor markers in benign and malignant germ cell tumors of the ovary. Gynecol Oncol 45:248–253CrossRefPubMed
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Shaaban AM, Rezvani M, Elsayes KM et al (2014) Ovarian malignant germ cell tumors: cellular classification and clinical and imaging features. Radiographics 34:777–801CrossRefPubMed Shaaban AM, Rezvani M, Elsayes KM et al (2014) Ovarian malignant germ cell tumors: cellular classification and clinical and imaging features. Radiographics 34:777–801CrossRefPubMed
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Vicus D, Beiner ME, Klachook S et al (2010) Pure dysgerminoma of the ovary 35 years on: a single institutional experience. Gynecol Oncol 117:23–26CrossRefPubMed Vicus D, Beiner ME, Klachook S et al (2010) Pure dysgerminoma of the ovary 35 years on: a single institutional experience. Gynecol Oncol 117:23–26CrossRefPubMed
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Patterson DM, Murugaesu N, Holden L et al (2008) A review of the close surveillance policy for stage I female germ cell tumors of the ovary and other sites. Int J Gynecol Cancer 18:43–50CrossRefPubMed Patterson DM, Murugaesu N, Holden L et al (2008) A review of the close surveillance policy for stage I female germ cell tumors of the ovary and other sites. Int J Gynecol Cancer 18:43–50CrossRefPubMed
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Kim SH, Kang SB (1995) Ovarian dysgerminoma: color Doppler ultrasonographic findings and comparison with CT and MR imaging findings. J Ultrasound Med 14:843–848CrossRefPubMed Kim SH, Kang SB (1995) Ovarian dysgerminoma: color Doppler ultrasonographic findings and comparison with CT and MR imaging findings. J Ultrasound Med 14:843–848CrossRefPubMed
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Tanaka YO, Kurosaki Y, Nishida M et al (1994) Ovarian dysgerminoma: MR and CT appearance. J Comput Assist Tomogr 18:443–448 Tanaka YO, Kurosaki Y, Nishida M et al (1994) Ovarian dysgerminoma: MR and CT appearance. J Comput Assist Tomogr 18:443–448
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Roth LM, Cheng L (2018) Classical gonadoblastoma: its relationship to the 'dissecting' variant and undifferentiated gonadal tissue. Histopathology 72:545–555CrossRefPubMed Roth LM, Cheng L (2018) Classical gonadoblastoma: its relationship to the 'dissecting' variant and undifferentiated gonadal tissue. Histopathology 72:545–555CrossRefPubMed
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Patel PR, Pappas J, Arva NC et al (2013) Early presentation of bilateral gonadoblastomas in a Denys-Drash syndrome patient: a cautionary tale for prophylactic gonadectomy. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 26:971–974CrossRefPubMed Patel PR, Pappas J, Arva NC et al (2013) Early presentation of bilateral gonadoblastomas in a Denys-Drash syndrome patient: a cautionary tale for prophylactic gonadectomy. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 26:971–974CrossRefPubMed
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Sinha A, Sharma S, Gulati A et al (2010) Frasier syndrome: early gonadoblastoma and cyclosporine responsiveness. Pediatr Nephrol 25:2171–2174CrossRefPubMed Sinha A, Sharma S, Gulati A et al (2010) Frasier syndrome: early gonadoblastoma and cyclosporine responsiveness. Pediatr Nephrol 25:2171–2174CrossRefPubMed
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Joki-Erkkilä MM, Karikoski R, Rantala I et al (2002) Gonadoblastoma and dysgerminoma associated with XY gonadal dysgenesis in an adolescent with chronic renal failure: a case of Frasier syndrome. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 15:145–149CrossRefPubMed Joki-Erkkilä MM, Karikoski R, Rantala I et al (2002) Gonadoblastoma and dysgerminoma associated with XY gonadal dysgenesis in an adolescent with chronic renal failure: a case of Frasier syndrome. J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 15:145–149CrossRefPubMed
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Ebert KM, Hewitt GD, Indyk JA et al (2018) Normal pelvic ultrasound or MRI does not rule out neoplasm in patients with gonadal dysgenesis and Y chromosome material. J Pediatr Urol 14:154.e1–154.e6CrossRef Ebert KM, Hewitt GD, Indyk JA et al (2018) Normal pelvic ultrasound or MRI does not rule out neoplasm in patients with gonadal dysgenesis and Y chromosome material. J Pediatr Urol 14:154.e1–154.e6CrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Papaioannou G, Sebire NJ, McHugh K (2009) Imaging of the unusual pediatric ‘blastomas’. Cancer Imaging 9:1–11 Papaioannou G, Sebire NJ, McHugh K (2009) Imaging of the unusual pediatric ‘blastomas’. Cancer Imaging 9:1–11
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Seymour EQ, Hood JB, Underwood PB Jr et al (1976) Gonadoblastoma: an ovarian tumor with characteristic pelvic calcifications. AJR Am J Roentgenol 127:1001–1002CrossRefPubMed Seymour EQ, Hood JB, Underwood PB Jr et al (1976) Gonadoblastoma: an ovarian tumor with characteristic pelvic calcifications. AJR Am J Roentgenol 127:1001–1002CrossRefPubMed
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Fresneau B, Orbach D, Faure-Conter C et al (2015) Sex-cord stromal tumors in children and teenagers: results of the TGM-95 study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 62:2114–2119CrossRefPubMed Fresneau B, Orbach D, Faure-Conter C et al (2015) Sex-cord stromal tumors in children and teenagers: results of the TGM-95 study. Pediatr Blood Cancer 62:2114–2119CrossRefPubMed
58.
Zurück zum Zitat Schneider D, Calaminus G, Wessalowski R et al (2003) Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors in children and adolescents. J Clin Oncol 21:2357–2363CrossRefPubMed Schneider D, Calaminus G, Wessalowski R et al (2003) Ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors in children and adolescents. J Clin Oncol 21:2357–2363CrossRefPubMed
59.
Zurück zum Zitat Zaloudek C, Norris HJ (1982) Granulosa tumors of the ovary in children: a clinical and pathologic study of 32 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 6:503–512CrossRefPubMed Zaloudek C, Norris HJ (1982) Granulosa tumors of the ovary in children: a clinical and pathologic study of 32 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 6:503–512CrossRefPubMed
60.
Zurück zum Zitat Kitamura Y, Kanegawa K, Muraji T et al (2000) MR imaging of juvenile granulosa cell tumour of the ovary: a case report. Pediatr Radiol 30:360CrossRefPubMed Kitamura Y, Kanegawa K, Muraji T et al (2000) MR imaging of juvenile granulosa cell tumour of the ovary: a case report. Pediatr Radiol 30:360CrossRefPubMed
61.
Zurück zum Zitat Tanaka Y, Sasaki Y, Nishihira H et al (1992) Ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumor associated with Maffucci's syndrome. Am J Clin Pathol 97:523–527CrossRefPubMed Tanaka Y, Sasaki Y, Nishihira H et al (1992) Ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumor associated with Maffucci's syndrome. Am J Clin Pathol 97:523–527CrossRefPubMed
62.
Zurück zum Zitat Sampagar AA, Jahagirdar RR, Bafna VS et al (2016) Juvenile granulosa cell tumor associated with Ollier disease. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 37:293–295CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Sampagar AA, Jahagirdar RR, Bafna VS et al (2016) Juvenile granulosa cell tumor associated with Ollier disease. Indian J Med Paediatr Oncol 37:293–295CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
63.
Zurück zum Zitat Young RH, Perez-Atayde AR, Scully RE (1984) Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor with retiform and heterologous components. Report of a case with hepatocytic differentiation and elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein. Am J Surg Pathol 8:709–718CrossRefPubMed Young RH, Perez-Atayde AR, Scully RE (1984) Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor with retiform and heterologous components. Report of a case with hepatocytic differentiation and elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein. Am J Surg Pathol 8:709–718CrossRefPubMed
64.
Zurück zum Zitat Young RH, Scully RE (1985) Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors. A clinicopathological analysis of 207 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 9:543–569CrossRefPubMed Young RH, Scully RE (1985) Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumors. A clinicopathological analysis of 207 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 9:543–569CrossRefPubMed
65.
Zurück zum Zitat Schneider DT, Orbach D, Cecchetto G et al (2015) Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumours in children and adolescents: an analysis of the European Cooperative Study Group on Pediatric Rare Tumors (EXPeRT). Eur J Cancer 51:543–550CrossRefPubMed Schneider DT, Orbach D, Cecchetto G et al (2015) Ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumours in children and adolescents: an analysis of the European Cooperative Study Group on Pediatric Rare Tumors (EXPeRT). Eur J Cancer 51:543–550CrossRefPubMed
66.
Zurück zum Zitat Jung SE, Rha SE, Lee JM et al (2005) CT and MRI findings of sex cord–stromal tumor of the ovary. AJR Am J Roentgenol 185:207–215CrossRefPubMed Jung SE, Rha SE, Lee JM et al (2005) CT and MRI findings of sex cord–stromal tumor of the ovary. AJR Am J Roentgenol 185:207–215CrossRefPubMed
67.
Zurück zum Zitat Young RH, Welch WR, Dickersin GR et al (1982) Ovarian sex cord tumor with annular tubules: review of 74 cases including 27 with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and four with adenoma malignum of the cervix. Cancer 50:1384–1402CrossRefPubMed Young RH, Welch WR, Dickersin GR et al (1982) Ovarian sex cord tumor with annular tubules: review of 74 cases including 27 with Peutz-Jeghers syndrome and four with adenoma malignum of the cervix. Cancer 50:1384–1402CrossRefPubMed
68.
Zurück zum Zitat Nosov V, Park S, Rao J et al (2009) Non-Peutz-Jeghers syndrome associated ovarian sex cord tumor with annular tubules: a case report. Fertil Steril 92:1497.e5–1497.e8CrossRef Nosov V, Park S, Rao J et al (2009) Non-Peutz-Jeghers syndrome associated ovarian sex cord tumor with annular tubules: a case report. Fertil Steril 92:1497.e5–1497.e8CrossRef
69.
Zurück zum Zitat Scully RE (1970) Sex cord tumor with annular tubules a distinctive ovarian tumor of the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Cancer 25:1107–1121CrossRefPubMed Scully RE (1970) Sex cord tumor with annular tubules a distinctive ovarian tumor of the Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. Cancer 25:1107–1121CrossRefPubMed
70.
Zurück zum Zitat Renaud EJ, Sømme S, Islam S et al (2019) Ovarian masses in the child and adolescent: an American Pediatric Surgical Association outcomes and evidence-based practice committee systematic review. J Pediatr Surg 54:369–377CrossRefPubMed Renaud EJ, Sømme S, Islam S et al (2019) Ovarian masses in the child and adolescent: an American Pediatric Surgical Association outcomes and evidence-based practice committee systematic review. J Pediatr Surg 54:369–377CrossRefPubMed
71.
Zurück zum Zitat Hazard FK, Longacre TA (2013) Ovarian surface epithelial neoplasms in the pediatric population: incidence, histologic subtype, and natural history. Am J Surg Pathol 37:548–553CrossRefPubMed Hazard FK, Longacre TA (2013) Ovarian surface epithelial neoplasms in the pediatric population: incidence, histologic subtype, and natural history. Am J Surg Pathol 37:548–553CrossRefPubMed
72.
Zurück zum Zitat Morowitz M, Huff D, von Allmen D (2003) Epithelial ovarian tumors in children: a retrospective analysis. J Pediatr Surg 38:331–335CrossRefPubMed Morowitz M, Huff D, von Allmen D (2003) Epithelial ovarian tumors in children: a retrospective analysis. J Pediatr Surg 38:331–335CrossRefPubMed
73.
Zurück zum Zitat Song T, Choi CH, Park HS et al (2011) Fertility-sparing surgery for borderline ovarian tumors: oncologic safety and reproductive outcomes. Int J Gynecol Cancer 21:640–646CrossRefPubMed Song T, Choi CH, Park HS et al (2011) Fertility-sparing surgery for borderline ovarian tumors: oncologic safety and reproductive outcomes. Int J Gynecol Cancer 21:640–646CrossRefPubMed
74.
Zurück zum Zitat Young RH, Oliva E, Scully RE (1984) Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type. A clinicopathological analysis of 150 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 18:1102–1116CrossRef Young RH, Oliva E, Scully RE (1984) Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type. A clinicopathological analysis of 150 cases. Am J Surg Pathol 18:1102–1116CrossRef
75.
Zurück zum Zitat Callegaro-Filho D, Gershenson DM, Nick AM et al (2016) Small cell carcinoma of the ovary-hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT): a review of 47 cases. Gynecol Oncol 140:53–57CrossRefPubMed Callegaro-Filho D, Gershenson DM, Nick AM et al (2016) Small cell carcinoma of the ovary-hypercalcemic type (SCCOHT): a review of 47 cases. Gynecol Oncol 140:53–57CrossRefPubMed
76.
Zurück zum Zitat Korivi BR, Javadi S, Faria S et al (2018) Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type: clinical and imaging review. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 47:333–339CrossRefPubMed Korivi BR, Javadi S, Faria S et al (2018) Small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type: clinical and imaging review. Curr Probl Diagn Radiol 47:333–339CrossRefPubMed
77.
Zurück zum Zitat Witkowski L, Carrot-Zhang J, Albrecht S (2014) Germline and somatic SMARCA4 mutations characterize small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type. Nat Genet 46:438–443CrossRefPubMed Witkowski L, Carrot-Zhang J, Albrecht S (2014) Germline and somatic SMARCA4 mutations characterize small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type. Nat Genet 46:438–443CrossRefPubMed
78.
Zurück zum Zitat Witkowski L, Goudie C, Ramos P et al (2016) The influence of clinical and genetic factors on patient outcome in small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type. Gynecol Oncol 141:454–460CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral Witkowski L, Goudie C, Ramos P et al (2016) The influence of clinical and genetic factors on patient outcome in small cell carcinoma of the ovary, hypercalcemic type. Gynecol Oncol 141:454–460CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral
Metadaten
Titel
Ovarian neoplasms of childhood
verfasst von
Shailee V. Lala
Naomi Strubel
Publikationsdatum
01.10.2019
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Pediatric Radiology / Ausgabe 11/2019
Print ISSN: 0301-0449
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1998
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-019-04456-8

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 11/2019

Pediatric Radiology 11/2019 Zur Ausgabe

Pediatric oncologic imaging

Introduction

Pediatric oncologic imaging

Rare malignant liver tumors in children

Pediatric Oncologic Imaging

Imaging of pediatric cutaneous melanoma

Pediatric oncologic imaging

Imaging of Wilms tumor: an update

Darf man die Behandlung eines Neonazis ablehnen?

08.05.2024 Gesellschaft Nachrichten

In einer Leseranfrage in der Zeitschrift Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology möchte ein anonymer Dermatologe bzw. eine anonyme Dermatologin wissen, ob er oder sie einen Patienten behandeln muss, der eine rassistische Tätowierung trägt.

Ein Drittel der jungen Ärztinnen und Ärzte erwägt abzuwandern

07.05.2024 Klinik aktuell Nachrichten

Extreme Arbeitsverdichtung und kaum Supervision: Dr. Andrea Martini, Sprecherin des Bündnisses Junge Ärztinnen und Ärzte (BJÄ) über den Frust des ärztlichen Nachwuchses und die Vorteile des Rucksack-Modells.

Endlich: Zi zeigt, mit welchen PVS Praxen zufrieden sind

IT für Ärzte Nachrichten

Darauf haben viele Praxen gewartet: Das Zi hat eine Liste von Praxisverwaltungssystemen veröffentlicht, die von Nutzern positiv bewertet werden. Eine gute Grundlage für wechselwillige Ärztinnen und Psychotherapeuten.

Akuter Schwindel: Wann lohnt sich eine MRT?

28.04.2024 Schwindel Nachrichten

Akuter Schwindel stellt oft eine diagnostische Herausforderung dar. Wie nützlich dabei eine MRT ist, hat eine Studie aus Finnland untersucht. Immerhin einer von sechs Patienten wurde mit akutem ischämischem Schlaganfall diagnostiziert.

Update Radiologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.