Introduction
Materials and methods
Statistical analysis
Results
NT only
n = 244 | Stent only
n = 244 |
p value | NT only
n = 68 | TTL
n = 68 |
p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Case volume [mean (SD)] | 83.5 (66.1) | 70.0 (59.5) | 70.6 (48.9) | 74.4 (59.7) | ||
Gender no. (%) | ||||||
Male | 135 (55.6) | 159 (65.2) | 0.030 | 40 (58.8) | 46 (67.6) | 0.285 |
Female | 108 (44.4) | 159 (34.8) | 28 (41.2) | 22 (32.4) | ||
Age (years) [mean (range)] | 49.5 (14.7) | 49.4 (15.3) | 0.929 | 47.4 (14.9) | 48.2 (14.5) | 0.748 |
BMI [mean (SD)] | 26.9 (4.8) | 26.4 (4.8) | 0.384 | 26.8 (5.1) | 26.5 (3.7) | 0.620 |
ASA physical status classification [no. (%)] | ||||||
I | 124 (51.0) | 125 (53.6) | 0.610 | 45 (68.2) | 37 (55.2) | 0.281 |
II | 88 (36.2) | 72 (30.9) | 15 (22.7) | 23 (34.3) | ||
III | 27 (11.1) | 32 (13.7) | 6 (9.1) | 7 (10.4) | ||
IV | 4 (1.6) | 4 (1.7) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
Antiplatelet/coagulant therapy no. (%) | 19 (7.8) | 17 (7.0) | 0.729 | 2 (2.9) | 5 (7.4) | 0.437 |
Previous open renal surgery no. (%) | 20 (8.2) | 8 (3.3) | 0.020 | 4 (5.9) | 4 (5.9) | 0.715 |
Renal anomalies no. (%) | ||||||
Ectopic | 2 (0.8) | 0 (0.0) | 0.070 | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | 0.572 |
Horseshoe | 9 (3.7) | 2 (0.8) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (1.5) | ||
Malrotation | 3 (1.2) | 5 (2.0) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | ||
Single kidney | 9 (3.7) | 3 (1.2) | 0.143 | 1 (1.5) | 1 (1.5) | 1.000 |
Stone characteristicsa
| ||||||
Staghorn no. (%) | 43 (17.6) | 50 (20.5) | 0.419 | 7 (10.3) | 7 (10.3) | 0.777 |
Multiple stones no. (%) | 93 (38.1) | 101 (44.4) | 0.153 | 32 (52.9) | 29 (57.4) | 0.604 |
Single stone no. (%) | 151 (61.9) | 143 (58.6) | 36 (47.1) | 39 (42.6) | ||
Stone size (mm3) [mean (SD)] | 330.0 (228.6) | 301.4 (214.8) | 0.559 | 333.2 (189.7) | 295.3 (186.7) | 0.717 |
NT only
n = 244 | Stent only
n = 244 |
p value | NT only
n = 68 | TTL
n = 68 |
p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Position | ||||||
Supine no. (%) | 36 (14.8) | 50 (20.5) | 0.096 | 19 (27.9) | 15 (22.1) | 0.428 |
Prone no. (%) | 208 (85.2) | 194 (79.5) | 49 (72.1) | 53 (77.9) | ||
Percutaneous access | ||||||
Lower calyx no. (%) | 171 (70.4) | 129 (53.1) | 0.001 | 61 (89.7) | 50 (73.5) | 0.080 |
Middle calyx no. (%) | 39 (16.0) | 63 (25.9) | 6 (8.8) | 12 (17.6) | ||
Upper calyx no. (%) | 19 (7.8) | 47 (19.3) | 1 (1.5) | 5 (7.4) | ||
Multiple calyces no. (%) | 14 (5.8) | 4 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | ||
Tract dilation | ||||||
Telescopic dilator no. (%) | 119 (48.8) | 135 (55.3) | 0.147 | 21 (69.1) | 28 (58.8) | 0.211 |
Balloon dilator no. (%) | 125 (51.2) | 109 (44.7) | 47 (30.9) | 40 (41.2) | ||
Postoperative stone-free rate no. (%) | 213 (87.3) | 217 (88.9) | 0.575 | 62 (91.2) | 62 (91.2) | 1.00 |
Reported bleeding no. (%) | 8 (3.3) | 6 (2.5) | 0.587 | 2 (2.9) | 2 (2.9) | 1.00 |
NT only
n = 244 | Stent only
n = 244 |
p value | NT only
n = 68 | TTL
n = 68 |
p value | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Operative time (min) [mean (SD)] | 81.5 (44.7) | 73.2 (37.1) | 0.029 | 67.1 (39.1) | 77.6 (49.7) | 0.181 |
Hemoglobin decrease (g/dL) [mean (SD)] | 3.8 (3.1) | 3.5 (3.5) | 0.327 | 3.4 (2.8) | 3.2 (3.3) | 0.746 |
Fever no. (%) | 22 (9.1) | 20 (8.3) | 0.757 | 3 (4.4) | 4 (5.9) | 0.697 |
Clavien graded complications no. (%) | ||||||
I | 12 (5.0) | 16 (6.7) | 0.555 | 5 (7.5) | 2 (2.9) | 0.594 |
II | 11 (4.6) | 14 (5.9) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (1.5) | ||
IIIa | 2 (0.8) | 5 (2.1) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | ||
IIIb | 1 (0.4) | 2 (0.8) | 1 (1.5) | 2 (2.9) | ||
IVa | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | ||
IVb | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | ||
V | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | ||
Postoperative hospital stay (days) [mean (SD)] | 4.3 (3.2) | 2.3 (1.9) | <0.001 | 4.0 (2.9) | 3.2 (3.4) | 0.107 |