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Journal of Neurology

Erschienen in:

22.06.2019 | Original Communication

Characteristics of positional nystagmus in patients with horizontal canal canalolithiasis or cupulopathy

verfasst von: Hui Wang, Qingxiu Yao, Zhuangzhuang Li, Dongzhen Yu, Haibo Shi

Erschienen in: Journal of Neurology | Ausgabe 10/2019

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Abstract

Objectives

Positional nystagmus can be related to various kinds of disorders. The current study aims to compare the direction-changing horizontal positional nystagmus (DCPN) characteristics in horizontal canal canalolithiasis (HC-canalolithiasis), heavy cupula of the horizontal canal (HC-Hcu), and light cupula of the horizontal canal (HC-Lcu), especially the temporal patterns of positional nystagmus in three disorders.

Methods

52 patients (22 males, 30 females; mean age, 49.6 years) presenting with geotropic or apogeotropic DCPN were enrolled, and they were divided into HC-canalolithiasis, HC-Hcu, or HC-Lcu groups according their nystagmus characteristics. We compared their latency, time constant, peak slow-phase velocity (SPV), time to reach peak SPV intensity (T_peak), and time to decay to half-peak intensity (T_1/2peak).

Results

The time to reach peak SPV did not differ significantly between the HC-Hcu (23.1 ± 8.6 s) and HC-Lcu (24.4 ± 9.9 s) groups (p = 0.733), but was significantly longer than that of the HC-canalolithiasis group (5.4 ± 3.5 s; p ≤ 0.001). The peak intensity did not differ among the canalolithiasis (36.4 ± 20.6º/s), HC-Hcu (30.1 ± 23.6º/s), and HC-Lcu (21.4 ± 12.7º/s) groups (p = 0.133). The onset latency also had no statistical difference among three groups (p = 0.200). The nystagmus patterns of HC-Lcu and HC-Hcu groups were similar, including latency, peak SPV intensity, T_peak, T_1/2peak, and SPV in 20 s, 40 s, 60 s, 80 s.

Conclusions

The nystagmus characteristics of HC-Hcu and HC-Lcu are similar, except for the fact that movement was in opposite directions, suggesting that HC-Hcu and HC-Lcu may result from a similar pathophysiological mechanism (cupulopathy) differing from that underlying canalolithiasis.

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Titel: Characteristics of positional nystagmus in patients with horizontal canal canalolithiasis or cupulopathy
verfasst von: Hui Wang
Qingxiu Yao
Zhuangzhuang Li
Dongzhen Yu
Haibo Shi
Publikationsdatum: 22.06.2019
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Journal of Neurology / Ausgabe 10/2019
Print ISSN: 0340-5354
Elektronische ISSN: 1432-1459
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00415-019-09435-5

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