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Erschienen in: Clinical Oral Investigations 5/2016

09.09.2015 | Original Article

Altered macrophagic THP-1 cell phagocytosis and migration in bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ)

verfasst von: Sebastian Hoefert, Claudia Sade Hoefert, Adelheid Munz, Hinnak Northoff, Anna Yuan, Kathrin Reichenmiller, Siegmar Reinert, Martin Grimm

Erschienen in: Clinical Oral Investigations | Ausgabe 5/2016

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Abstract

Objectives

Local immune dysfunction via macrophages is a proposed aetiology of bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ). This study aimed to clarify the effects of various bisphosphonates on macrophage function using a THP-1 monocytic model to examine migration, phagocytosis, and fibrin structure.

Materials and methods

THP-1 cell migration was measured in the presence and absence of zoledronate, ibandronate, risedronate, alendronate, pamidronate (0.5, 5 and 50 μM) and clodronate (125, 250 and 500 μM) using the real-time xCELLigence system. Phagocytosis and actin fibre assays were performed after 72 h with zoledronate, ibandronate, alendronate and clodronate.

Results

Time to maximum migration for THP-1 cells was significantly reduced (p < 0.05) for high dosages of zoledronate, ibandronate and alendronate compared to controls. All dosages of clodronate and a low dose of zoledronate exhibited prolonged migrations. Phagocytic capacity was significantly reduced in high dosages of all bisphosphonates and for 5 μM zoledronate and ibandronate (p < 0.05). Low bisphosphonate exposure was accompanied by overcharged phagosoms. Altered appearance in F-actin fibrin structure was observed in bisphosphonate-exposed cells.

Conclusions

All bisphosphonates altered the migration of THP-1 cells dose-dependently. Low doses also prolonged migration and altered cell morphology. These findings support the idea of a disturbed local immune function of macrophages even in jaw bone exposed to low concentrations of bisphosphonate.

Clinical relevance

These are the first real-time results for disrupted migration and function of macrophagic THP-1 cells in high doses. Low dosages also demonstrated altered macrophage phagocytosis and cell morphology, suggesting a disturbed local immune function in BRONJ pathogenesis.
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Metadaten
Titel
Altered macrophagic THP-1 cell phagocytosis and migration in bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ)
verfasst von
Sebastian Hoefert
Claudia Sade Hoefert
Adelheid Munz
Hinnak Northoff
Anna Yuan
Kathrin Reichenmiller
Siegmar Reinert
Martin Grimm
Publikationsdatum
09.09.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Clinical Oral Investigations / Ausgabe 5/2016
Print ISSN: 1432-6981
Elektronische ISSN: 1436-3771
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s00784-015-1584-3

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