nach oben

Lasers in Medical Science

Erschienen in:

03.08.2017 | Original Article

In vitro studies to evaluate the effect of varying culture conditions and IPL fluencies on tenocyte activities

verfasst von: Jihad A. M. Alzyoud, Ilyas M. Khan, Sarah G. Rees

Erschienen in: Lasers in Medical Science | Ausgabe 7/2017

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

Tendons are dense, fibrous connective tissues which carry out the essential physiological role of transmitting mechanical forces from skeletal muscle to bone. From a clinical perspective, tendinopathy is very common, both within the sporting arena and amongst the sedentary population. Studies have shown that light therapy may stimulate tendon healing, and more recently, intense pulsed light (IPL) has attracted attention as a potential treatment modality for tendinopathy; however, its mechanism of action and effect on the tendon cells (tenocytes) is poorly understood. The present study therefore investigates the influence of IPL on an in vitro bovine tendon model. Tenocytes were irradiated with IPL at different devise settings and under variable culture conditions (e.g. utilising cell culture media with or without the pH indicator dye phenol red), and changes in tenocyte viability and migration were subsequently investigated using Alamar blue and scratch assays, respectively. Our data demonstrated that IPL fluencies of up to 15.9 J/cm² proved harmless to the tenocyte cultures (this was the case using culture media with or without phenol red) and resulted in a significant increase in cell viability under certain culture conditions. Furthermore, IPL treatment of tenocytes did not affect the rate of cell migration. This study demonstrates that irradiation with IPL is not detrimental to the tenocytes and may increase their viability under certain conditions, thus validating our in vitro model. Further studies are required to elucidate the effects of IPL application in the clinical situation.

Kannus P (2000) Structure of the tendon connective tissue. Scand J Med Sci Sports 10(6):312–320CrossRefPubMed

Riley G (2004) The pathogenesis of tendinopathy. A molecular perspective. Rheumatology 43(2):131–142CrossRefPubMed

Rees S, Dent C, Caterson B (2009) Metabolism of proteoglycans in tendon. Scand J Med Sci Sports 19(4):470–478CrossRefPubMed

Sharma P, Maffulli N (2005) Tendon injury and tendinopathy: healing and repair. J Bone Joint Surg 87(1):187–202PubMed

McNeilly C, Banes A, Benjamin M, Ralphs J (1996) Tendon cells in vivo form a three dimensional network of cell processes linked by gap junctions. J Anat 189(Pt 3):593PubMedPubMedCentral

O'brien M (1997) Structure and metabolism of tendons. Scand J Med Sci Sports 7(2):55–61CrossRefPubMed

Cook J, Purdam CR (2009) Is tendon pathology a continuum? A pathology model to explain the clinical presentation of load-induced tendinopathy. Br J Sports Med 43(6):409–416CrossRefPubMed

Babilas P, Schreml S, Szeimies RM, Landthaler M (2010) Intense pulsed light (IPL): a review. Lasers Surg Med 42(2):93–104CrossRefPubMed

Allemann IB, Kaufman J (2011) Laser principles. In: Allemann IB, Goldberg DJ (eds) Basics in Dermatological Laser Applications, vol 42. Curr Probl Dermatol, Karger, Basel, pp7-23

10.

Calderhead RG (2007) The photobiological basics behind light-emitting diode (LED) phototherapy. Laser Ther 16(2):97–108CrossRef

11.

Tumilty S, Munn J, McDonough S, Hurley DA, Basford JR, Baxter GD (2010) Low level laser treatment of tendinopathy: a systematic review with meta-analysis. Photomed Laser Surg 28(1):3–16CrossRefPubMed

12.

Davies LB, Kiernan MN, Bishop JC, Thornton CA, Morgan G (2014) The impact of cell culture equipment on energy loss. Lasers Med Sci 29(1):195–202CrossRefPubMed

13.

Franchi M, Alessandra T, Marilisa Q, Ester O, Victoria O (2007) Collagen structure of tendon relates to function. Sci World J 7:404–420CrossRef

14.

Tsai W-C, Cheng J-W, Chen J-L, Chen C-Y, Chang H-N, Liao Y-H, Lin M-S, Pang J-HS (2014) Low-level laser irradiation stimulates tenocyte proliferation in association with increased NO synthesis and upregulation of PCNA and cyclins. Lasers Med Sci 29(4):1377–1384CrossRefPubMed

15.

Tsai W-C, Hsu C-C, Pang J-HS, Lin M-S, Chen Y-H, Liang F-C (2012) Low-level laser irradiation stimulates tenocyte migration with up-regulation of dynamin II expression. PLoS One 7(5):e38235CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

16.

Seo Y-K, Park J-K, Song C, Kwon S-Y (2014) Comparison of light-emitting diode wavelength on activity and migration of rabbit ACL cells. Lasers Med Sci 29(1):245–255CrossRefPubMed

17.

Lapotko DO, Zharov VP (2005) Spectral evaluation of laser-induced cell damage with photothermal microscopy. Lasers Surg Med 36(1):22–30CrossRefPubMed

18.

Wong W, Shyu W, Tsai J, Hsu K, Pang J (2009) Intense pulsed light effects on the expression of extracellular matrix proteins and transforming growth factor beta-1 in skin dermal fibroblasts cultured within contracted collagen lattices. Dermatol Surg: Off Publ Am Soc Dermatol Surg [et al] 35(5):816–825CrossRef

19.

Hutchison A, Pallister I, Evans R, Bodger O, Topliss C, Williams P, Beard D (2013) Intense pulsed light treatment of chronic mid-body Achilles tendinopathy. Bone Joint J 95(4):504–509CrossRefPubMed

20.

Crockett RJ, Centrella M, McCarthy TL, Thomson JG (2010) Effects of cyclic strain on rat tail tenocytes. Mol Biol Rep 37(6):2629–2634CrossRefPubMed

21.

Hutchison A, Beard D, Bishop J, Pallister I, Davies W (2012) An investigation of the transmission and attenuation of intense pulsed light on samples of human Achilles tendon and surrounding tissue. Lasers Surg Med 44(5):397–405CrossRefPubMed

22.

World Association of Laser Therapy (2006) Consensus agreement on the design and conduct of clinical studies with low-level laser therapy and light therapy for musculoskeletal pain and disorders. Photomed Laser Surg 24(6):761CrossRef

23.

Liang C-C, Park AY, Guan J-L (2007) In vitro scratch assay: a convenient and inexpensive method for analysis of cell migration in vitro. Nat Protoc 2(2):329–333CrossRefPubMed

24.

Berthois Y, Katzenellenbogen JA, Katzenellenbogen BS (1986) Phenol red in tissue culture media is a weak estrogen: implications concerning the study of estrogen-responsive cells in culture. Proc Natl Acad Sci 83(8):2496–2500CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

25.

Zhu Y, Zhang X, Zhu J, Zhao Q, Li Y, Li W, Fan C, Huang Q (2012) Cytotoxicity of phenol red in toxicity assays for carbon nanoparticles. Int J Mol Sci 13(10):12336–12348CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

26.

Al-Nasiry S, Geusens N, Hanssens M, Luyten C, Pijnenborg R (2007) The use of Alamar blue assay for quantitative analysis of viability, migration and invasion of choriocarcinoma cells. Hum Reprod 22(5):1304–1309CrossRefPubMed

27.

Karu T (1999) Primary and secondary mechanisms of action of visible to near-IR radiation on cells. J Photochem Photobiol B Biol 49(1):1–17CrossRef

28.

Brunner D, Frank J, Appl H, Schöffl H, Pfaller W, Gstraunthaler G (2010) Serum-free cell culture: the serum-free media interactive online database. ALTEX 27(1):53CrossRefPubMed

29.

Van der Valk J, Brunner D, De Smet K, Svenningsen ÅF, Honegger P, Knudsen LE, Lindl T, Noraberg J, Price A, Scarino M (2010) Optimization of chemically defined cell culture media–replacing fetal bovine serum in mammalian in vitro methods. Toxicol in Vitro 24(4):1053–1063CrossRefPubMed

30.

Voytik-Harbin SL, Brightman AO, Waisner B, Lamar CH, Badylak SF (1998) Application and evaluation of the alamarBlue assay for cell growth and survival of fibroblasts. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 34(3):239–246CrossRefPubMed

31.

Abrahamsson SO, Lundborg G, Lohmander LS (1991) Long-term explant culture of rabbit flexor tendon: effects of recombinant human insulin-like growth factor-I and serum on matrix metabolism. J Orthop Res 9(4):503–515CrossRefPubMed

32.

Koob T, Vogel KG (1987) Proteoglycan synthesis in organ cultures from regions of bovine tendon subjected to different mechanical forces. Biochem J 246(3):589–598CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

33.

Koob TJ, Clark PE, Hernandez DJ, Thurmond FA, Vogel KG (1992) Compression loading in vitro regulates proteoglycan synthesis by tendon fibrocartilage. Arch Biochem Biophys 298(1):303–312CrossRefPubMed

34.

Vogel K, Hernandez D (1992) The effects of transforming growth factor-beta and serum on proteoglycan synthesis by tendon fibrocartilage. Eur J Cell Biol 59(2):304–313PubMed

35.

Rees S, Flannery C, Little C, Hughes C, Caterson B, Dent C (2000) Catabolism of aggrecan, decorin and biglycan in tendon. Biochem J 350:181–188CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

36.

Bastos J, Lizarelli R, Parizotto N (2009) Comparative study of laser and LED systems of low intensity applied to tendon healing. Laser Phys 19(9):1925–1931CrossRef

37.

Bjordal JM (2012) Low level laser therapy (LLLT) and world Association for Laser Therapy (WALT) dosage recommendations. Photomed Laser Surg 30(2):61–62CrossRefPubMed

38.

Hamblin MR, Demidova TN (2006) Mechanisms of low level light therapy. Proc Spie 6140(61001):1-12.

39.

Bahmer F, Drosner M, Hohenleutner U, Kaufmann R, Kautz G, Kimmig W, Landthaler M, Neumann R, Raulin C, Seeber N (2007) Recommendation for laser and intense pulsed light (IPL) therapy in dermatology. JDDG: J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 5(11):1036–1042CrossRefPubMed

40.

Bedewi AE, Khalafawy GE (2013) The use of synchrotron infrared microspectroscopy to demonstrate the effect of intense pulsed light on dermal fibroblasts. J Cosmet Laser Ther 15(6):305–309CrossRefPubMed

41.

Raulin C, Greve B, Grema H (2003) IPL technology: a review. Lasers Surg Med 32(2):78–87CrossRefPubMed

42.

Karu T (2013) Is it time to consider photobiomodulation as a drug equivalent? Photomed Laser Surg 31(5):189–191CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

43.

Zhou Z, Akinbiyi T, Xu L, Ramcharan M, Leong DJ, Ros SJ, Colvin AC, Schaffler MB, Majeska RJ, Flatow EL (2010) Tendon-derived stem/progenitor cell aging: defective self-renewal and altered fate. Aging Cell 9(5):911–915CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

44.

López-Otín C, Blasco MA, Partridge L, Serrano M, Kroemer G (2013) The hallmarks of aging. Cell 153(6):1194–1217CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

45.

Kohler J, Popov C, Klotz B, Alberton P, Prall WC, Haasters F, Müller-Deubert S, Ebert R, Klein-Hitpass L, Jakob F (2013) Uncovering the cellular and molecular changes in tendon stem/progenitor cells attributed to tendon aging and degeneration. Aging Cell 12(6):988–999CrossRefPubMedPubMedCentral

Titel: In vitro studies to evaluate the effect of varying culture conditions and IPL fluencies on tenocyte activities
verfasst von: Jihad A. M. Alzyoud
Ilyas M. Khan
Sarah G. Rees
Publikationsdatum: 03.08.2017
Verlag: Springer London
Erschienen in: Lasers in Medical Science / Ausgabe 7/2017
Print ISSN: 0268-8921
Elektronische ISSN: 1435-604X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10103-017-2279-6

Springer Medizin

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu diesem Inhalt zu erhalten

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 7/2017

Reflectance confocal microscopic evaluation of nonmelanocytic lip lesions

Erratum to: Nd:YAG laser irradiation associated with fluoridated gels containing photo absorbers in the prevention of enamel erosion

Nevus spilus: treatment with fractional CO2 laser in combination with MedLite C6 laser: a preliminary study

Discrimination model applied to urinalysis of patients with diabetes and hypertension aiming at diagnosis of chronic kidney disease by Raman spectroscopy

Determining the optimal dose of 1940-nm thulium fiber laser for assisting the endodontic treatment

Comment on “Effectiveness of antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (AmPDT) on Staphylococcus aureus using phenothiazinecompound with red laser”