Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 1/2008

01.07.2008 | Review

Prognosis of the upper limb following surgery and radiation for breast cancer

verfasst von: Teresa S. Lee, Sharon L. Kilbreath, Kathryn M. Refshauge, Robert D. Herbert, Jane M. Beith

Erschienen in: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment | Ausgabe 1/2008

Einloggen, um Zugang zu erhalten

Abstract

The aim of this systematic review was to identify the prevalence and severity of upper limb problems following surgery and radiation for early breast cancer. Additionally, the independent prognostic contribution of radiation, type of breast surgery, type of axillary surgery, age and body mass index (BMI) was evaluated. Searches of electronic databases were conducted to identify articles that reported upper limb and quality of life outcomes after breast cancer surgery and external radiation. Eligible studies for prognosis were longitudinal in design, with ≥95% of patients treated by surgery and radiation that excluded the axilla. Cross-sectional studies were also included for identification of prognostic factors. Where possible, the contribution of independent prognostic factors was analyzed. The review identified 32 relevant studies. Shoulder restriction was reported in between <1% and 67% of participants, lymphedema was reported in between 0 and 34% of participants, shoulder/arm pain was reported in between 9 and 68% of participants and arm weakness was reported in between 9 and 28% of participants. Quality of life was high across studies. Irradiated patients had slightly increased odds of lymphedema (OR = 1.46, 95% CI 1.16–1.84) and shoulder restriction (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 0.98–2.86) compared with non-irradiated patients. For patients undergoing surgery and radiation for breast cancer, the prognosis is good in terms of the upper limb and quality of life. Radiation that excludes the axilla does not appear to be a strong prognostic indicator of adverse upper limb outcomes.
Anhänge
Nur mit Berechtigung zugänglich
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Centers for disease control and prevention (2004) Cancer survivorship – United States, 1971–2001. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 53:526–529 Centers for disease control and prevention (2004) Cancer survivorship – United States, 1971–2001. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report 53:526–529
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Collins LG, Nash R, Round T et al (2004) Perceptions of upper-body problems during recovery from breast cancer treatment. Support Care Cancer 12:106–113PubMedCrossRef Collins LG, Nash R, Round T et al (2004) Perceptions of upper-body problems during recovery from breast cancer treatment. Support Care Cancer 12:106–113PubMedCrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat McCredie MRE, Dite GS, Porter L et al (2001) Prevalence of self-reported arm morbidity following treatment for breast cancer in the Australian Breast Cancer Family Study. Breast 10:515–522PubMedCrossRef McCredie MRE, Dite GS, Porter L et al (2001) Prevalence of self-reported arm morbidity following treatment for breast cancer in the Australian Breast Cancer Family Study. Breast 10:515–522PubMedCrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Warner NJ, Rangan AM, Langlands AO et al (1998) Effect of concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy on breast cosmesis: a study of patients’ perceptions. Breast 7:131–136CrossRef Warner NJ, Rangan AM, Langlands AO et al (1998) Effect of concurrent chemotherapy and radiotherapy on breast cosmesis: a study of patients’ perceptions. Breast 7:131–136CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Sugden EM, Rezvani M, Harrison JM et al (1998) Shoulder movement after the treatment of early stage breast cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 10:173–181 Sugden EM, Rezvani M, Harrison JM et al (1998) Shoulder movement after the treatment of early stage breast cancer. Clin Oncol (R Coll Radiol) 10:173–181
6.
Zurück zum Zitat The Steering Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Care and Treatment of Breast Cancer (1998) Mastectomy or lumpectomy? The choice of operation for clinical Stages I and II breast cancer. CMAJ 158(Suppl 3):S15–S21 The Steering Committee on Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Care and Treatment of Breast Cancer (1998) Mastectomy or lumpectomy? The choice of operation for clinical Stages I and II breast cancer. CMAJ 158(Suppl 3):S15–S21
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Kissin MW, Querci della Rovere G, Easton D et al (1986) Risk of lymphoedema following the treatment of breast cancer. Br J Surg 73:580–584PubMedCrossRef Kissin MW, Querci della Rovere G, Easton D et al (1986) Risk of lymphoedema following the treatment of breast cancer. Br J Surg 73:580–584PubMedCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Kwan W, Jackson J, Weir LM et al (2002) Chronic arm morbidity after curative breast cancer treatment: prevalence and impact on quality of life. J Clin Oncol 20:4242–4248PubMedCrossRef Kwan W, Jackson J, Weir LM et al (2002) Chronic arm morbidity after curative breast cancer treatment: prevalence and impact on quality of life. J Clin Oncol 20:4242–4248PubMedCrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Nagel PH, Bruggink ED, Wobbes T et al (2003) Arm morbidity after complete axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer. Acta Chir Belg 103:212–216PubMed Nagel PH, Bruggink ED, Wobbes T et al (2003) Arm morbidity after complete axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer. Acta Chir Belg 103:212–216PubMed
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Chetty U, Jack W, Prescott RJ et al (2000) Management of the axilla in operable breast cancer treated by breast conservation: a randomized clinical trial. Br J Surg 87:163–169PubMedCrossRef Chetty U, Jack W, Prescott RJ et al (2000) Management of the axilla in operable breast cancer treated by breast conservation: a randomized clinical trial. Br J Surg 87:163–169PubMedCrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Delouche G, Bachelot F, Premont M et al (1987) Conservation treatment of early breast cancer: long term results and complications. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 13:29–34PubMed Delouche G, Bachelot F, Premont M et al (1987) Conservation treatment of early breast cancer: long term results and complications. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 13:29–34PubMed
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Johansson K, Ingvar C, Albertsson M et al (2001) Arm lymphoedema, shoulder mobility and muscle strength after breast cancer treatment – a prospective 2-year study. Adv Physioth 3:55–66CrossRef Johansson K, Ingvar C, Albertsson M et al (2001) Arm lymphoedema, shoulder mobility and muscle strength after breast cancer treatment – a prospective 2-year study. Adv Physioth 3:55–66CrossRef
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Schrenk P, Rieger R, Shamiyeh A et al (2000) Morbidity following sentinel lymph node biopsy versus axillary lymph node dissection for patients with breast carcinoma. Cancer 88:608–614PubMedCrossRef Schrenk P, Rieger R, Shamiyeh A et al (2000) Morbidity following sentinel lymph node biopsy versus axillary lymph node dissection for patients with breast carcinoma. Cancer 88:608–614PubMedCrossRef
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Giuliano AE, Haigh PI, Brennan MB et al (2000) Prospective observational study of sentinel lymphadenectomy without further axillary dissection in patients with sentinel node-negative breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 18:2553–2559PubMed Giuliano AE, Haigh PI, Brennan MB et al (2000) Prospective observational study of sentinel lymphadenectomy without further axillary dissection in patients with sentinel node-negative breast cancer. J Clin Oncol 18:2553–2559PubMed
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Mansel RE, Fallowfield L, Kissin M et al (2006) Randomized multicenter trial of sentinel node biopsy versus standard axillary treatment in operable breast cancer: the ALMANAC Trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 98:599–609PubMedCrossRef Mansel RE, Fallowfield L, Kissin M et al (2006) Randomized multicenter trial of sentinel node biopsy versus standard axillary treatment in operable breast cancer: the ALMANAC Trial. J Natl Cancer Inst 98:599–609PubMedCrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Ward S, Heidrich S, Wolberg W (1989) Factors women take into account when deciding upon type of surgery for breast cancer. Cancer Nurs 12:344–351PubMedCrossRef Ward S, Heidrich S, Wolberg W (1989) Factors women take into account when deciding upon type of surgery for breast cancer. Cancer Nurs 12:344–351PubMedCrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Pengel LHM, Herbert RD, Maher CG et al (2003) Acute low back pain: systematic review of its prognosis. BMJ 327:323PubMedCrossRef Pengel LHM, Herbert RD, Maher CG et al (2003) Acute low back pain: systematic review of its prognosis. BMJ 327:323PubMedCrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat de Noronha M, Refshauge KM, Herbert RD et al (2006) Do voluntary strength, proprioception, range of motion, or postural sway predict occurrence of lateral ankle sprain? BJSM 40:824–828CrossRefPubMed de Noronha M, Refshauge KM, Herbert RD et al (2006) Do voluntary strength, proprioception, range of motion, or postural sway predict occurrence of lateral ankle sprain? BJSM 40:824–828CrossRefPubMed
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Muaidi Q, Nicholson L, Refshauge K et al (in press) Prognosis of conservatively managed anterior cruciate ligament injury: a systematic review. Sports Medicine Muaidi Q, Nicholson L, Refshauge K et al (in press) Prognosis of conservatively managed anterior cruciate ligament injury: a systematic review. Sports Medicine
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Hayes RJ et al (1995) Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials. JAMA 273:408–412PubMedCrossRef Schulz KF, Chalmers I, Hayes RJ et al (1995) Empirical evidence of bias. Dimensions of methodological quality associated with estimates of treatment effects in controlled trials. JAMA 273:408–412PubMedCrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Emerson JD, Burdick E, Hoaglin DC et al (1990) An empirical study of the possible relation of treatment differences to quality scores in controlled randomized clinical trials. Control Clin Trials 11:339–352PubMedCrossRef Emerson JD, Burdick E, Hoaglin DC et al (1990) An empirical study of the possible relation of treatment differences to quality scores in controlled randomized clinical trials. Control Clin Trials 11:339–352PubMedCrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Delgado-Rodriguez M, Sillero Arenas M (1995) Inclusion of research quality in meta-analyses. Gac Sanit 9:265–272PubMed Delgado-Rodriguez M, Sillero Arenas M (1995) Inclusion of research quality in meta-analyses. Gac Sanit 9:265–272PubMed
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Ernst MF, Voogd AC, Balder W et al (2002) Early and late morbidity associated with axillary levels I-III dissection in breast cancer. J Surg Oncol 79:151–155PubMedCrossRef Ernst MF, Voogd AC, Balder W et al (2002) Early and late morbidity associated with axillary levels I-III dissection in breast cancer. J Surg Oncol 79:151–155PubMedCrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Tengrup I, Tennvall-Nittby L, Christiansson I et al (2000) Arm morbidity after breast-conserving therapy for breast cancer. Acta Oncol 39:393–397PubMedCrossRef Tengrup I, Tennvall-Nittby L, Christiansson I et al (2000) Arm morbidity after breast-conserving therapy for breast cancer. Acta Oncol 39:393–397PubMedCrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Voogd AC, Ververs JM, Vingerhoets AJ et al (2003) Lymphoedema and reduced shoulder function as indicators of quality of life after axillary lymph node dissection for invasive breast cancer. Br J Surg 90:76–81PubMedCrossRef Voogd AC, Ververs JM, Vingerhoets AJ et al (2003) Lymphoedema and reduced shoulder function as indicators of quality of life after axillary lymph node dissection for invasive breast cancer. Br J Surg 90:76–81PubMedCrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Parvanova V, Pandova V (1999) Radiotherapy without boost to the tumor bed after conservative surgery in the treatment of early breast cancer. J BUON 4:179–184 Parvanova V, Pandova V (1999) Radiotherapy without boost to the tumor bed after conservative surgery in the treatment of early breast cancer. J BUON 4:179–184
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Barranger E, Dubernard G, Fleurence J et al (2005) Subjective morbidity and quality of life after sentinel node biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer. J Surg Oncol 92:17–22PubMedCrossRef Barranger E, Dubernard G, Fleurence J et al (2005) Subjective morbidity and quality of life after sentinel node biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer. J Surg Oncol 92:17–22PubMedCrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Knobf MT, Sun Y (2005) A longitudinal study of symptoms and self-care activities in women treated with primary radiotherapy for breast cancer. Cancer Nurs 28:210–218PubMedCrossRef Knobf MT, Sun Y (2005) A longitudinal study of symptoms and self-care activities in women treated with primary radiotherapy for breast cancer. Cancer Nurs 28:210–218PubMedCrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Lee TS, Kilbreath SL, Refshauge KM et al (2007) Pectoral stretching program for women undergoing radiotherapy for breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 102:313–321PubMedCrossRef Lee TS, Kilbreath SL, Refshauge KM et al (2007) Pectoral stretching program for women undergoing radiotherapy for breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res Treat 102:313–321PubMedCrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Peintinger F, Reitsamer R, Stranzl H et al (2003) Comparison of quality of life and arm complaints after axillary lymph node dissection vs sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer patients. Br J Cancer 89:648–652PubMedCrossRef Peintinger F, Reitsamer R, Stranzl H et al (2003) Comparison of quality of life and arm complaints after axillary lymph node dissection vs sentinel lymph node biopsy in breast cancer patients. Br J Cancer 89:648–652PubMedCrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Fehlauer F, Tribius S, Holler U et al (2003) Long-term radiation sequelae after breast-conserving therapy in women with early-stage breast cancer: an observational study using the LENT-SOMA scoring system. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 55:651–658PubMed Fehlauer F, Tribius S, Holler U et al (2003) Long-term radiation sequelae after breast-conserving therapy in women with early-stage breast cancer: an observational study using the LENT-SOMA scoring system. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 55:651–658PubMed
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Ishiyama H, Niino K, Hosoya T et al (2006) Results of a questionnaire survey for symptom of late complications caused by radiotherapy in breast conserving therapy. Breast Cancer 13:197–201PubMedCrossRef Ishiyama H, Niino K, Hosoya T et al (2006) Results of a questionnaire survey for symptom of late complications caused by radiotherapy in breast conserving therapy. Breast Cancer 13:197–201PubMedCrossRef
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Kiel KD, Rademacker AW (1996) Early-stage breast cancer: arm edema after wide excision and breast irradiation. Radiology 198:279–283PubMed Kiel KD, Rademacker AW (1996) Early-stage breast cancer: arm edema after wide excision and breast irradiation. Radiology 198:279–283PubMed
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Sarin R, Dinshaw KA, Shrivastava SK et al (1993) Therapeutic factors influencing the cosmetic outcome and late complications in the conservative management of early breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 27:285–292PubMed Sarin R, Dinshaw KA, Shrivastava SK et al (1993) Therapeutic factors influencing the cosmetic outcome and late complications in the conservative management of early breast cancer. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 27:285–292PubMed
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Borger JH, Keijser AH (1987) Conservative breast cancer treatment: analysis of cosmetic results and the role of concomitant adjuvant chemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 13:1173–1177PubMed Borger JH, Keijser AH (1987) Conservative breast cancer treatment: analysis of cosmetic results and the role of concomitant adjuvant chemotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 13:1173–1177PubMed
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Yap KP, McCready DR, Narod S et al (2003) Factors influencing arm and axillary symptoms after treatment for node negative breast carcinoma. Cancer 97:1369–1375PubMedCrossRef Yap KP, McCready DR, Narod S et al (2003) Factors influencing arm and axillary symptoms after treatment for node negative breast carcinoma. Cancer 97:1369–1375PubMedCrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Meric F, Buchholz TA, Mirza NQ et al (2002) Long-term complications associated with breast-conservation surgery and radiotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol 9:543–549PubMedCrossRef Meric F, Buchholz TA, Mirza NQ et al (2002) Long-term complications associated with breast-conservation surgery and radiotherapy. Ann Surg Oncol 9:543–549PubMedCrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Tasmuth T, von Smitten K, Hietanen P et al (1995) Pain and other symptoms after different treatment modalities of breast cancer. Ann Oncol 6:453–459PubMed Tasmuth T, von Smitten K, Hietanen P et al (1995) Pain and other symptoms after different treatment modalities of breast cancer. Ann Oncol 6:453–459PubMed
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Amichetti M, Busana L, Caffo O (1995) Long-term cosmetic outcome and toxicity in patients treated with quadrantectomy and radiation therapy for early-stage breast cancer. Oncology 52:177–181PubMedCrossRef Amichetti M, Busana L, Caffo O (1995) Long-term cosmetic outcome and toxicity in patients treated with quadrantectomy and radiation therapy for early-stage breast cancer. Oncology 52:177–181PubMedCrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Toledano A, Garaud P, Serin D et al (2006) Concurrent administration of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery enhances late toxicities: Long-term results of the ARCOSEIN multicenter randomized study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 65:324–332PubMed Toledano A, Garaud P, Serin D et al (2006) Concurrent administration of adjuvant chemotherapy and radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery enhances late toxicities: Long-term results of the ARCOSEIN multicenter randomized study. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 65:324–332PubMed
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Herd-Smith A, Russo A, Muraca MG et al (2001) Prognostic factors for lymphedema after primary treatment of breast carcinoma. Cancer 92:1783–1787PubMedCrossRef Herd-Smith A, Russo A, Muraca MG et al (2001) Prognostic factors for lymphedema after primary treatment of breast carcinoma. Cancer 92:1783–1787PubMedCrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Schulze T, Mucke J, Markwardt J et al (2006) Long-term morbidity of patients with early breast cancer after sentinel lymph node biopsy compared to axillary lymph node dissection. J Surg Oncol 93:109–119PubMedCrossRef Schulze T, Mucke J, Markwardt J et al (2006) Long-term morbidity of patients with early breast cancer after sentinel lymph node biopsy compared to axillary lymph node dissection. J Surg Oncol 93:109–119PubMedCrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Clark B, Sitzia J, Harlow W (2005) Incidence and risk of arm oedema following treatment for breast cancer: a three-year follow-up study. QJM 98:343–348PubMedCrossRef Clark B, Sitzia J, Harlow W (2005) Incidence and risk of arm oedema following treatment for breast cancer: a three-year follow-up study. QJM 98:343–348PubMedCrossRef
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Amichetti M, Caffo O (2003) Pain after quadrantectomy and radiotherapy for early-stage breast cancer: incidence, characteristics and influence on quality of life. Results from a retrospective study. Oncology 65:23–28PubMedCrossRef Amichetti M, Caffo O (2003) Pain after quadrantectomy and radiotherapy for early-stage breast cancer: incidence, characteristics and influence on quality of life. Results from a retrospective study. Oncology 65:23–28PubMedCrossRef
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Whelan TJ, Levine M, Julian J et al (2000) The effects of radiation therapy on quality of life of women with breast carcinoma: results of a randomized trial. Ontario Clinical Oncology Group. Cancer 88:2260–2266PubMedCrossRef Whelan TJ, Levine M, Julian J et al (2000) The effects of radiation therapy on quality of life of women with breast carcinoma: results of a randomized trial. Ontario Clinical Oncology Group. Cancer 88:2260–2266PubMedCrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Rayan G, Dawson LA, Bezjak A et al (2003) Prospective comparison of breast pain in patients participating in a randomized trial of breast-conserving surgery and tamoxifen with or without radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 55:154–161PubMedCrossRef Rayan G, Dawson LA, Bezjak A et al (2003) Prospective comparison of breast pain in patients participating in a randomized trial of breast-conserving surgery and tamoxifen with or without radiotherapy. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 55:154–161PubMedCrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Back M, Ahern V, Delaney G et al (2005) Absence of adverse early quality of life outcomes of radiation therapy in breast conservation therapy for early breast cancer. Australas Radiol 49:39–43PubMedCrossRef Back M, Ahern V, Delaney G et al (2005) Absence of adverse early quality of life outcomes of radiation therapy in breast conservation therapy for early breast cancer. Australas Radiol 49:39–43PubMedCrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Schou I, Ekeberg O, Sandvik L et al (2005) Multiple predictors of health-related quality of life in early stage breast cancer. Data from a year follow-up study compared with the general population. Qual Life Res 14:1813–1823PubMedCrossRef Schou I, Ekeberg O, Sandvik L et al (2005) Multiple predictors of health-related quality of life in early stage breast cancer. Data from a year follow-up study compared with the general population. Qual Life Res 14:1813–1823PubMedCrossRef
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Liljegren G, Holmberg L (1997) Arm morbidity after sector resection and axillary dissection with or without postoperative radiotherapy in breast cancer stage I. Results from a randomised trial. Uppsala-Orebro Breast Cancer Study Group. Eur J Cancer 33:193–199PubMedCrossRef Liljegren G, Holmberg L (1997) Arm morbidity after sector resection and axillary dissection with or without postoperative radiotherapy in breast cancer stage I. Results from a randomised trial. Uppsala-Orebro Breast Cancer Study Group. Eur J Cancer 33:193–199PubMedCrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Box RC, Reul-Hirche HM, Bullock-Saxton JE et al (2002) Physiotherapy after breast cancer surgery: results of a randomised controlled study to minimise lymphoedema. Breast Cancer Res Treat 75:51–64PubMedCrossRef Box RC, Reul-Hirche HM, Bullock-Saxton JE et al (2002) Physiotherapy after breast cancer surgery: results of a randomised controlled study to minimise lymphoedema. Breast Cancer Res Treat 75:51–64PubMedCrossRef
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Engel J, Kerr J, Schlesinger-Raab A et al (2003) Axilla surgery severely affects quality of life: results of a 5-year prospective study in breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 80:47–57CrossRef Engel J, Kerr J, Schlesinger-Raab A et al (2003) Axilla surgery severely affects quality of life: results of a 5-year prospective study in breast cancer patients. Breast Cancer Res Treat 80:47–57CrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Lauridsen MC, Torsleff KR, Husted H et al (2000) Physiotherapy treatment of late symptoms following surgical treatment of breast cancer. Breast 9:45–51PubMedCrossRef Lauridsen MC, Torsleff KR, Husted H et al (2000) Physiotherapy treatment of late symptoms following surgical treatment of breast cancer. Breast 9:45–51PubMedCrossRef
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Burak WE, Hollenbeck ST, Zervos EE et al (2002) Sentinel lymph node biopsy results in less postoperative morbidity compared with axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer. Am J Surg 183:23–27PubMedCrossRef Burak WE, Hollenbeck ST, Zervos EE et al (2002) Sentinel lymph node biopsy results in less postoperative morbidity compared with axillary lymph node dissection for breast cancer. Am J Surg 183:23–27PubMedCrossRef
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Schwarz R, Hinz A (2001) Reference data for the quality of life questionnaire EORTC QLQ-C30 in the general German population. Eur J Cancer 37:1345–1351PubMedCrossRef Schwarz R, Hinz A (2001) Reference data for the quality of life questionnaire EORTC QLQ-C30 in the general German population. Eur J Cancer 37:1345–1351PubMedCrossRef
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Cella D, Hahn EA, Dineen K (2002) Meaningful change in cancer-specific quality of life scores: differences between improvement and worsening. Qual Life Res 11:207–221PubMedCrossRef Cella D, Hahn EA, Dineen K (2002) Meaningful change in cancer-specific quality of life scores: differences between improvement and worsening. Qual Life Res 11:207–221PubMedCrossRef
56.
Zurück zum Zitat Maguire P (1999) Late adverse psychological sequelae of breast cancer and its treatment. Eur J Surg Oncol 25:317–320PubMedCrossRef Maguire P (1999) Late adverse psychological sequelae of breast cancer and its treatment. Eur J Surg Oncol 25:317–320PubMedCrossRef
57.
Zurück zum Zitat Hayes S, Cornish B, Newman B (2005) Comparison of methods to diagnose lymphoedema among breast cancer survivors: 6-month follow-up. Breast Cancer Res Treat 89:221–226PubMedCrossRef Hayes S, Cornish B, Newman B (2005) Comparison of methods to diagnose lymphoedema among breast cancer survivors: 6-month follow-up. Breast Cancer Res Treat 89:221–226PubMedCrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Prognosis of the upper limb following surgery and radiation for breast cancer
verfasst von
Teresa S. Lee
Sharon L. Kilbreath
Kathryn M. Refshauge
Robert D. Herbert
Jane M. Beith
Publikationsdatum
01.07.2008
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment / Ausgabe 1/2008
Print ISSN: 0167-6806
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7217
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10549-007-9710-9

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2008

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment 1/2008 Zur Ausgabe

Adjuvante Immuntherapie verlängert Leben bei RCC

25.04.2024 Nierenkarzinom Nachrichten

Nun gibt es auch Resultate zum Gesamtüberleben: Eine adjuvante Pembrolizumab-Therapie konnte in einer Phase-3-Studie das Leben von Menschen mit Nierenzellkarzinom deutlich verlängern. Die Sterberate war im Vergleich zu Placebo um 38% geringer.

Alectinib verbessert krankheitsfreies Überleben bei ALK-positivem NSCLC

25.04.2024 NSCLC Nachrichten

Das Risiko für Rezidiv oder Tod von Patienten und Patientinnen mit reseziertem ALK-positivem NSCLC ist unter einer adjuvanten Therapie mit dem Tyrosinkinase-Inhibitor Alectinib signifikant geringer als unter platinbasierter Chemotherapie.

Bei Senioren mit Prostatakarzinom auf Anämie achten!

24.04.2024 DGIM 2024 Nachrichten

Patienten, die zur Behandlung ihres Prostatakarzinoms eine Androgendeprivationstherapie erhalten, entwickeln nicht selten eine Anämie. Wer ältere Patienten internistisch mitbetreut, sollte auf diese Nebenwirkung achten.

ICI-Therapie in der Schwangerschaft wird gut toleriert

Müssen sich Schwangere einer Krebstherapie unterziehen, rufen Immuncheckpointinhibitoren offenbar nicht mehr unerwünschte Wirkungen hervor als andere Mittel gegen Krebs.

Update Onkologie

Bestellen Sie unseren Fach-Newsletter und bleiben Sie gut informiert.