Introduction
Materials and methods
Patients and tissue specimens
Grade | Tumor regression |
---|---|
Grade 0 | No necrosis or regressive change |
Grade 1 | |
a | >66.6% vital residual tumor cells |
b | Approximately 33.3–66.6% vital residual tumor cells |
Grade 2 | <33.3% vital residual tumor cells |
Grade 3 | No vital residual tumor cells |
Immunohistochemistry staining and evaluation
Statistical analysis
Results
Expression of CD133 in colon cancer cells
Relationship between clinicopathologic features and CD133 expression in colon cancer with surgery alone
Colorectal cancer treated with surgery alone (n = 225) | Rectal cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy and surgery (n = 78) | |
---|---|---|
Gender | ||
Male | 139 (61.8%) | 47 (60.3%) |
Female | 86 (38.2%) | 31 (39.7%) |
Mean age (years) ± SD | 63.4 ± 10.9 | 61.2 ± 10.1 |
Tumor size (mm) ± SD | 45.6 ± 23.3 | 44.9 ± 8.4 |
Location | ||
Cecum (C) | 11 (4.9%) | 0 |
Ascending colon (A) | 38 (16.9%) | 0 |
Transverse colon (T) | 17 (7.6%) | 0 |
Descending colon (D) | 4 (1.8%) | 0 |
Sigmoid colon (S) | 97 (43.1%) | 0 |
Rectum | 58 (25.8%) | 78 (100%) |
Right-sided colon (C/A) | 50 (22.2%) | |
Left-sided colon (T/D/S) | 117 (52.0%) | |
Rectum | 58 (25.8%) | |
Tumor depth | ||
T1 | 18 (8.0%) | 8 (10.3%) |
T2 | 25 (15.6%) | 22 (28.2%) |
T3 | 165 (73.3%) | 43 (55.1%) |
T4 | 7 (3.1%) | 5 (6.4%) |
Histologic type | ||
Well | 172 (76.4%) | 52 (66.7%) |
Moderately | 45 (20.1%) | 24 (30.8%) |
Mucinous | 3 (1.3%) | 0 (0.0%) |
Poorly | 5 (2.2%) | 2 (2.5%) |
Lymphatic invasion | ||
Positive | 53 (23.6%) | 7 (9.0%) |
Negative | 172 (76.4%) | 71 (91.0%) |
Venous invasion | ||
Positive | 136 (60.4%) | 41 (52.6%) |
Negative | 89 (39.6%) | 37 (47.4%) |
Lymph node metastasis | ||
Positive | 88 (39.1%) | 15 (19.2%) |
Negative | 137 (60.9%) | 63 (80.8%) |
Stage | ||
1 | 43 (19.1%) | 25 (32.1%) |
2 | 94 (41.8%) | 33 (42.3%) |
3 | 87 (38.7%) | 13 (16.7%) |
4 | 1 (0.4%) | 7 (9.0%) |
Colorectal cancer treated with surgery alone (n = 225) | Rectal cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy and surgery (n = 78) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
CD133 positive | CD133 negative |
P value | CD133 positive | CD133 negative |
P value | |
Gender | ||||||
Male | 60 (64.5%) | 79 (59.8%) | 0.45 | 30 (63.8%) | 17 (54.8%) | 0.43 |
Female | 33 (35.5%) | 53 (40.2%) | 17 (36.2%) | 14 (45.2%) | ||
Mean age (years) ± SD | 64.6 ± 9.5 | 62.6 ± 11.6 | 0.92 | 60.2 ± 10.7 | 62.8 ± 9.1 | 0.36 |
Tumor size (mm) ± SD | 45.6 ± 21.1 | 45.5 ± 24.9 | 0.5 | 46.6 ± 1.1 | 42.5 ± 1.2 | 0.72 |
Location | ||||||
Right-sided colon (C/A) | 26 (28.0%) | 24 (18.2%) | 0.05 | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | ND |
Left-sided colon (T/D/S) | 50 (53.8%) | 67 (50.8%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
Rectum | 17 (18.3%) | 41 (31.0%) | 47 (60.3%) | 31 (39.7%) | ||
Tumor depth | ||||||
T1 | 6 (6.5%) | 12 (9.1%) | 0.05 | 5 (10.3%) | 3 (9.7%) | 0.35 |
T2 | 17 (18.2%) | 18 (13.6%) | 10 (21.3%) | 12 (38.7%) | ||
T3 | 64 (68.8%) | 101 (76.5%) | 28 (59.6%) | 15 (48.4%) | ||
T4 | 6 (6.5%) | 1 (0.8%) | 4 (8.5%) | 1 (3.2%) | ||
Histologic type | ||||||
Well | 76 (81.7%) | 96 (72.7%) | 0.18 | 31 (66.0%) | 21 (67.7%) | 0.35 |
Moderately | 16 (17.2%) | 29 (22.0%) | 14 (29.8%) | 10 (32.3%) | ||
Mucinous | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (2.3%) | 2 (4.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
Poorly | 1 (1.1%) | 4 (3.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | ||
Lymphatic invasion | ||||||
Positive | 23 (24.7%) | 30 (22.7%) | 0.73 | 5 (10.6%) | 2 (6.5%) | 0.52 |
Negative | 70 (75.3%) | 102 (77.3%) | 42 (89.4%) | 29 (93.5%) | ||
Venous invasion | ||||||
Positive | 64 (68.8%) | 72 (54.6%) | 0.03 | 27 (57.5%) | 14 (45.2%) | 0.29 |
Negative | 29 (31.2%) | 60 (45.4%) | 20 (42.5%) | 17 (54.8%) | ||
Lymph node metastasis | ||||||
Positive | 36 (38.7%) | 52 (39.4%) | 0.91 | 10 (21.7%) | 5 (16.1%) | 0.54 |
Negative | 57 (61.3%) | 80 (60.6%) | 37 (78.3%) | 26 (83.9%) | ||
Stage | ||||||
1 | 19 (20.4%) | 24 (18.2%) | 0.74 | 13 (27.7%) | 12 (38.7%) | 0.72 |
2 | 38 (40.9%) | 56 (42.4%) | 21 (44.7%) | 12 (38.7%) | ||
3 | 36 (38.7%) | 51 (38.6%) | 9 (19.1%) | 4 (12.9%) | ||
4 | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (0.8%) | 4 (8.5%) | 3 (9.7%) |
CD133 expression in cancer of middle or low rectum
Without CRT | With CRT |
P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Gender | |||
Male | 16 (61.5%) | 47 (60.3%) | 0.8 |
Female | 10 (38.5%) | 31 (39.7%) | |
Mean age (years) ± SD | 60.8 ± 10.2 | 61.2 ± 10.1 | 0.83 |
Tumor size (mm) ± SD | 36.9 ± 17.0 | 4.5 ± 7.3 | <0.0001 |
Tumor depth | |||
T1 | 2 (7.7%) | 8 (10.3%) | 0.3 |
T2 | 10 (38.5%) | 22 (28.2%) | |
T3 | 14 (53.8%) | 43 (55.1%) | |
T4 | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (6.4%) | |
Histologic type | |||
Well | 20 (76.9%) | 52 (67.5%) | 0.4 |
Moderately | 6 (23.1%) | 24 (30.0%) | |
Mucinous | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (2.5%) | |
Lymphatic invasion | |||
Positive | 7 (26.9%) | 7 (9.0%) | 0.03 |
Negative | 19 (73.1%) | 71 (91.0%) | |
Venous invasion | |||
Positive | 17 (65.4%) | 41 (52.6%) | 0.25 |
Negative | 9 (34.6%) | 37 (47.4%) | |
Lymph node metastasis | |||
Positive | 11 (42.3%) | 15 (19.0%) | 0.02 |
Negative | 15 (57.7%) | 63 (81.0%) | |
Stage | |||
1 | 10 (38.5%) | 25 (32.1%) | 0.01 |
2 | 5 (19.2%) | 33 (42.3%) | |
3 | 11 (42.3%) | 13 (16.7%) | |
4 | 0 (0.0%) | 7 (9.0%) | |
CD133 expression | |||
Positive | 10 (38.5%) | 47 (60.3%) | 0.05 |
Negative | 16 (61.5%) | 31 (39.7%) |
Correlation between CD133 expression and histological tumor regression grade with CRT
Rectal cancer treated with chemoradiotherapy (n = 78) | |||
---|---|---|---|
CD133 positive | CD133 negative |
P value | |
Tumor regression grade | |||
1a | 20 (44.4%) | 3 (9.7%) | 0.0002 |
1b | 15 (33.3%) | 8 (25.8%) | |
2 | 10 (22.2%) | 20 (64.5%) |
Factors | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | Odds ratio (95% CI) |
---|---|---|---|
P value |
P value | ||
Tumor size | 0.93 | ||
Tumor depth | 0.11 | ||
Histology | 0.28 | ||
Lymphatic invasion | 0.85 | ||
Venous invasion | 0.0024 | 0.0033 | 4.9 (−1.56 to 0.44) |
Lymph node metastasis | 0.55 | ||
CD133 expression | 0.0002 | 0.0003 | 7.0 (−1.39 to 0.26) |