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Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology
Erschienen in: Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology 1/2018

29.12.2017 | Clinical Review

Gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease

verfasst von: Atsushi Nishida, Ryo Inoue, Osamu Inatomi, Shigeki Bamba, Yuji Naito, Akira Andoh

Erschienen in: Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology | Ausgabe 1/2018

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Abstract

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, is a chronic and relapsing inflammatory disorder of the intestine. Although its incidence is increasing globally, the precise etiology remains unclear and a cure for IBD has yet to be discovered. The most accepted hypothesis of IBD pathogenesis is that complex interactions between genetics, environmental factors, and the host immune system lead to aberrant immune responses and chronic intestinal inflammation. The human gut harbors a complex and abundant aggregation of microbes, collectively referred to as the gut microbiota. The gut microbiota has physiological functions associated with nutrition, the immune system, and defense of the host. Recent advances in next-generation sequencing technology have identified alteration of the composition and function of the gut microbiota, which is referred to as dysbiosis, in IBD. Clinical and experimental data suggest dysbiosis may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of IBD. This review is focused on the physiological function of the gut microbiota and the association between the gut microbiota and pathogenesis in IBD. In addition, we review the therapeutic options for manipulating the altered gut microbiota, such as probiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation.
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Metadaten
Titel
Gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease
verfasst von
Atsushi Nishida
Ryo Inoue
Osamu Inatomi
Shigeki Bamba
Yuji Naito
Akira Andoh
Publikationsdatum
29.12.2017
Verlag
Springer Japan
Erschienen in
Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology / Ausgabe 1/2018
Print ISSN: 1865-7257
Elektronische ISSN: 1865-7265
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s12328-017-0813-5

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