Background
Methods
Literature search strategy
Database From inception – 20 April 2010 | Search terms |
---|---|
AMED | MeSH: ‘cardiovascular diseases’ [exploded] AND (‘complementary therapies’ [exploded] OR ‘dietary supplements[exploded] OR ‘plants, medicinal’ [exploded] AND ‘data collection’ [exploded] Where MeSH terms were unavailable, the following terms were combined: [complementary medicine$ or complementary therapy$ or alternative medicine$” or “supplement$ or herb$ or homeopath$ or osteopath$ or acupuncture or Chinese medicine$ or mind-body therapy$] AND cardiovascular disease AND [‘utilisation” OR “utilization” OR ‘ prevalence’ OR ‘use’] |
Blackwell Synergy | |
CINAHL | |
Health & Society | |
PubMED Entrez (indexes Medline and Biomed Central) | |
Scopus (indexes EMBASE) | |
Science Direct | |
Web of Science |
QAT Item | Brief Definition | Points Awarded | Frequency of studies % (n) | Reference |
---|---|---|---|---|
STUDY METHODS
| ||||
Low risk | Prospective/current data collection | 2 | 11 (3) | |
Some risk | Retrospective data collection <12 months | 1 | 78 (21) | |
Piloted questionnaire (or interview schedule) | Any pilot or previous use of study material | 1 | 26 (7) | |
Address potential sources of bias | Report efforts to address nonresponsive bias or information bias | 1 | 7 (2) | |
Adjust for potential confounders | Any adjustment of confounders in analyses of variables associated with CAM use | 1 | 44 (12) | |
SAMPLING
| ||||
Response rate | Where response rate = (no. of participants in the study/No of people invited to take part) x 100 | 1 | 48 (13) | |
Representative sampling strategy | Any attempt to a representative sample of the larger population | 1 | 26 (7) | |
PARTICIPANT’S CHARACTERISTICS
| ||||
Specific diagnosis | Report participants’ diagnoses | 1 | 100 (27) | All studies |
Indicator of socioeconomic status | Report participants’ socioeconomic status | 0.5 | 67 (18) | |
Age | Report participants’ ages | 0.5 | 100 (27) | All studies |
Ethnicity | Report participants’ ethnicity | 0.5 | 56 (15) | |
Gender | Report participants’ gender | 0.5 | 100 (27) | All studies |
CAM USAGE
| ||||
CAM definition | Information about the definition of CAM/a list of CAM modalities provided to participants | 2 | 74 (20) | |
Use of CAM modalities assessed | Report the prevalence of use of specific CAM modalities | 1 | 100 (27) | All studies |
Frequency/duration of CAM uses | Report how often or for what duration the CAM were/are used by study participants | 1 | 19 (5) | |
Reasons for CAM use | Report the reasons for the use of CAM by study participants | 2 | 56 (15) |
Author (Year) | Mode of data collection | Sample size | Diagnosis | CAM Modalities Investigated | Prevalence* (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Ackman et al. (1999) | Standardised, self-administered survey | 180 | CHF | Vitamins/minerals, nutritional supplements, health food or herbal products; OTC medication | 59^ |
Ai et al. (2004) | Combination face-to-face interviews and telephone survey | 225 | Cardiac surgery | Relaxation, spiritual healing, herbal medicine, megavitamins, acupuncture, chiropractic, massage, biofeedback, hypnosis, imagery, homeopathy; includes exercise.
| 80.9 |
Albert et al. (2009) | Structured telephone or face-to-face interview | 374 | Heart failure | Vitamins, minerals, herbal products, OTC medication | 11.5 ^^ |
Amira & Okubadejo (2007) | Semi-structured interview (face-to-face) | 225 | Hypertension | NIH Categories: whole medical systems, mind-body therapies; dietary supplements & herbs; energy therapy and manipulation & touch therapy; plus sub-categories. | 39.1 |
Artz et al. (2006) | Combination of standardised survey (face-to-face) and medical records | 315 | CVD | Non-vitamin/mineral dietary supplement, vitamin/mineral dietary supplement. | 4 |
Barraco et al. (2005) | Semi-structured face-to-face interview | 223 | CAD | Folk remedies, herbal therapy, homeopathy, megavitamin therapy (not daily vitamin), minerals (not calcium or iron), native American medicine, Tibetan medicine, traditional Chinese medicine (includes exercise and prayer as CAM)
| 63 |
Blackmer and Jefromova (2002) | Standardised telephone survey | 136 | Stroke or subarachnoid haemorrhage | Acupuncture, massage, chiropractic, reflexology, magnetic therapy, hyperbaric oxygen, herbal supplements, vitamins, spiritual healing, reiki, chelation, relaxation | 26.5 |
Buettner et al. (2007) | Combination of standardised survey (face-to-face) and medical examination; part of the annual National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) | 1066 | CAD or Stroke | Vitamins, minerals, other dietary supplements | 61 |
Chagan et al. (2005) | Structured face-to-face interview | 198 | CVD | Biologically based therapies (herbal medicine, Vitamins & minerals) | 42 |
Dal Corso et al. (2007) | Semi-structured face-to-face interview | 153 | CHF | Herbal remedies, integrators (vitamins, minerals, salts), OTC medications | 30^ |
Decker et al. (2007) | Combination of face-to-face interview, and medical records. | 596 | CAD | Biofeedback, acupuncture, relaxation therapy, home remedies, and chelation therapy | 19 |
Gohar et al. (2008) | Standardised, self administered survey | 153 | Hypertension | NIH Categories: whole medical systems, mind-body therapies; dietary supplements & herbs; energy therapy and manipulation & touch therapy; (includes prayer)
| 37.9 |
Greenfield et al. (2008) | Standardised, self administered survey; | 422 | CVD | Open ended question on CAM; vitamins & minerals, exercise, acupuncture, homeopathy, chiropractic, massage | 9.2 |
Krasuski et al. (2006) | Standardised, self administered survey | 210 | CVD | Herbal medications, vitamin supplements (unless prescribed), dietary supplements, visits to alternative medicine providers | 54 |
Lee and Kim (2009) | Structured face-to-face interviews | 1434 | Hypertension | Dietary supplements | 23.7 |
Leung et al. (2008) | Standardised, self administered survey (mail out) | 661 | CAD | Mind-body therapy: meditation, yoga, qigong, tai chi, relaxation techniques, deep breathing exercise, visualisation, guided imagery, quiet sitting, mantra, muscle relaxation, and other (not including prayer) | 35.1 |
Liu et al. (2000) | Standardised, self administered survey | 263 | Cardiac surgery | Ayurveda, Acupuncture, Biofeedback, Chelation, Chiropractic, Energy healing, guided imagery, Herbs, Homeopathy, Hypnosis, Massage therapy, Meditation/relaxation, Naturopathy, Nutritional therapy, Prayer/pastoral counselling, qi gong, reflexology, tai chi, vitamins, yoga, other | 75 |
Martinez-Selles et al. (2004) | Standardised, self administered survey | 65 | CHF | CAM use was asked in the context of “use of over the counter drugs and alternative medicine” | 12 |
Pharand et al. (2003) | Structured face-to-face interviews | 306 | CVD | Vitamins or mineral products, nutritional supplements, health food or herbal products (home remedies, oriental remedies) | 22.9^ |
Quan et al. (2001) | Standardised, self administered survey | 5854 | CAD | Chelation therapy | 7.9 |
Shafiq et al. (2003) | Structured structured face-to-face interviews | 521 | Hypertension | Ayurvedic medicine, herbal medicine, homeopathy, spiritual healing, diet therapy and acupuncture | 63.9 |
Stys et al. (2004) | Physician interview | 187 | CVD | Vitamin, mineral or herbal supplements | 57 |
Wong et al. (2003) | Physician interview | 107 | CVD | Herbal medicine | 26 |
Wood et al. (2003) | Combination of structured phone interview, medical records as part of a larger study: Improving Cardiovascular Health in Nova Scotia (ICONS) | 107 | CVD | Megavitamins, Herbal therapy, Other nutritional supplements, Chiropractic, Massage therapy, Acupuncture, Homeopathy, Folk remedies, Exercise, Energy healing, Chelation,Biofeedback, Relaxation therapy, Spiritual healing, Hypnosis, Self-help groups (includes exercise)
| 64 |
*Yeh et al. (2006) | Structured face-to-face interview; 2002 National Health Interview Survey | 10572 | CVD | NIH Categories: whole medical systems, mind-body therapies; dietary supplements & herbs; energy therapy and manipulation & touch therapy; (excluding prayer)
| 36 |
Yilmaz et al. (2007) | Semi-structured face-to-face interview | 310 | CVD | Herbal medicine | 26.5 |
Zick et al. (2005) | Standardised, self administered survey | 252 | CHF | Herbs, vitamins, minerals, amino acids, other | 32.5 |