Background
Methods
Preparation of XJEK extract
Components | Voucher specimens number | Part used | Rate (%) |
---|---|---|---|
Panax ginseng C.A. Mey. | NJUTCM-20110530 | Root | 11.71 |
Polygonatum odoratum (Mill.) Druce | NJUTCM-20110531 | Rhizome | 7.03 |
Panax pseudoginseng var. notoginseng (Burkill) G. Hoo & C.L. Tseng | NJUTCM-20110532 | Root | 3.09 |
Allium macrostemon Bunge | NJUTCM-20110533 | Ramulus | 7.80 |
Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels | NJUTCM-20110534 | Root | 7.80 |
Ophiopogon japonicus (Thunb.) Ker Gawl. | NJUTCM-20110535 | Root | 7.80 |
Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill. | NJUTCM-20110536 | Fruit | 3.93 |
Salvia miltiorrhiza f. alba C.Y. Wu & H.W. Li | NJUTCM-20110537 | Root | 7.80 |
Sophora flavescens Aiton | NJUTCM-20110538 | Root | 7.80 |
Glycyrrhiza acanthocarpa (Lindl.) J.M. Black | NJUTCM-20110539 | Rhizome | 7.80 |
Astragalus mongholicus Bunge | NJUTCM-20110540 | Root | 11.69 |
Epimedium acuminatum Franch. | NJUTCM-20110541 | Aerial part | 7.80 |
Trichosanthes obtusiloba C.Y. Wu | NJUTCM-20110542 | Seed | 7.80 |
Dryobalanops aromatica C.F. Gaertn. | NJUTCM-20110543 | Resin | 0.15 |
Animals and treatment
Measurement of systolic blood pressure
Haemodynamics and cardiac remodeling index
Measurement of plasma Ang II levels
Histological and morphological analyses of the heart and thoracic aorta
Isolated vascular ring experiments
Measurement of nitric oxide (NO), total superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities, malondialdehyde (MDA) content in serum and hydroxyproline (Hyp) content in cardiac tissue
Statistical analysis
Results
Effect of XJEK on SBP
Effect of XJEK on haemodynamic parameters
Group | LVSP(mmHg) | LVEDP(mmHg) | +dP/dtmax(mmHg/s) | -dP/dtmax(mmHg/s) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Sh-Op | 113.07 ±11.66 | 27.56 ±9.11 | 7672.57 ± 2158.28 | −7046.04 ±1501.92 |
Model | 149.21 ± 20.68**
| 46.93 ± 19.92**
| 8477.46 ± 1123.74 | −7483.98 ±1122.43 |
XJEK | ||||
6 g/kg | 121.34 ± 16.99##
| 40.88 ±7.40 | 7358.72 ± 1389.27 | −7679.91 ±1906.72 |
12 g/kg | 115.61 ± 14.16##
| 35.66 ±9.49 | 7140.11 ± 2493.83 | −7666.94 ±1235.32 |
24 g/kg | 113.60 ± 15.86##
| 37.93 ±4.28 | 6310.59 ± 1588.00##
| −7015.20 ± 1162 .04 |
Fosinopril | ||||
15 mg/kg | 110.53 ± 11.26##
| 36.65 ±12.28 | 6514.32 ±2417.83#
| −7152.12 ±1789.97 |
Effect of XJEK on cardiac remodeling in 2K1C rats
Effect of XJEK on aortic remodeling in 2K1C rats
Group | TAA (×103um2) | LA (×103um2) | CSA (×103um2) | CSA/TAA (%) | AR (um) | Lumen (um) | Media (um) | Media/lumen (%) |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sh-Op | 2671.83 ± 108.18 | 2354.67 ± 99.27 | 317.17 ± 56.36 | 11.86 ± 1.99 | 374.58 ± 16.07 | 339.72 ± 18.89 | 34.86 ± 4.85 | 10.33 ± 1.90 |
Model | 2819.57 ± 82.65**
| 2454.29 ± 71.59*
| 365.29 ± 86.36 | 12.92 ± 2.81 | 405.23 ± 13.43**
| 357.43 ± 12.14*
| 47.80 ± 5.27**
| 13.39 ± 1.52**
|
XJEK | ||||||||
6 g/kg | 2854.00 ± 162.03 | 2505.29 ± 176.62 | 348.71 ± 35.81 | 12.27 ± 1.66 | 408.76 ± 20.55 | 364.43 ± 24.35 | 44.32 ± 4.79 | 12.27 ± 2.10 |
12 g/kg | 2764.00 ± 185.83 | 2411.33 ± 250.26 | 352.67 ± 66.40 | 12.90 ± 3.13 | 400.35 ± 26.12 | 354.46 ± 29.84 | 45.89 ± 4.95 | 13.06 ± 2.31 |
24 g/kg | 2694.33 ± 82.08##
| 2379.67 ± 65.31#
| 314.67 ± 45.65#
| 11.66 ± 1.52 | 383.59 ± 11.80##
| 347.32 ± 16.20 | 36.27 ± 11.11##
| 10.54 ± 3.54#
|
Fosinopril | ||||||||
15 mg/kg | 2692.13 ± 77.46##
| 2410.13 ± 111.76 | 282.00 ± 56.86##
| 10.50 ± 2.28#
| 384.36 ± 26.74#
| 347.05 ± 33.86 | 37.30 ± 13.02#
| 11.11 ± 4.93 |